EVALUATION OF THE PERCEPTION OF DENTOGINGIVAL AESTHETICS BY DIFFERENT DENTAL SPECIALTIES: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN THE BRAZILIAN CONTEXT
knowledge; attitudes; health; dental aesthetics; gums.
The growing demand for aesthetic treatments requires harmony between teeth ("white aesthetics") and gingiva ("pink aesthetics"). However, the perception of these parameters is subjective and can vary among dental specialties, which poses a challenge for interdisciplinary treatment planning. This study investigated the objective knowledge and the perceived importance of dentogengival aesthetic parameters among specialists in orthodontics, periodontics, prosthodontics, and restorative dentistry in Brazil. This observational, cross-sectional, quantitative study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (CAAE 93859825.9.0000.5537) and applied a cross-culturally adapted and validated 20-item online questionnaire, distributed through snowball sampling. A total of 284 dentists participated (orthodontics, n = 86; periodontics, n = 73; prosthodontics, n = 67; restorative dentistry, n = 58). Objective knowledge performance was heterogeneous: only 48.2% of participants correctly identified the ideal position of the central incisor gingival zenith, with orthodontists showing the lowest accuracy (30.2%) and periodontists the highest (69.9%; p < 0.001), whereas 92.6% correctly identified the relative gingival margin levels. The ideal tooth proportion ratio (50:40:30) and the midline deviation perceptible to laypeople showed the greatest knowledge gaps, with only 41.2% and 7.4% correct answers, respectively. Regarding overall knowledge scores, 42.3% of participants showed low performance and only 8.1% high performance, with no statistically significant difference among specialties. Regarding attitudes, dentogengival aesthetics was highly valued across all groups, with no relevant differences among them. These findings reveal gaps in normative knowledge, particularly among orthodontists, reinforcing the need for more interdisciplinary dental education.