THE RIGHT TO JUDGMENT WITH THE REASONABLE DURATION OF THE PROCESS IN THE AMBIT OF THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE: A STUDY IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE CONSTITUCIONAL DEMOCRATIC STATE
Criminal Justice. Fundamental rights. Reasonable duration. Procedural celerity.
The present research has the objective to investigate the fundamental law to judgment within a reasonable time or the finitude of process – included the law to reasonable time process and the law to procedural celerity – within the ambit of Criminal Justice, from the perspective of the Constitutional Theory of Criminal Procedure, Fundamental Rights Theory and Democratic Constitutional State. In development, seeks to rescue the arise of Criminal Law and the historical limiting function exercised by the penal principle under the State’s punitive power. Definitions related to time and its relation to process are presented, in order to construct a legal concept for the reasonable duration of the process and for procedural celerity in harmony with other fundamental rights and guarantees and in compatibility with the Constitutional Democratic State. It is evident that a maximum time (limit) is established by law for the duration of the process as an indispensable condition for effectuates the right to judgment within a reasonable period. Without forgetting of decriminalizing and liberating politics and the important function that the National Council of Justice plays in the search for a celerity Criminal Justice, especially in the elaboration of judicial management policies capable of promoting agility, speed, efficiency and technological modernization. This reflection reveals that in order to guarantee the right to judgment within a reasonable time and promote the reduction of Criminal Justice processes and its recognition as an effective institution, it is necessary both to regulate a maximum period for the existence of the process and to continue implementing policies to improve and modernize the system.