Portal de Programas de Pós-Graduação (UFRN)

SIGAA - Sistema Integrado de Gestão de Atividades Acadêmicas

PPGCO PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS ODONTOLÓGICAS CENTRO DE CIÊNCIAS DA SAÚDE Phone: (84) 3342-2341/610 E-mail: ppgco@ccs.ufrn.br https://posgraduacao.ufrn.br/ppgco

Dissertations/Thesis

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2025

	Thesis
1	NATÁLIA TEIXEIRA DA SILVA Evaluation of repair of apical periodontitis induced in rats after adjuvant treatment with antimicrobial photodynamic therapy, probiotic therapy and associations Advisor : AURIGENA ANTUNES DE ARAUJO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : AURIGENA ANTUNES DE ARAUJO FRANCISCO LEONARDO DA SILVA JUNIOR FABIO ROBERTO DAMETTO ESDRAS GABRIEL ALVES E SILVA FABIANNA DA CONCEICAO DANTAS DE MEDEIROS Data: Jan 31, 2025 Show Abstract Apical periodontitis (AP) is a biofilm-mediated disease, therefore an antimicrobial approach is essential to cure or prevent its development. Achieving maximum reduction of intracanal microbial load is the main objective of conventional endodontic treatment, through the action of chemical-mechanical preparation (CMP). However, such therapy has its limitations and may sometimes not achieve a satisfactory standard of control and elimination of the infection and, in this sense, adjuvant therapies have been suggested. The objective of this study was to evaluate, in vivo, the effect of Lactobacillus casei and Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (APDT) as an adjuvant to conventional endodontic treatment on the apical tissues of teeth of rats with experimentally induced apical periodontitis by biochemical analysis and bone loss. This is a preclinical, in vivo, randomized, early, placebo-controlled trial consisting of 30 male Wistar rats randomly divided into 5 groups of six animals, two controls and three experimental groups: 1) CN; 2) PA; 3) PA + Prob + PQM; 4) PA + PQM + TFDA; 5) PA + Prob + PQM + TFDA. PA was induced by pulp exposure in all animals. Daily, Lactobacillus casei 109 CFU was administered to the GProb and GProb+TFDA groups through gavage for 30 days, the other groups received saline solution as placebo. TFDA was performed with 0.01% methylene blue for 5 minutes of pre-irradiation, then the laser with a wavelength of 660 nm was applied for 90 seconds, totaling 9 J. After 30 days for the control groups and 60 days for the other groups, the animals were euthanized. The biochemical results showed that calcium and alkaline phosphatase levels remained within normal parameters in all groups. Regarding µCT, the axial analysis showed that the GProbTFDA group presented a significant increase in the BV/TV ratio and a decrease in the percentages of total porosity and open pores in relation to GPA (p<0.05), and the sagittal analysis revealed no significant difference between the GProbTFDA experimental groups (0.094 + 0.005) in relation to GPA (0.1164 + 0.066), (p>0.05). Therefore, as an adjuvant, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in association with probiotic therapy demonstrated more effective anti-bone loss activity when compared to the other groups against apical periodontitis.
2	MAURÍLIA RAQUEL DE SOUTO MEDEIROS ASSOCIATION OF THE PI3K/AKT/mTOR/NF-κB PATHWAY WITH CELLULAR CANNIBALISM IN GIANT CELL LESION: AN IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL STUDY Advisor : ERICKA JANINE DANTAS DA SILVEIRA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ERICKA JANINE DANTAS DA SILVEIRA LELIA MARIA GUEDES QUEIROZ MANUEL ANTONIO GORDON NUNEZ MARCIA CRISTINA DA COSTA MIGUEL RANI IANI COSTA GONÇALO Data: Mar 28, 2025 Show Abstract The maxillofacial region can be affected by giant cell lesions (GCLs) that exhibit distinct clinical behavior and nature. Among them, central giant cell granulooma (CGCG) is a benign, sometimes osteolytic and destructive lesion composed of osteoclast-like giant cells, some of which are cannibalistic, along with mononuclear cells. The mechanisms associated with the different biological behaviors of these lesions remain incompletely understood. In this context, this dissertation aimed to investigate the clinical, radiographic, genomic, and proteomic profiles of giant cell lesions of the maxillofacial bones, as well as to determine whether the PI3K/mTOR pathway is involved in their pathogenesis. To achieve this, an occurrence study was conducted, encompassing all cases presenting giant cells in their morphology diagnosed at the Oral Pathology Service of the Department of Dentistry at the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte between 1970 and 2023. It was identified that the peripheral gian cell granuloma (PGCG) was the most prevalent (n = 169), followed by CGCG (n = 104). To identify the molecular alterations present in CGCG, a scoping review was conducted, which, among other findings, highlighted that the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway may play a role in the pathogenesis of CGCG. Accordingly, through an immunohistochemical study, we analyzed the influence of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway on the biological behavior of PGCL, CGCG (both aggressive and non-aggressive), and giant cell tumor (GCT) of long bones. Our findings indicated that mTOR and PTEN do not appear to influence the differences in biological behavior observed among these lesions. Additionally, it was identified that p-S6 expression influences the biological behavior of GCLs independently of mTOR.

2024

	Dissertations
1	KELVE DE ALMEIDA SANTOS Tooth loss: associated factors and impact on the quality of life of aged living in rural areas. Advisor : KENIO COSTA DE LIMA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : GUSTAVO PINA GODOY KENIO COSTA DE LIMA LAERCIO ALMEIDA DE MELO Data: Jan 30, 2024 Show Abstract The oral health of aged living in rural areas is considered more compromised than those who live in urban areas. The reflection of this situation may be a high impact related to quality of life in oral health. In this sense, the aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of tooth loss - expressed by edentulism, functional edentulism, pairs in occlusion, functional teeth and residual roots -, the associated factors and impact on quality of life in aged living in rural areas. To this, a sample of 239 elderly people was evaluated, based on a draw with the lists of aged from each Basic Health Unit in the rural area of the municipality of São Bento/PB. Individuals were clinically examined for tooth loss and oral health quality of life was assessed by the GOHAI. Data analysis was performed using the chi-square test and robust Poisson regression for a significance level of 5%. Tooth loss in elderly people living in rural areas represented by edentulism was 48.8% (95% CI 42.2 – 55.5%), functional edentulism was 95.3% (95% CI 95.0 – 98. 1%), no pair in occlusion of 82.6% (95% CI 77.5 – 87.7%), few – less than 5 – functional teeth of 68.5% (95% CI 62.2 – 74, 7%) and a high number of residual roots of 14.6% (95% CI 9.9 – 19.3%). The factors associated with edentulism, representing tooth loss, were female gender (PR = 1.15), assessment of oral health as good or very good (PR = 1.18), oral hygiene performed with individual preventive methods or just water (PR = 1.32), polypharmacy (PR = 1.12) and last dentist appointment more than 3 years ago (PR = 1.09). There was no association between tooth loss and the impact on oral health quality of life. It is concluded that tooth loss in elderly people living in rural areas was high, as was the low functionality of the teeth present and the lack of oral health care for this population, evidenced by the large presence of residual roots, which they were associated with variables of various dimensions, namely sociodemographic (gender), self-perception of oral health, health conditions (polypharmacy), and oral health care. Also noteworthy is the lack of impact of major tooth loss on quality of life in oral health.
