Neonatal Outcomes of Pregnant Women with Pre-Eclampsia
Preeclampsia; neonatal outcomes; maternal outcomes.
Introduction: Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-specific disease that develops from the 20th week of gestation characterized by increased blood pressure (≥ 140 x 90 mmHg) accompanied by proteinuria and/or target organ dysfunction. PE is associated with both maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality, being the main cause of elective prematurity in Brazil. Neonatal outcomes commonly related to PE are prematurity, low birth weight, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), sepsis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and intraventricular hemorrhage. Objective: To evaluate neonatal outcomes, clinical, ultrasound, biochemical and hematological parameters of pregnant women with early and late PE. Method: This is a longitudinal, observational and prospective study in which 32 pregnant women diagnosed with PE, as well as their respective neonates, were allocated in two groups: early PE (n=21) and late PE (n=11). For the evaluation of biochemical and hematological parameters, fasting blood samples were collected from pregnant women. Maternal and neonatal data were also obtained from electronic medical records. Results: The early PE group had the lowest number of prenatal consultations (p = 0.032), higher values of maternal diastolic blood pressure at admission (p = 0.049) and maternal urea (p = 0.029), as well as lower gestational age (p = 0.004) and birth weight (p = 0.021), higher rate of admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (p < 0.001), sepsis (p = 0.014), SDR (p = 0.003) and need for ventilatory support (p = 0.027). Conclusion: Early pre-eclampsia has an important impact on neonatal outcomes.