Hydrogen pipelines: a framework to support decision-making
Infrastructure; pipeline; hydrogen; decision-making.
Hydrogen has become a strategic energy vector for the decarbonization of energy systems, with pipeline transport being a critical element for its technical and economic viability. In this context, this dissertation aims to propose a decision support framework for hydrogen pipeline transport, considering both the reuse of existing natural gas pipelines and the construction of new infrastructures dedicated to hydrogen. The research is classified as applied, qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive, developed from a systematic theoretical review of the literature and the modeling of a conceptual framework. The study was structured in four stages involving the identification of the state of the art, the organization of the main technical and strategic challenges associated with hydrogen transport, and the consolidation of these elements into an analytical structure to support decision-making. The literature review showed that the physicochemical properties of hydrogen impose significant technical challenges to pipeline transport, with hydrogen embrittlement of steels standing out as the main recurring obstacle. These findings, along with economic, operational, and regulatory aspects, formed the basis for the construction of a framework in which the reuse of natural gas pipelines emerges as a potentially advantageous alternative, provided it is preceded by integrity assessments and the adoption of appropriate technical solutions. As a main result, the work presents a decision-support framework that brings together four constructs: conditioning factors, critical challenges, technical solutions and mitigation, and transition strategy. The proposal allows for the systematic organization and comparison of infrastructure alternatives for hydrogen pipeline transport, contributing to planning and decision-making in the context of the energy transition.