Potential of macroalgae (Gracilaria caudata) as feed ingredient for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): Effect on growth and organoleptic characteristics
Seaweed; Gracilaria caudata; Oreochromis niloticus; Feed.
In fish farming, one of the most important factors in production is animal feed, which represents the highest cost in production, thus increasing the value of fish. The feed must be developed based on the nutritional requirements of each species to achieve better zootechnical performances, increase productivity and provide financial profit. This study aims to evaluate the effect of incorporating the seaweed Gracilaria caudata in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) diets, emphasizing the quality of the feed regarding its effect on growth, survival of animals and nutritional composition of fish in different diets. For this, a feeding experiment was carried out, where 96 individuals of O. niloticus were randomly distributed in 12 experimental units in a stocking density of eight individuals per tank. The animals were divided into four diets: commercial feed used as a control (D0) without any supplementation (0%) and three diets supplemented with seaweed with inclusion of 10% (D1), 20% (D2) and 30% (D3). The inclusions of 10% and 20% of the seaweed did not cause negative effects on the zootechnical performance of the cultivated animals and the survival was 100% at the end of the experiment for D1. Furthermore, changes in the fish nutritional composition seem to be related to seaweed inclusions in the diets, with moisture, protein and ash contents increasing with the increase in seaweed inclusion but decreasing for lipids. In conclusion, the seaweed G. caudata may be included in 10% and 20% of the Nile tilapia's diet without compromising the zootechnical performance, as well as the inclusion of the seaweed demonstrated the possibility of cultivating fish more nutritious, healthy and sustainable.