FRAILTY, NUTRITION, AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN URBAN-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS FACING VULNERABILITY: OBSERVATIONAL STUDY IN PRIMARY HEATH CARE
Vulnerability | Frailty | Frail Elderly | Nutritional impairment | Quality of life | Elderly | Primary Health Care.
Objective: To analyze the association between vulnerability, nutritional aspects, frailty, and quality of life (QoL) in elderly individuals receiving care in Primary Health Care in an urban area. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted with community-dwelling older adults. The Vulnerable Elders Survey (VES-13), Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), Edmonton Frailty Scale (EFS), and Medical Outcomes Study Questionnaire Short Form 36 (SF-36) were used to measure the variables of interest. Analyses included association, correlation, and binary logistic regression to predict the outcome of the model. Results: A total of n=323 individuals composed the sample, of whom n=148 (45.8%) were considered vulnerable (VES-13). Vulnerability showed moderate correlations with nutritional status (r=-0.38/p<0.001). Frailty (EFS) and QoL (SF-36) demonstrated strong correlations, especially in physical and functional domains (r>0.49/p<0.050). Binary logistic regression identified frailty (EFS) as the main predictor of vulnerability (R²=0.20/ p<0.001/ OR=1.35 [1.24–1.48]), with functional independence (R²=0.25/ p<0.001/ OR=3.96 [2.74–5.73]) and functional performance (R²=0.17/ p<0.001/ OR=3.21 [2.21–4.67]) being the strongest contributors to increased vulnerability. Conclusion: There was an association between vulnerability, nutritional status, frailty, and QoL, with refined analyses highlighting frailty—particularly its functional components—as key predictors of vulnerability.