MEDICINAL PLANTS AND HERBAL MEDICINES AS A SOCIO-SCIENTIFIC ISSUE IN BIOLOGY TEACHING TO PROMOTE SCIENTIFIC LITERACY
Health; CTSA; Case study; Scientific literacy; Biology
Despite the fact that official Brazilian education documents state in their objectives for secondary education or Natural Sciences the need to train critical, ethical citizens who are capable of acting in the world in a responsible way from a socio-environmental point of view, there is still a marked teaching practice marked by traditional classes. This rigid teaching does little to prepare young students for solving real problems that affect environmental and human health. Among the alternatives aligned with the most critical, current and innovative pedagogical trends in science and biology teaching, we highlight the strategy of Socio-Scientific and Environmental Issues (SSEQs) from the perspective of Science, Technology, Society and Environment (STSA) education, as an adjunct to the development of students' critical scientific literacy. One of the current problems affecting public health and the environment is the uncritical and indiscriminate use of remedies and/or medicines, which often permeates the choice between the use of medicinal plants, herbal medicines and synthetic medicines for the treatment of minor health conditions. Due to its controversial nature and the dilemmas associated with scientific, technological, social, political, economic and environmental issues, this issue is considered a CSF. The aim was to analyze the potential of a case study based on the narration of a story highlighting the related dilemmas and ethical values of the characters on this topic. The study included the application of the teaching sequence to students of the technical nursing course located in Juazeiro/CE. Structured questionnaires, semi-structured interviews and participant observation were used to collect the data, and the results were analyzed using Bardin's content analysis. The educational product was validated using structured questionnaires applied to university and elementary school teachers in the field of natural sciences. The results show that the discussion of QSC dilemmas favors the recognition and criticism of the characters' values, the perception of the CTSA relationships involved, as well as their balanced, ethical and responsible resolution from a social and environmental point of view. In addition, the research resulted in the creation of a teaching guide to support science and biology teachers in applying this approach in the classroom.