Banca de DEFESA: ÁGNES DENISE DE LIMA BEZERRA

Uma banca de DEFESA de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : ÁGNES DENISE DE LIMA BEZERRA
DATE: 25/10/2024
TIME: 14:00
LOCAL: REMOTO: HTTPS://MEET.GOOGLE.COM/NOM-FVYP-GPX
TITLE:

Impact of nutritional intervention and body composition on adverse events of treatment in women diagnosed with breast cancer

KEY WORDS:

Oncology; diet; nutritional status; body composition; mortality.

PAGES: 44
BIG AREA: Ciências da Saúde
AREA: Nutrição
SUMMARY:

Breast cancer is the most common neoplasm among women worldwide, and treatment often involves multimodal approaches, such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and hormonal therapies. Although these treatments have significantly improved survival rates, they are also associated with a series of adverse effects that negatively affect the nutritional status and body composition of patients, causing undesirable adverse effects. Although there are different studies on this topic, studies evaluating whether a nutritional intervention could reduce adverse events during neoadjuvant chemotherapy treatment in women with breast cancer, as well as verifying changes in body composition with mortality, particularly among young women (<40 years old), are still largely unknown and underexplored. This doctoral thesis aimed to evaluate the effect of nutritional intervention on adverse events (chemotherapy and radiotherapy toxicity, post-surgical complications, self-reported gastrointestinal symptoms, and mortality) and the impact of body composition on the prognosis of mortality in women diagnosed with breast cancer. It is composed of products from two studies: 1) a randomized clinical trial conducted at the beginning of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for women with breast cancer treated at a reference oncology center in Brazil and followed until the end of the radiotherapy period, at least, which aimed to evaluate the effect of early nutritional intervention on adverse clinical events in women with breast cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy; 2) a cohort study with retrospective data collection, which aimed to investigate the relationship between body composition derived from computed tomography and mortality rates among young women recently diagnosed with breast cancer, identifying the best correlated cutoff value. According to the results obtained in the first study (n=34), early nutritional intervention was associated with low gastrointestinal chemotoxicity (nausea, vomiting and constipation, p < 0.001, p < 0.048 and p < 0.024, respectively). However, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups (Control Group - CG and Intervention Group - IG) in the presence of long-term adverse events (radiotherapy toxicity - 88.2% vs 76.9%, weight loss - 21.1% vs 26.7% for IG and CG, respectively, p > 0.05 for both). The results of the second study (n = 192) showed that overall mortality occurred in 12% of women. Stages III-IV were the most frequent (69.5%) and patients who died had a significantly lower muscle area index. Muscle area assessed by computed tomography was inversely associated with mortality and each 1 cm2/m2 reduction in the skeletal muscle index increased the risk of mortality by 9%. Higher values of adiposity compartments were independently associated with higher mortality. The findings of this doctoral thesis reinforce that early nutritional intervention was associated with a low frequency of early events, but not with long-term adverse events in women with breast cancer during treatment. In addition, they highlight the predictive significance of skeletal muscle area and adipose tissue in predicting survival among young women newly diagnosed with breast cancer.

COMMITTEE MEMBERS:
Externo à Instituição - ALEXANDRE COELHO SERQUIZ - UFPB
Presidente - 1879430 - ANA PAULA TRUSSARDI FAYH
Interno - 2682821 - EDUARDO CALDAS COSTA
Externa à Instituição - FLÁVIA MORAES SILVA - UFCSPA
Externa ao Programa - 1452705 - SEVERINA CARLA VIEIRA CUNHA LIMA - null