2	ANA PATRÍCIA DE FREITAS LOPES Prevalence of Candida sp. in the oral environment and associated factors in bedridden and homebound aged Advisor : KENIO COSTA DE LIMA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : KENIO COSTA DE LIMA VANIA SOUSA ANDRADE YAN NOGUEIRA LEITE DE FREITAS Data: Jan 31, 2024 Show Abstract With the increase in life expectancy, it is expected that more and more elderly people will be housebound and bedridden. In this context, the oral environment also suffers consequences, as Candida albicans and many other Candida species are part of the supplementary microbiota, when the host's immune system is compromised, these fungi can cause candidosis. Thus, knowing that timely diagnosis can prevent the progression of the infection, this study analyzed the prevalence of Candida sp. and associated factors in bedridden and homebound elderly people. A sample of 263 elderly people was evaluated, who were clinically examined and saliva samples were collected and analyzed to diagnose the presence of yeast. Data analysis was carried out based on the presence or absence of Candida sp. species, and associated factors were determined using the Chi-square test and robust Poisson regression for a confidence level of 95%. Candida sp. was present in 63.1% volunteers (95% CI 57.3-68.9), highlighting the species C. albicans in 44.5%, C. tropicalis in 19%, C. krusei in 17.5% and C glabrata in 12.5%. The variables that were associated with the presence of Candida sp. were candidosis (PR = 1,32), lack of frequent visits by the community health agent (PR = 1,13) and polypharmacy (PR = 1,14). It is concluded that the prevalence of Candida sp. in the oral environment of bedridden and homebound elderly people was high and that the excessive use of medications, lack of care on the part of the health system and the clinical manifestation of the excessive presence of the yeast Candida sp., especially Candida albicans, were decisive for the presence of this yeast in the oral environment of these people elderly.
3	CAROLINE MEDEIROS LAFFITTE EFFECT OF NUTRITIONAL CONDITION AND PHOTOBIOMODULATION PROTOCOL ON THE IN VITRO VIABILITY AND PROLIFERATION OF MURINE PRE-OSTEOBLASTIC CELLS Advisor : CARLOS AUGUSTO GALVAO BARBOZA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : CARLOS AUGUSTO GALVAO BARBOZA MARCIA CRISTINA DA COSTA MIGUEL CARLOS EDUARDO BEZERRA DE MOURA Data: May 31, 2024 Show Abstract Low-level laser irradiation (LLLI) has been used to stimulate in vitro proliferation in various cell types. However, certain aspects of experimental protocols, particularly those related to cell culture and irradiation protocols, still require standardization. This study aimed to assess the impact of nutritional conditions and irradiation parameters on the viability and proliferation of murine pre-osteoblasts. Cells from the MC3T3-E1 lineage were plated under normal cultivation conditions (αMEM medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum) or nutritional deprivation (αMEM medium without serum) and they were then either irradiated or kept as controls. The InGaAlP diode laser was used at wavelengths of 660 nm (red) or 790 nm (infrared), with doses of 1, 4, or 6 J/cm², in a single dose in continuous mode of action. Cell viability and proliferation were evaluated at 24, 48, and 72 h post-irradiation, using the Alamar blue reduction assay. Additionally, the cell cycle and events related to cell death were assessed through propidium iodide (PI) labeling and Annexin V/PI assay, respectively, using flow cytometry. Results of Alamar blue assay showed that cells cultured under normal nutrition (10% FBS) showed no significant difference (p>0.05) in cell viability and proliferation across different irradiation protocols. However, under nutritional deprivation (without FBS), the infrared laser at a dose of 6 J/cm² significantly increased (p<0.05) cell viability and proliferation compared to the control group within 72 hours. These findings were confirmed by assays evaluating the cell cycle and cell death events (Annexin V/PI). Taken together, these results suggest that in vitro photobiomodulation leads to more consistent outcomes in bone cells exposed to stress conditions. Consequently, it is crucial to accurately simulate these conditions in studies involving laser therapy with in vitro models of bone diseases and in experiments related to photobiomodulation for bone tissue engineering.
4	MARIANA SILVA DE BESSA VIOLET LIGHT IRRADIATION ASSOCIATED WITH CARBAMIDE PEROXIDE FOR IN-OFFICE TOOTH BLEACHING: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS Advisor : BONIEK CASTILLO DUTRA BORGES COMMITTEE MEMBERS : BONIEK CASTILLO DUTRA BORGES ISAUREMI VIEIRA DE ASSUNCAO RODOLFO XAVIER DE SOUSA LIMA Data: Jul 25, 2024 Show Abstract Introduction: Violet light irradiation has been proposed to enhance the in-office bleaching effect of carbamide peroxide. However, a systematic review and meta-analysis are needed to summarize the evidence and guide clinical recommendations. The objective of this study was to evaluate, through a systematic review and meta-analysis, whether in-office irradiation of carbamide peroxide with violet light can improve the effect of tooth whitening without increasing sensitivity. Methodology: The searches for studies were conducted in the databases PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and grey literature. Two independent and calibrated examiners (Kappa: 0.88) performed all systematic steps according to the PRISMA protocol. To assess the risk of bias, the RoB2 tool was used. GRADE was used to analyze the certainty of evidence. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software to evaluate tooth color change and tooth sensitivity to bleaching. The former was assessed by mean difference (MD) and the latter by risk difference (RD). Results: Three randomized clinical trials were included. A statistically significant difference was found for color change favoring the application of violet light combined with carbamide peroxide (MD 3.35; 95%, 0.80, 5.89), while no difference between groups was found for tooth sensitivity to bleaching (RD 0.09; 95%, -0.03, 0.21). Conclusion: Violet light irradiation enhanced the in-office bleaching effect of carbamide peroxide without increasing sensitivity. However, the results regarding bleaching sensitivity should be interpreted with caution due to the moderate certainty of the evidence.
