Prescription errors in community pharmacies: a serious public health problem
Medication errors. Patient safety. Health care quality.
Introduction Prescription errors are the most serious type of medication errors found in the health system. The main purpose of this study was to analyze prescription notification errors involving clonazepam and suggest improvements for patient safety. Method A descriptive and observational study with retrospective data collection was conductedat 30 community pharmacies in Brazil, after informed consent from patients was obtained by a pharmacist. A sample of 313 prescription notifications was randomly collected in October 2009. They were analyzed for legibility and completeness. During the study, one researcher, two pharmacists, and one pharmacy graduate student evaluated patient and purchaser identification, pharmaceutical dosage form, dosage, administration route, and prescription by generic name. This research was approved by the institutional Ethics Committee. Results Among the 313 collected notifications, only 44.1% were legible. A total of 55.91% (175/313) had at least one illegible item, 100% contained incomplete information and 97.12% contained one or more abbreviations. Contrary to legal requirements, prescriptions with the generic name accounted for 13.42% (42/313) of the total. All the examined notifications were handwritten. Conclusions This study showed that health legislation was not adhered to, in view of the high incidence of illegibility and incompleteness of prescriptions in community pharmacies. A permanent education program should be created to minimize such prescription errors. Therefore, additional research is needed on medication errors in community pharmacies.