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Social memory; Working through the past; Critical theory; Adorno; Capitalism.
Abstract: This dissertation examines the concept of social memory in the work of Theodor W. Adorno, focusing on the interrelation between remembrance, forgetting, and the elaboration of the past within advanced capitalist societies. Although social memory is not treated as a systematic topic in Adorno’s oeuvre, the thesis argues that it plays a central role in his critical theory, particularly in his reflections on the persistence of social structures that enable the repetition of barbarism. Drawing on an interdisciplinary framework that combines social philosophy, critique of political economy, and Freudian psychoanalysis, the study analyzes the subjective and objective conditions that hinder the conscious elaboration of traumatic historical events, especially in postwar Germany. The central hypothesis is that the failure to elaborate the past cannot be explained solely in psychological or moral terms, but must be traced back to the dominance of instrumental rationality and the logic of value. The persistence of the objective conditions that gave rise to fascism, conditions rooted in the capitalist social form, undermines the subjective autonomy required for genuine remembrance, thereby producing a socially functional form of forgetting. While psychoanalysis is treated as an indispensable analytical resource, it is shown to be insufficient insofar as it does not directly address the deeper social mediations of suffering and repression. The dissertation is structured in three chapters: the first analyzes Adorno’s critical appropriation of psychoanalysis and its relevance for understanding the formation of social memory; the second examines reification, the loss of experience, and forgetting as structural effects of a society governed by exchange; and the third explores the meaning of “working through the past” as an ethical, educational, and political task. The study concludes that social memory, understood in terms of its temporal plasticity, can open critical possibilities for interrupting the repetition of violence, provided it is linked to a radical critique of the social conditions that produce forgetting.