5	LUISA MADEIRA LEMOS IMPACT OF NEW COMPLETE DENTURE REHABILITATION ON THE FACIAL PARAMETERS OF EDENTULOUS PATIENTS: A 3D STEREOPHOTOGRAMMETRY STUDY Advisor : ADRIANA DA FONTE PORTO CARREIRO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ADRIANA DA FONTE PORTO CARREIRO ARCELINO FARIAS NETO MARIANA BARBOSA CÂMARA DE SOUZA Data: Jul 30, 2024 Show Abstract This clinical trial aimed to evaluate the changes in soft tissue facial parameters in completely edentulous patients before and after rehabilitation with new prostheses, using three-dimensional stereophotogrammetric image analysis of the patient's face over a one-year follow-up period. A total of 28 edentulous patients were rehabilitated with new complete dentures. Calibrated and stereoscopic images of the patient's face were captured without prostheses (WP), with old prostheses (OP), and with new prostheses (NP) using a passive stereoscopic digital camera LifeViz Mini (Nikon D5600 body, Dermapix software, Quantificare S.A., 06410 Biot, France). The images were then analyzed using the Quantificare 3D Viewer software (Quantificare S.A., 06410 Biot, France) at the time of prosthesis installation. Image capture and analysis were also performed after one year in the edentulous condition (WP-1) and with the new prostheses (NP-1). Patient perception of their facial appearance before and after the installation of new prostheses was measured using the adapted Orofacial Esthetic Scale (OES) questionnaire. Patients were asked if they were interested in undergoing facial harmonization procedures to improve their facial appearance with old and new prostheses. Data normality was determined using the Shapiro-Wilk test. Paired T-test or Wilcoxon test was applied for linear and angular evaluations of facial parameters, and patient perception of facial appearance was analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. The Chi-square test was used to verify the association between patients' interest in facial harmonization procedures with old and new prostheses. Statistical tests were conducted considering a significance level of 5% and a test power of 80%. The majority of the study sample consisted of women (n=21; 75%). The mean age of the patients was 65.89±8.61 years, and the mean duration of edentulism in the maxilla and mandible was 27.96±13.85 years and 26.68±14.81 years, respectively. Facial parameters between WP-OP showed significant differences in 7 out of 13 linear measurements, while comparisons between OP-NP and WP-NP evidenced 10 and 11 changes in the facial lengths of the middle and lower thirds of the face, respectively. The absence of prostheses resulted in a significant retraction of the upper (Ls-(Prn-Pg)) and lower lips (Li-(Prn-Pg)) relative to the facial profile, contributing to the collapse of the middle and lower thirds of the face (p<0.001). For angular measurements, rehabilitation with new prostheses significantly improved facial parameters compared to the edentulous condition and old prostheses, contributing to an increase in the convexity of the patient's facial profile [G-Sn-Pg, p<0.05)]. For comparisons between baseline (WP) and one-year follow-up in the edentulous condition (WP-1), the median height of the upper portion of the lower third (N-St) significantly increased (p=0.020), while the mean angle of the lower lip decreased (p=0.001). Regarding measurements with new prostheses between the installation time (NP) and one year of use (NP-1), 2 measurements decreased (Prn-St and N-Prn-Cm) and 3 measurements increased (Ls-(Prn-Pg)), (Li-(Prn-Pg)), and Li-Sm-Pg), with these differences being significant (p<0.05). Patient perception of facial appearance was satisfactory with the use of prostheses compared to the edentulous status, with these results being more pronounced after rehabilitation with new prostheses (p<0.001). These findings were maintained after one year, despite no significant difference being evidenced (p>0.05). Although no significant association was found, interest in undergoing facial harmonization procedures decreased by 53% after rehabilitation with new prostheses (p=0.226) and increased by 23% for the one-year follow-up analysis (p=0.744). In conclusion, edentulism and old prostheses with prolonged use alter the facial parameters of the middle-lower third of the face. Rehabilitation with new prostheses can restore tissue support and alter the proportions of the facial profile of completely edentulous patients, reducing the collapse of the tissues in the lower third of facial aesthetics. Soft tissue facial parameters after rehabilitation with new prostheses were maintained after one year of follow-up, except for the superior facial height and labial projection and nasolabial angle, which decreased, and the lower labial projection and angle, which significantly increased. Patient perception of facial appearance was significantly satisfactory when comparing the edentulous condition and/or old prostheses with the use of new prostheses, and these results were maintained after one year of follow-up. Rehabilitation with new prostheses did not influence the interest in facial harmonization, indicating that conventional prostheses improve facial aesthetics and meet patient expectations regarding the harmonious appearance of the facial profile.
6	CARLOS EDUARDO DE PAIVA CAMPOS NOGUEIRA SIMÃO EVALUATION OF THE SHEAR BOND STRENGTH AND DEGREE OF CONVERSION OF COMPOSITE RESINS USED TO MANUFACTURE ORTHODONTIC ATTACHMENTS SUBMITTED TO DIFFERENT LIGHT-CURING PROTOCOLS Advisor : SERGEI GODEIRO FERNANDES RABELO CALDAS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : SERGEI GODEIRO FERNANDES RABELO CALDAS ALEXANDRE ANTONIO RIBEIRO MARCUS VINICIUS NEIVA NUNES DO REGO Data: Jul 30, 2024 Show Abstract Introduction: Fracture or fall of attachments can cause delays in orthodontic treatment, causing loss of effectiveness of planned movement and/or tracking of the aligner. Objective: To evaluate the shear bond strength and degree of conversion of resins used to manufacture orthodontic attachments subjected to different photopolymerization protocols. Methodology: The study sample consisted of 120 bovine lower incisors embedded in acrylic resin and used as a base for making rectangular attachments measuring 03 mm in length, 1.5 mm in width and 1 mm in height. The sample was divided equally into 03 groups corresponding to the resins Opallis Flow®️, GrandioSO Heavy Flow®️ and Supreme Flowable Restorative®️. These groups were subdivided into 04 groups (n=10) according to the polymerization time: 03 seconds (3.200 mW/cm2), 06 seconds (3.200 mW/cm2), 20 seconds (1.000 mW/cm2) and 40 seconds (1.000 mW/cm2). After installing the attachments, the specimens were subjected to shear testing in a universal testing machine (Oswaldo Filizola, Sao Paulo, Brazil), model AME5k, using a 5kN load cell until fracture occurred. For the conversion degree (GC) test, 60 composite resin specimens were prepared in the shape of rectangular attachments with the same dimensions as the shear test, divided into 03 groups (n=20) according to the aforementioned resins and subdivided into 04 groups (n=05) in relation to the polymerization times studied. The GC was analyzed after 24h of polymerization of the specimens using FT-IR infrared spectroscopy analysis (Perkin Elmer, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA). The data were statistically analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-test. Results: statistical tests indicated that there was a statistical difference for the resin factor (p<.001) and polymerization time (p<.001) with interaction between the factors (p<.001) in relation to shear bond strength. Regarding the degree of conversion, there was a statistical difference for the resin factor (p=.024) and polymerization time (p=.020) with no interaction between the factors. Conclusion: The nanoparticle resin (Supreme Flowable Restorative®) and the longer polymerization time (40 seconds) showed better mechanical performance in the shear bond strength test and a higher degree of conversion.
