THE DISCONNECTED: NEOPICARESQUE, NEOBAROQUE, AND OTHER DEVIATIONS IN EL REY DE LA HABANA
picaresque, picaro, neopicaresque, neobaroque
Latin American literature produced since the second half of the 20th century has been classified and analyzed as neo-baroque literature. However, there is a noticeable shortcoming in this production: the absence of one of the most prominent figures in 17th-century literature—the picaro. In the Baroque matrix, that is, in the Baroque of the 17th century, the picaro and picaresque themes were very present in the works of authors such as Baltasar Gracián, Francisco de Quevedo, Miguel de Cervantes, Mateo Alemán, López de Úbeda, Gregorio González, among others, but in what Severo Sarduy and other authors theorized as Latin American Neo-Baroque, the presence of the picaro is still quite timid and incipient. Neo-Baroque has not presented, in a comprehensive manner, a neo-picaresque. The main objective of this thesis is to investigate the possible relationship between the character Reinaldo, the deviant protagonist of the novel El Rey de la Habana (1999) by Cuban author Pedro Juan Gutiérrez, and the Spanish picaro of the Baroque period, and how and in what ways these figures are similar and different (neopícaro). José Antonio Maravall's considerations will be fundamental to the characterization of the picaro figure. In addition to attempting to link the figure of Reinaldo to that of the picaro, we will also analyze the place of Pedro Juan Gutiérrez's literature in Latin American neo-Baroque, theorized largely by his compatriots Severo Sarduy, José Lezama Lima, and Alejo Carpentier. For this last point, devices such as substitution, proliferation, doubling-condensation, quotation, and parody, nodal neo-baroque manifestations in Severo Sarduy's neo-baroque, will be of crucial importance.