Banca de DEFESA: MYCHELLE KYTCHIA RODRIGUES NUNES DUARTE

Uma banca de DEFESA de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : MYCHELLE KYTCHIA RODRIGUES NUNES DUARTE
DATE: 28/06/2024
TIME: 09:00
LOCAL: Videoconferência
TITLE:

NUTRIGENETIC TESTS: POSSIBLE APPLICATIONS IN THE PREVENTION AND TRE-
ATMENT OF OBESITY

KEY WORDS:

Polymorphisms, obesity risk, nutrigenetics, personalized nutrition, direct-to-consumer tes-
ting

PAGES: 85
BIG AREA: Ciências Biológicas
AREA: Bioquímica
SUMMARY:

Obesity is a complex disease and mostly polygenic disease. In this context, several trea-
tments are listed to mitigate it and nutritional genomics has been gaining prominence with
possible tools to assist in the prevention and/or treatment of obesity with nutrigenetic testing
(NT) . Therefore, this thesis is divided into two chapters, aiming to evaluate whether NT can
be used to prevent and/or treat obesity. In the first chapter, a narrative review was carried
out to understand the current panorama of obesity and NT, covering the themes of precision
nutrition, exposome, genetic testing sold directly to the consumer. The benefits and nega-
tive aspects of using NT as a tool to help prevent or treat overweight and obesity were
analyzed. Some entities, such as the Brazilian Association for the Study of Obesity and
Metabolic Syndrome (ABESO) are against the use of NT for obesity. The Academy of Nu-
trition and Dietetics recommends its use, however not in isolation, but within a context of
well-conducted anamnesis. Therefore, NT should not be used alone in the treatment of
obesity, but always associated with a good anamnesis for the individualized treatment of
obesity or at a public health level. In the second chapter, a retrospective study was carried
out, evaluating the relationship of 29 candidate gene SNP related to obesity. Thus, 112
individuals were divided into two groups: 64 eutrophic (BMI< 25 kg/m²) and 48 overweight
and obese (BMI≥ 25 g/m²). It was verified that the population was in Hardy–Weinberg equi-
librium and a multivariate logistic analysis was performed to verify whether the SNP were
associated with overweight and obesity. In this analysis, it was found that of the 29 SNP
found in NT marketed in Brazil, only ADIPOQ rs17300539, PPARG rs1801282 were asso-
ciated with overweight and obesity, while SOD rs4880 was related to protection against
overweight and obesity. Thus, it was shown that more studies are needed to validate which
SNP are related to overweight and obesity in the Brazilian population. Furthermore, lifestyle
analysis must be added, as these factors can epigenetically alter gene expression and im-
pact the phenotype.

COMMITTEE MEMBERS:
Externa à Instituição - ANNETE BRESSAN RENTE FERREIRA MARUM
Interno - 2195251 - HUGO ALEXANDRE DE OLIVEIRA ROCHA
Presidente - 1149647 - LUCYMARA FASSARELLA AGNEZ LIMA
Externo à Instituição - TATIANE MIEKO DE MENESES FUJII - USP
Interna - 1674709 - VIVIANE SOUZA DO AMARAL