7	ANDRÉ LUIS ALVES BORGES IMMUNOEXPRESSION OF MMP - 2, MMP - 9 AND IL-1 IN RADICULAR CYST AND PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA Advisor : HEBEL CAVALCANTI GALVAO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : HEBEL CAVALCANTI GALVAO ROSEANA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS MARIA ÂNGELA ARÊA LEÃO FERRAZ Data: Jul 31, 2024 Show Abstract Periapical granulomas and radicular cysts are common lesions involving the tooth-supporting tissues, resulting from pulp necrosis. They are mostly caused by microorganisms following the disruption of a tooth's external surface, exposing dentin, allowing intracanal microbiota irritants to transit to the periapex, where an initial inflammatory reaction is triggered to prevent the spread of the infectious process to the alveolar bone. Defense mechanisms include inflammatory and resorptive events, involving proteins that play a significant role in bone resorption, such as interleukins and matrix metalloproteinases. These processes highlight the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1) in macrophages and other cells, in addition to matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), enzymes that are vital in physiological processes like tissue morphogenesis, repair, remodeling, and wound healing, but are also involved in extracellular matrix remodeling and maintenance of periapical lesions. In this context, this study aimed to semiquantitatively evaluate the immunoexpression of IL-1, MMP-2, and MMP-9, aiming to correlate them with clinical-radiographic profiles, measuring lesion area, perimeter, and their major diameters in mesiodistal and superoinferior dimensions, as well as bone remodeling in periapical lesions. The sample consisted of 26 RCs and 8 GPs, and the lesions were categorized into groups distinguished by the presence or absence of a radiopaque halo. The results demonstrated a statistically significant difference in the correlation of IL-1 and MMP-9 immunoexpression scores in the group with a sclerotic halo present (p = 0.009), but not among lesions without the halo (p = 0.080). Furthermore, although there was no statistically significant association when individually relating each biomarker to the studied lesions, IL-1 immunoexpression in lesions with a larger area (>153 mm²) was indicated by the mean ranks (p = 0.063). Thus, it is suggested that IL-1 and MMP-9 participate in the maintenance of periapical lesions with a sclerotic halo through bone remodeling, contributing to persistent inflammation and bone resorption.
8	RAFAELA MEDEIROS DARC ANALYSIS OF IMMUNOEXPRESSION OF M1 AND M2 MACROPHAGES IN SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMAS OF THE LOWER LIP AND ORAL TONGUE Advisor : ROSEANA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : HEBEL CAVALCANTI GALVAO MANUEL ANTONIO GORDON NUNEZ ROSEANA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS Data: Sep 30, 2024 Show Abstract Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignant neoplasm in the mouth, accounting for more than 90% of cancers in this region. It is more common in the lower lip and oral tongue, which commonly show distinct biological behavior, tending to be less aggressive with a higher survival rate and lower risk of metastasis when it affects the lower lip, when compared to carcinomas in the oral tongue, which exhibit more aggressive progression and an unfavorable prognosis.Therefore, it is important to search for markers that can indicate these differences and, in this sense, some studies have analyzed the role of macrophages associated with tumors that can present different phenotypes, with the M1 phenotype being represented by immune effector cells capable of destroying neoplastic cells and the M2 phenotype having the ability to suppress the function of M1 macrophages, influencing angiogenesis and tissue repair. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of macrophage subpopulations in squamous cell carcinomas located in the oral tongue (OTSCC) and lower lip (LLSCC), investigating possible associations with histopathological characteristics.Twenty-four cases of OTSCC and 25 of LLSCC were selected. The morphological study classified them using the grading system proposed by the WHO (2005) and categorized them as poorly, moderately and well differentiated. The immunoexpression of antibodies was analyzed semiquantitatively. The study showed greater involvement in adult men for both locations. The morphological analysis indicated a predominance of the well differentiated grading for both locations. According to the immunohistochemical analysis, the immunopositivity scores for CD68 were significantly higher in the cases of LLSCC (p<0.005).The immunopositivity scores for CD68 and CD163 did not show statistically significant differences in relation to the histopathological grade of malignancy of SCC for both locations (p>0.05). The results of this study indicate no differences between macrophage subpopulations and the degree of histological differentiation of SCC; however, they indicate a better host response in LLSCC, with a predominance of the M1 subtype of macrophages, which may partly explain the less aggressive behavior in this location compared to the oral tongue.
