Zinc kinetics is effective to detect changes in body zinc status in healthy children
Serum zinc; Renal zinc clearance; Oral zinc supplementation; Venous zinc administration
Zinc concentration was determined in plasma, serum, erythrocytes, platelets, leukocytes, hair, sweat, urine and metalloenzyme activities to assess body zinc status. All of these methods show failures or inaccuracies. There are few reports in the literature questioning whether the kinetic study of zinc is a reliable indicator of body zinc status. As such, we opted to study three different kinetic methods for the determination of zinc in order to establish which of these could detect small changes in body zinc status in children. Forty healthy children were studied. Renal handling of zinc was investigated during venous zinc administration (0.06537 mg Zn/kg of body weight), before and after oral zinc supplementation (5 mg Zn/day for 3 months). Three kinetic methods for the determination of zinc were used to evaluate zinc clearance (CZn-Formula A, CZn-Formula B and CZn-Formula C). Basal serum zinc values, which were within the reference range for healthy children, increased significantly after oral zinc supplementation. Differences were detected between the three clearances studied, either before or after oral zinc supplementation. CZn-Formula B showed a positive correlation with basal serum zinc after oral supplementation (R2 = 0.1172, P= 0.0306). Additionally, CZn-Formula B (P = 0.0002) was more effective than CZn-Formula A (P = 0.6028) and CZn-Formula C (P = 0.0732) in detecting small variations in body zinc status. All methods used are suitable for studying zinc kinetics; however, CZn-Formula B is particularly effective at detecting small changes in body zinc status.