DEVELOPMENT IS FOR EVERYONE: public policies and affirmative actions in higher education from a racial perspective
Racial equality. Right to education. Democratic State of Law. Development. Public policies.
The objective of this dissertation is to analyze how affirmative policies with a focus on race can promote development in Brazil, from a democratic perspective and as tools to combat structural and institutional racism. The aim here is to assess the scope of development, from the perspective of the Constitution of 1988, as well as the relevance of affirmative actions for the implementation of constitutional guidelines, considering that Brazil is a country whose majority of the population is black, and despite Law No. 12,711/2012 having instituted racial quotas in the context of federal higher education, there is still a deep inequality between black and white students in university courses. Thus, it is an exploratory research carried out through literature review and analysis of quantitative data, using the dialectical historical materialist method. This work is divided into three chapters, and the first exposes the socio-historical and legal context of races during the formation of Brazil as a nation, and how this issue determined the situation of racial inequality, constituting a structural racism in Brazilian society. The second chapter discusses development theories and the importance of a racial perspective in the elaboration and execution of development projects, aiming to promote racial equality as one of the objectives of the Brazilian Federative Republic. Finally, the third chapter analyzes public policies and the role of the Democratic State of Law in the inclusion of black men and women in higher education, in the pursuit of a more egalitarian, righteous and democratic society, as foreseen by the current Constitution.