9	BÁRBARA DE ASSIS ARAÚJO IMMUNOEXPRESSION OF PD-1 AND PD-L1 PROTEINS IN ORAL LICHEN PLANUS Advisor : HEBEL CAVALCANTI GALVAO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : HEBEL CAVALCANTI GALVAO MANUEL ANTONIO GORDON NUNEZ ROSEANA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS Data: Sep 30, 2024 Show Abstract O líquen plano oral (LPO) é uma doença imunomediada, de caráter crônico, caracterizada pelo dano a integridade do epitélio oral, resultando em morte celular dos ceratinócitos orais da membrana basal como resultado da infiltração e ação de linfócitos T sobre essas células. Apresenta-se clinicamente de diversas formas, com sinais e sintomas variados, podendo afetar consideravelmente a qualidade de vida dos indivíduos que são acometidos. A etiopatogênese desta doença ainda é pouco compreendida, no entanto a maioria dos autores relata a provável associação com eventos de autoimunidade. Nessa perspectiva, estudos recentes apontam ou especulam o envolvimento das proteínas PD-1 e PD-L1 na etiopatogênese desta doença, bem como na sua influência diante do desfecho clínico em pacientes com LPO. Com isso, este estudo tem por objetivo analisar a imunoexpressão das proteínas PD-1 e PD-L1 em 37 casos de LPO, buscando correlacionar com as características clínicopatológicas dessa lesão. Os resultados revelaram imunoexpressão de PD-1 e PD-L1 predominantemente positiva na maioria dos casos analisados, a qual foi observada nos ceratinócitos (PD-L1) e nas células inflamatórias presentes no tecido conjuntivo (PD-1 e PD-L1). Os grupos de LPO reticular e erosivo não diferiram significativamente quanto aos escores de imunoexpressão do PD-1 no infiltrado inflamatório subepitelial (p=0,331), que ocorreu de forma semelhante a imunoexpressão de PD-L1 no mesmo compartimento (p=0,069). Contudo, foi observada diferença foi estatisticamente significativa (p=0,013) na análise de relação dos escores de imunopositividade para PD-L1 nos diferentes tipos clínicos, indicando que lesões de LPO erosivo apresentaram maiores escores se comparadas aos LPOs do tipo reticular. Observamos também que correlação entre os escores de imunoexpressão de PD-1 e PD-L1, no infiltrado inflamatório de LPO reticulares não foi estatisticamente significativa (p>0,05). Assim também ocorreu quando foi analisado LPO erosivos. Em todos os casos analisados, independentemente do subtipo, houv fraca correlação positiva e estatisticamente significativa entre os escores de imunoexpressão de PD-1 e PD-L1 no infiltrado inflamatório (r=0,410; p=0,012). Não foram encontrados resultados estatisticamente significativos na correlação entre os escores de imunoexpressão de PD-L1 no epitélio de revestimento e no infiltrado inflamatório (p>0,05). Nesse sentido, sugere-se que o PD-1 e PD-L1 participem da patogênese do LPO na manutenção e regulação da homeostase imunológica mediada por células T, de modo que a variabilidade em sua imunoexpressão sugestivamente relacionado as manifestações clínicas desta doença.
10	ANNA CLARA GOMES DE ARAÚJO USE OF ANACARDIUM OCCIDENTALE LINN. EXTRACT IN THE TREATMENT OF ORAL LICHEN PLANUS: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL Advisor : ERICKA JANINE DANTAS DA SILVEIRA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : AMANDA KATARINNY GOES GONZAGA ERICKA JANINE DANTAS DA SILVEIRA JAMILE MARINHO BEZERRA DE OLIVEIRA MOURA Data: Dec 17, 2024 Show Abstract INTRODUCTION: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous condition of unknown etiology and unpredictable clinical course, with no cure. It presents varied clinical manifestations in the oral mucosa, with erosive and atrophic forms, associated with pain, requiring symptomatic treatment. Topical corticosteroids are the first and main therapeutic option, despite the potential adverse effects associated with prolonged use. Thus, phytotherapeutics have been explored as promising alternatives for management of oral diseases, including OLP. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the efficacy of a phytotherapeutic gel based on the extract of Anacardium occidentale Linn. (cashew tree bark) in the treatment of symptomatic OLP lesions. METHODS: This study is a controlled, randomized, transversal, and single-blind clinical trial conducted with patients clinically and histopathologically diagnosed with symptomatic OLP. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups: experimental (n=), treated with a gel based on cashew bark extract, and control (n=), treated with 0.05% clobetasol propionate gel. Efficacy was evaluated weekly using a clinical score and the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain intensity. RESULTS: Both groups showed clinical improvement and pain reduction, with no statistically significant differences between treatments. The phytotherapeutic gel demonstrated comparable efficacy to corticosteroids, with fewer adverse events and an absence of oral candidiasis cases, observed in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: The A. occidentale L.-based phytotherapeutic gel proved to be a promising alternative to conventional treatment, offering additional benefits such as lower risk of adverse effects and economic accessibility. Future studies with larger sample sizes are recommended to consolidate these findings.
	Thesis
1	MARIA LAURA DE SOUZA LIMA ROLE OF ANGIOTENSIN II AT1 AND AT2 PHARMACOLOGICAL RECEPTORS IN LIGATURE-INDUCED PERIODONTAL DISEASE: MOLECULAR ASPECTS Advisor : AURIGENA ANTUNES DE ARAUJO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ANA RAFAELA LUZ DE AQUINO MARTINS AURIGENA ANTUNES DE ARAUJO KARUZA MARIA ALVES PEREIRA NAISANDRA BEZERRA DA SILVA FARIAS RAFAEL RODRIGUES LIMA Data: Mar 21, 2024 Show Abstract The renin angiotensin system (RAS) is of great importance for the body's water balance and blood pressure regulation, in addition to being associated with the stimulation of pro-inflammatory pathways. Its main peptide is angiotensin II, which interacts mainly with type 1 (AT1) and type 2 (AT2) receptors. An interrelationship was found between cardiovascular diseases and periodontitis. This study aimed to evaluate the molecular aspects in knockout mice subjected to an experimental model of periodontal disease, observing the influence of Ang II type 1 (AT1(-)) and Ang II type 2 (AT2(-)) receptors on periodontitis. . Methods: Experimental periodontitis was induced by placing a ligature with 5.0 nylon suture around the upper left second molar of knockout mice for AT1(-), AT2(-) receptors and wild-type (Wild-Type, WT), subdivided 2 groups for each strain: without ligation (NL) and ligation (L), totaling six groups: three controls and three experimental. After 15 days of disease induction, the animals were euthanized. In order to evaluate whether genetic variations would have an influence on periodontal disease, analyzes of cytokines were carried out, peptides and enzymes were analyzed from gingival tissues by ELISA and RT-PCR. Results: The WT and AT2(-) animals showed similar results in relation to the cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, in which the linked animals increased the levels of these cytokines in relation to the healthy ones (p < 0.001), since animals from the AT1(-) lineage showed no differences between sick and healthy animals, but showed some differences in relation to other lineages: in the cytokine IL-β we identified significant differences in relation to the AT1(-)-L and WT-L groups (p < 0.05), in IL-6 and TNF-α, the AT1(-)-L groups showed significant differences (p < 0.001) both when compared to the WT-L and AT2(-)-L groups . Regarding the IL-10 cytokine, WT animals expressed higher levels in the ligated group (p < 0.01), the AT2(-) and AT1(-) groups did not show significant changes in relation to this cytokine. For the results of Angiotensin II and Angiotensin 1-7 there were significant differences when comparing the AT2(-)-NL and AT2(-)-L groups (p < 0.01); and in relation to the AT1(-)-L and AT2(-)-L groups (p < 0.05) in the Ang 1-7 results, in relation to the other groups there were no significant differences. For TLR2 there were differences between the WT-NL/WT-L groups (p < 0.05); AT1(-)-NL/AT1(-)-L (p < 0.01) and AT2(-)-NL/AT2(-)-L (p < 0.01). For the MAS receptor, there were differences between the WT-NL/WT-L (p < 0.001) and AT2(-)-NL/AT2(-)-L (p < 0.001) groups. Among the different lines in the linked subgroup there was also a statistical difference in relation to the WT-L/AT1(-)-L group (p < 0.001) and AT1(-)-L/AT2(-)-L (p < 0.001). For the expression of the ACE peptide, or ACE, there was a statistical difference between the types of WT-NL/WT-L groups (p < 0.001). For the expression of the ACE2 peptide, or ACE2, no statistically significant differences were obtained. Conclusion: The animals in the AT1(-) group showed less inflammation than the other diseased strains, as well as a lower expression of the MAS receptor, also responsible for a protective pathway against the RAS. Furthermore, animals from the WT and AT2(-) groups demonstrated similar results in several analyses, showing that the blockade of the AT1 receptor, on molecular effects, is more positive.
