NANOPARTÍCULAS POLIMÉRICAS CATIÔNICAS COMO POTENCIAL IMUNOADJUVANTE CONTRA Trypanosoma cruzi
Cationic nanoparticles; immunoadjuvants; T. cruzi extract; immune response modulation;
Chagas disease is caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi and is considered
a neglected tropical disease. Novel immunoadjuvants have been studied to
improve the immune response and treatment efficacy. Nanoparticles are drug
delivery devices that target specific cells, enhancing therapeutic action and may
possess immunomodulatory characteristics. This study explored the use of
cationic PLGA-PEI nanoparticles as potential immunoadjuvants in response to
T. cruzi infection. The results obtained were satisfactory and promising. During
the research, it was demonstrated that cationic nanoparticles interacted with
proteins and exhibited favorable properties, such as appropriate size and
cellular viability. When tested as immunoadjuvants in animal models, the
nanoparticles stimulated an immune response similar to aluminum hydroxide, a
commonly used human immunoadjuvant. Furthermore, the nanoparticles were
observed to stimulate the production of high avidity and specific antibodies of
subclasses IgG2b and IgG3, which play important roles in the inflammatory
process and effector cell activity. These findings are relevant as the formulated
nanoparticles are unprecedented in the literature and demonstrate significant
potential for the development of immunomodulatory strategies in the context of
T. cruzi infection.