PRÁXICODE: GUIDELINES FOR NATURAL SCIENCES TEACHERS
Práxicode; Computational Thinking; Block-Based Programming; Scratch; Anthropological Theory of the Didactic; Natural Sciences Education.
Block-based programming constitutes a possibility for bringing computational language closer to the teaching of Natural Sciences, enabling the construction of representations, simulations, and models of scientific phenomena in accessible digital environments. In the educational context, Computational Thinking can contribute to problem solving, the organization of procedures, and the construction of algorithms, particularly when articulated with the specific knowledge of different areas. In this dissertation, we investigate the possibilities of articulating block-based programming, Computational Thinking, and the teaching of Natural Sciences, based on the Anthropological Theory of the Didactic (ATD) and focusing on the thematic unit Matter and Energy in the final years of Elementary Education. ATD makes it possible to analyze human activities through praxeological organizations, constituted by the relationships among tasks, techniques, technologies, and theories, providing elements for understanding how scientific knowledge can be organized and explored in teaching situations. Thus, we aimed to develop and analyze an educational product that articulates these theoretical references with block-based programming, using Scratch as an environment for modeling and experimentation. Named Práxicode, the product was developed in the form of an e-book and designed for the education of Natural Sciences teachers, presenting activities that begin with everyday situations and human activities in order to establish relationships with scientific concepts and enable their exploration through block-based programming. The research is characterized as applied in nature, exploratory and longitudinal in character, with a qualitative approach and a narrative research procedure, involving pre-service teachers participating in the Interdisciplinary Natural Sciences Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID) at the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN). The product will be evaluated through initial and final questionnaires and records produced during the facilitation of an extension course, seeking to understand participants' perceptions, their prior knowledge, and the contributions and possibilities of using Práxicode in teacher education.