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Keywords: capitania de Mato Grosso, sesmarias, law, property.
This dissertation aims to understand the various forms of land access in the capitania de Mato Grosso throughout the 18th century, more specifically in the border regions with the Spanish Crown, and above all the social relations that were built by social groups in order to establish family ties, but also to secure their possessions. In this sense, it was observed that the capitania de Mato Grosso, being considered a territory of importance within the strategies of counterposition to the advances of the Spaniards, had as its first institutionalization measures of this space the land ordering through the granting of sesmarias. To this end, as a way of obtaining this favor, many individuals resorted to the use of arguments that could favor them in some way, either by attributing previous deeds, such as the time of occupation of the requested land, and even using legal elements linked to the "common good" and "utility". In this way, it can be seen that the context of the numerous disputes with the Spaniards was interconnected with these processes of concessions, since the notion of ensuring colonial dominion also permeated the utility of possession. In addition, the significant presence of arguments from the authorities in these processes had a fundamental weight in the final decisions for the granting of sesmarias, which could indicate a relative autonomy within the scope of justice. Therefore, to understand these internal and external dynamics, the prosopographic methodology and the crossing of the documentary sets of the Vila Bela and Cuiaba Chamber, as well as the Sesmarias Collection, available at the Public Archive of the State of Mato Grosso (APMT), and the consultations made to the Conselho Ultramarino, available at the Historical Overseas Archive (AHU), were used.