2	ISABELA DANTAS TORRES DE ARAÚJO MODIFICATION OF A BULK FILL FLOW COMPOSITE RESIN WITH ACETONIC EXTRACT FROM POMEGRANATE PEEL Advisor : ISAUREMI VIEIRA DE ASSUNCAO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ISAUREMI VIEIRA DE ASSUNCAO DIANA FERREIRA GADELHA DE ARAUJO MARIA REGINA MACEDO COSTA CLAUDIA TAVARES MACHADO RODOLFO XAVIER DE SOUSA LIMA Data: May 23, 2024 Show Abstract Introduction: Caries still constitutes a public health problem. Areas adjacent to restorations are often affected by caries. Even though composite resins are being studied and improved, they still do not have antimicrobial activity. Pomegranate peels are a potential resource for bioactive compounds such as phenolics, proanthocyanidins and flavonoids, presenting antioxidant activity and inhibitory effects against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Objective: to modify the Opus Bulk Fill Flow composite resin with the acetone extract of pomegranate peel in different concentrations and evaluate the surface roughness and color change. Methodology: 5g of pomegranate peel was extracted using 100ml of 70% acetone solvent. After rotary evaporation, filtering and lyophilization of the extract, it was macerated, sieved and weighed at different contractions based on the minimum inhibitory concentration capable of inhibiting the growth of Streptococcus mutans. The Opus Bulk Fill Flow composite resin was modified with this extract concentrations in order to generate 5 groups of distinct concentrations: Control 0% (n=10), G1 12.5% (n=10), G2 25% (n=10 ), G3 50% (n=10) and G4 100% (n=10). Roughness (Ra) and color difference (ΔE00) were subjected to normality tests and non-parametric data were subjected to the Kruskall Wallis test with Dunn's post-test using GraphPad Prism 8 and Microsoft Excel 2019 software. Results : It was found that the average color difference increased as the concentration of the extract in the modified resin increased (p<0.0001), as well as the modified resins became, visibly to the naked eye, a little more yellowish. Surface roughness (Ra) did not show a statistically significant difference (p=0.0748). All groups presented average values similar to 0.06μm. Conclusion: The addition of the acetone extract from pomegranate peel changed the color of the Opus Bulk Fill Flow composite resin as its concentration increased. The surface roughness of all experimental and control groups was within the value expected in the literature (<0.2μm) with the aim of preventing adhesion of biofilm and microorganisms on the surface of the material. Further studies are recommended to verify whether this extract alters other mechanical properties of the fluid composite resin.
3	MARCELA EMÍLIO DE ARAÚJO EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF BLUE LIGHT FILTERS IN PROTECTING ON RETINAS EXPOSED TO HIGH POWER LED EMITTING DIODE: AN IN VIVO STUDY Advisor : SERGEI GODEIRO FERNANDES RABELO CALDAS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : SERGEI GODEIRO FERNANDES RABELO CALDAS ARIANE SALGADO GONZAGA FERNANDO VAGNER LOBO LADD RICARDO CÉSAR MORESCA CLÁUDIA TRINDADE MATTOS Data: Jul 9, 2024 Show Abstract Objective: To evaluate the ocular effects of blue light emitted by a high-power LED curing device on the retina of Wistar rats protected by a blue light filter. Materials and methods: Nine Wistar rats were used in the research, and their ocular structures were the subjects of study. The animals were divided into three groups (n = 6 ocular structures each): GC - control group (without exposure); GEP - exposure over the protection filter of the VALO® curing; GEI - indirect exposure without protection filter. During the photostimulation of each animal, the eye considered experimental was exposed to the indirect light of the high-intensity LED at 3200mW/cm² (Valo Ortho - Ultradent) for 144 seconds at 30cm. The animals were exposed to the LED light three times a day to investigate if any acute inflammatory changes occurred in the retina. Seven days after the photostimulation sessions, the animals were anesthetized and euthanized. Subsequently, the eyes were dissected and histologically processed. The histological slides were analyzed stereologically and histomorphometrically to measure the investigated retinal parameters. Results: There was a statistically significant increase in the total volume of the retina in the group exposed to unprotected light due to the increased volume of ganglion cell layers (GCL), inner plexiform layers (IPL), outer nuclear layers (ONL), and the extensions of rods and cones. There was no statistically significant difference in terms of density. However, there was a statistically significant increase in the nuclear area of cells in all studied layers in the group exposed to high-intensity unprotected LED light. Conclusion: Exposure to LED light emitted by a dental curing device causes damage to the animal retina structure, and the use of a protective filter can prevent damage caused by exposure.
