Nursing Team's Perception Of Challenges In The Vaccine Room In Primary Health Care
Patient Safety; Vaccines; Access to Primary Care; Education Continuing. Primary Care Nursing
Patient safety is defined as the reduction of unsafe acts within care processes and the mitigation of unnecessary harm associated with healthcare, reduced to an acceptable minimum. The activities performed by the nursing team are complex, especially when considering the vaccination room within Primary Health Care. It is evident that this setting entails numerous challenges and is susceptible to generating adverse events. Therefore, the need for studies focusing on patient safety in immunization within public health is reinforced, highlighting how fostering this discussion can contribute to changes related to surveillance, service management, nursing practice in immunization, and professional qualification, as well as the implementation of continuous educational processes in services through the use of technologies such as information systems. The objective of this study is to describe the nursing team’s perception of the challenges faced in the vaccination room in Primary Health Care. This is an exploratory descriptive study conducted in three Family Health Units in the Felipe Camarão district. Ten healthcare workers from these units participated in the study. The inclusion criterion was being a healthcare professional who is part of the nursing team and actively working in the vaccination room. Workers on vacation or on medical leave during the data collection period were excluded from the sample. Data collection was carried out using a semi-structured interview script. The data collection instrument was pre-tested in other health units not included in the study sample. Data analysis was performed using content analysis, following the thematic category technique proposed by Bardin (2011). This research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, in accordance with Resolution No. 466/2012 of the Brazilian National Health Council. As preliminary results, the sample showed a higher prevalence of female participants (80.0%), mostly nursing technicians (80.0%), with technical-level academic degrees (70.0%), and without specific training in patient safety in the vaccination room over the past 12 months (80.0%). From the content analysis, six thematic categories emerged that express contributing factors to the challenges encountered in the vaccination room: (1) Management of intercurrences and adverse events; (2) Storage and preservation of immunobiologicals; (3) Complexity of the work environment; (4) Infrastructure and human resources; (5) Professional education and training; (6) Subjective and cultural factors. In the next stage of this study, a practical guide will be developed for healthcare professionals working in this setting. It is concluded that this research can contribute to the development of professional competencies of the actors involved in the vaccination room and, consequently, to the qualification of the work process systematization, aiming to improve service performance through a more structured routine, which may enhance the attitudes and skills of these professionals.