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Humanism. Modernity. Contemporaneity. Ethics. Politics.
This work aims to highlight the continuity between modern and contemporary philosophical humanisms. Naturally, for this reason we will discuss the trajectory of this matrix of thought, defining humanism as a shift in intellectual perspective (relative to the medieval tradition) that has become radicalized over the centuries. Gradually, the western mindset has been driven by a reorientation towards an ever more acute existential independence (in a broad sense) of human being in relation to transcendence and the premises that had guided philosophical activity until then. In order to demonstrate this continuity, we will begin with the historical-cultural and conceptual establishment of humanism, starting from its renaissance origins, especially in Pico della Mirandola. Our second chapter will focus on the contemporary reception of humanism – how it should be considered in the context of nihilism through the works of thinkers such as Nietzsche, Heidegger and Sartre. Finally, we will reflect on the ethical and political dimension of humanist ideals with their impact on the present day, drawing on authors such as Habermas and Lipovetsky. Through the work of several prominent thinkers highlighted in the text, we will examine how, considering certain characteristics, the legacy of this modern tradition of thought is present in contemporary thinkers.