4	GURGIANE RODRIGUES GURGEL LESSA EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF THE USE OF CREATINE ON ORTHODONTIC MOVEMENT IN RATS Advisor : RUTHINEIA DIOGENES ALVES UCHOA LINS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : AURIGENA ANTUNES DE ARAUJO FRANCISCO LEONARDO DA SILVA JUNIOR JAMILE MARINHO BEZERRA DE OLIVEIRA MOURA OLGA BENÁRIO VIEIRA MARANHÃO RUTHINEIA DIOGENES ALVES UCHOA LINS Data: Sep 11, 2024 Show Abstract Introduction:Considering that creatine (Cr) can interfere in several aspects of bone metabolism, it has been questioned whether this substance could also influence orthodontic movement, since this process depends on the shiftseebone, with bone apposition in the alveolar region and bone resorption on the opposite side. Objective: To evaluate the effect of creatine on orthodontic tooth movement in rats. Methodology: This is an experimental, in vivo, controlled study, with a descriptive and inferential basis. The sample consisted of 36 healthy male Wistar rats (Ratus norvegicus albinus), aged between 7 and 12 weeks, which were subjected to continuous orthodontic tooth movement of the upper first permanent molars, on the left side, for a period of 21 days. The rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: Control group (CG) - rats subjected only to orthodontic movement and daily water intake (n=12); Experimental group creatine 1 (GEC1) - rats subjected to orthodontic movement and a daily dose of 21 mg/kg of creatine (n=12); and Experimental group creatine 2 (GEC2) - rats subjected to orthodontic movement and a daily dose of 51 mg/kg of creatine (n=12). The analysis of the amount of orthodontic movement was performed by means of computed microtomography. To investigate bone remodeling, a morphological study was performed using the hematoxylin-eosin (HE) method. One-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis, followed by Tukey's test with a 95% confidence interval. Results: There were no statistically significant differences (p>0.05) between the control group and the experimental groups in any of the orthodontic movement variables studied. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that creatine does not affect orthodontic movement.
5	ANA LARISSE CARNEIRO PEREIRA DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY IN COMPLETE FIXED IMPLANTSSUPPORTED PROSTHESES: DEVELOPMENT OF A PATENT ON CAPTURING THE POSITION OF IMPLANTS AND THE IMPACT OF ASSOCIATION AND INTERVENTION ON THE SURFACE OF CAD-CAM MATERIALS Advisor : ADRIANA DA FONTE PORTO CARREIRO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ADRIANA DA FONTE PORTO CARREIRO Thaisa Barizan Bordin ANA CLARA SOARES PAIVA TORRES MARCELO FERRAZ MESQUITA VALENTIM ADELINO RICARDO BARÃO Data: Sep 16, 2024 Show Abstract The advent of digital technology in the workflow of complete-arch implant-supported fixed prostheses (ISFP) has allowed the simplification of the conventional technique, while problematizing the transfer of the position of the implants, behavior of the materials for their manufacture and union of the prosthesis interfaces. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate a patent on capturing the position of implants for the manufacture of framework and maxillary occlusal record, as well as to develop a protocol for joining the prosthetic base and artificial teeth and the effect of a physical barrier to improve the properties and minimize the discoloration of the 3D printed materials, thus enabling an efficient, fully digital workflow for ISFP. For this purpose, this study was divided into two stages: clinical and laboratory. In the clinical stage, an invention patent (BR 10 2019 026265 6) was developed and allowed the direct and exact acquisition of the position of the implants for the virtual environment. From this, patients rehabilitated with mandibular interim complete-arch fixed prosthesis underwent intraoral scanning with the patent, allowing digital planning and milling of the framework. These were evaluated for clinical passivity and misfit, the latter using the framework in conventional and printed cast. With all framework evaluated, patients were randomized, considering the type of maxillary occlusal record: conventional and digital. When installing the ISFP, the distribution and number of occlusal contact points, working time (clinical and laboratory) and occlusal adjustment were evaluated. The results showed absence of space between the framework and the abutments, free passage of the screw, no retention in the models and stability of the framework in the oral cavity. Greater misfits of the framework were observed in the printed cast compared to the conventional one when the single screw test was applied. There was similarity in the maxillary occlusal record methods in relation to the distribution of occlusal contact points. Digital maxillary occlusal record required less time for occlusal and clinical adjustment, and on the other hand, more laboratory time and total workflow than the conventional (p<0.05). In the laboratory stage, three bonding protocols were tested to join the prosthetic base (heat-polymerized and 3D printed [Yller, Prizma and PrintaX]) (20×24 mm) to the artificial teeth (prefabricated acrylic resin and 3D printed [Yller, Prizma and PrintaX]), namely (n=20): mechanical retention with perforation + monomer, mechanical retention with perforation + airborne-particle abrasion with 50-µm aluminum oxide + monomer and mechanical retention with perforation + Palabond. From this, the shear strength (1 mm/minute), type of failure, surface roughness (Ra) and wettability (º) were evaluated. Subsequently, specimens made of prosthetic base resin (heat-polymerized and 3D printed [Yller and Prizma]) (20×10×10 mm) and artificial teeth (prefabricated acrylic resin and 3D printed [Yller and Prizma]) were divided into two groups (n=32): unglazed and glazed. These were thermocycled (10,000 cycles) and then immersed in distilled water and coffee for 7 days for analysis of CIELab color differences. Finally, discs (10×3 mm) and bars (64×10×3.3±0.2 mm) were made from prosthetic base resins (heat-polymerized and 3D printed [Yller, Prizma and PrintaX]) and divided into two groups: unglazed and glazed. These were thermocycled (10,000 cycles) and subjected to surface roughness (Ra), wettability (º), brightness (GU), flexural strength (MPa), Knoop microhardness (HK), microbiological analysis (dual biofilm with Streptococcus mitis and Candida albicans) and scanning electron microscopy. An increase in the bond strength between the prosthetic base and artificial teeth 3D printed in Yller resin was observed when they were bonded with mechanical retention with perforation + Palabond or mechanical retention with perforation + airborne-particle abrasion with 50-µm aluminum oxide + monomer (p<0.05). The application of glaze minimized the color change of the 3D printed resins for prosthetic bases and artificial teeth, in addition to making the resins for prosthetic bases smoother, shinier, harder and more resistant to dual biofilm colonization (p<0.05). It is concluded that from the patent, a working cast can be obtained with the trueness position of the implants, allowing predictability and reliability in the creation of framework and functional space for the assembly of teeth. Combined with mechanical retention with perforation + Palabond or mechanical retention with perforation + airborne-particle abrasion with 50-µm aluminum oxide + monomer, with application of glaze on the surface of the prosthesis, providing reduced infiltration, surface deterioration of the material, aesthetics and resistance to biofilm colonization, a fully digital workflow can be used for the manufacture of complete-arch implant-supported fixed prostheses.
6	ANNE KALINE CLAUDINO RIBEIRO ACCURACY AND CLINICAL OUTCOME OF AN INNOVATIVE ABBREVIATED TECHNIQUE FOR COMPLETE DENTURES MANUFACTURED BY 3D PRINTING: CROSSOVER RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL Advisor : ADRIANA DA FONTE PORTO CARREIRO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ADRIANA DA FONTE PORTO CARREIRO ANA CLARA SOARES PAIVA TORRES ARETHA HEITOR VERISSIMO CRISTIANE MACHADO MENGATTO LAERCIO ALMEIDA DE MELO Data: Sep 19, 2024 Show Abstract Removable complete dentures (CDs) remain the standard treatment for edentulous patients with psychological and financial limitations so that future perspectives strengthen the importance of improving manufacturing techniques. New digital resources have provided advances in manufacturing complete dentures with promptness, quality, and reduced clinical and laboratory steps. Considering the advantages of additive manufacturing, this study aimed to evaluate the accuracy and clinical performance of an abbreviated and innovative technique for 3D-printed complete dentures. In this randomized crossover clinical trial, a total of 30 completely edentulous patients were randomized into two groups according to the processing technique: CD-DD (patients initially rehabilitated with conventional CD and, after 3 months, with 3D-printed CD) and DD-CD (patients initially rehabilitated with 3D-printed CD and, after 3 months, with conventional CD). The accuracy of outlining of extension of the denture foundation on preliminary casts and teeth arrangement were analyzed after digitizing and superimposition images in Standard Tesselation Language format (STL) for both techniques. The types and quantity of failures observed during the denture’s try-in step were registered in the medical record. Mapping of the occlusal contact points was collected during the delivery of each denture’s set. Patient satisfaction was evaluated by using a validated questionnaire, the impact on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) was measured using the OHIP-Edent-19, and an objective method based on the two-color chewing gum (Vivident Fruitdent Swing) was utilized for masticatory performance assessment. Occlusal and denture base adjustments and functional adaptation period required as well as the number of clinical appointments performed were recorded. These outcomes were collected after the use of each denture’s pair for 3 months. The time required for outlining the entire base seat, teeth assembly, and time total for fabrication and processing of the dental prosthesis (clinical and laboratory stages), including post-insertion clinical visits were recorded. At the end of the study, the choice of patient regarding the treatment modality was registered. Sensibility and specificity tests were applied to measure accuracy. The mapping of the occlusal contacts and functional adaptation were analyzed by using the Chi-square Test. The non-parametric Mann-Whitney Test was used for the evaluation of the patient-centered outcomes (satisfaction and quality of life), masticatory performance, number of clinical visits, and denture base adjustments required. Comparisons between means of working time were carried out using the paired-T Test. Statistical tests were performed considering a significance level of 5%. The final sample size was composed of 23 completely edentulous, mean age of 65.96 ±8.74. For outlining the denture foundation, the accuracy ranged from 0.57 to 0.92. The buccal and labial frenulum showed a lower value in the maxilla (0.57); while the area between the retromolar pad and buccal frenulum (0.64) showed a lower score in the mandible. The digital method revealed a higher significant mean for maxillary denture foundation (p<0.001). Maxillary teeth arrangement ranged from good to excellent accuracy for the new device (0.75 to 0.93) considering all parameters evaluated. The techniques were similar for patient overall satisfaction, quality of life, masticatory performance, denture base adjustments post-insertion, failures in the teeth try-in, occlusal contacts, and functional adaptation. The working time of the digital method for outlining the denture foundation for both arches was significantly longer compared to conventional ones (p<0.001). However, the maxillary teeth arrangement demonstrated a significantly lower operational time for the digital technique (p<0.001). The number of clinical appointments and total time for fabrication and processing of the DDs were significantly lower (p<0.001). Most patients reported a preference for conventional CDs (60.90%). The denture foundation extension outline exhibited sufficiently excellent accuracy for the digital method, except for the maxillary anterior region. The device was accurate in recording the maxillary occlusal rim and demonstrated promising clinical performance, with effective results compared with conventional techniques. Although the digital method required a longer working time for outlining of the denture foundation, the maxillary teeth arrangement using an intuitive device and the acquisition of the complete dentures by additive manufacturing using an abbreviated and novel technique were advantageous regarding time efficiency. 3D-printed complete dentures have comparable outcomes to conventional ones regarding overall satisfaction, quality of life, masticatory performance, occlusal contact points, denture base adjustments after placement, functional adaptation, and errors in the try-in of teeth, and required reduced number of clinical appointments.
7	ISABELLE HELENA GURGEL DE CARVALHO EVALUATION OF PERFORMANCE AND CLINICAL LONGEVITY OF MONOLITHIC POLYMER-INFILTRATED CERAMIC CROWNS: RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL Advisor : RODRIGO OTHAVIO DE ASSUNCAO E SOUZA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : JOAO PAULO DA SILVA NETO LAERCIO ALMEIDA DE MELO LUANA MARIA MARTINS DE AQUINO PATRICIA DOS SANTOS CALDERON RODRIGO OTHAVIO DE ASSUNCAO E SOUZA Data: Sep 19, 2024 Show Abstract Objective: To evaluate through a controlled, randomized, double-blind clinical trial the clinical performance of posterior monolithic crowns made of polymer-infiltrated ceramic, as well as the impact of rehabilitation on patients' aesthetic satisfaction and quality of life. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 patients who received 47 crowns were included in this study. All patients signed the informed consent form. The teeth undergoing rehabilitation were allocated through a simple draw between the groups: Control Group (LD - lithium disilicate) and Experimental Group (PIC - Vita Enamic/Vita Zahnfabrik). Photographic, radiographic, and clinical data were collected before, during, and after rehabilitation. The crowns were assessed for clinical survival rate (modified USPSH criteria), aesthetic satisfaction (Visual Analog Scale - VAS), quality of life (Oral Impacts on Daily Performances - OIDP), and types of failures (biological and technical). Data collection was performed by a single examiner who was calibrated and blind to the material type, at follow-up times T0 (before treatment), T1 (1 month), T2 (6 months), T3 (12 months), T4 (24 months), T5 (36 months), T6 (48 months), T7 (60 months), and T8 (72 months). OIDP and USPSH criteria were analyzed descriptively. Aesthetic satisfaction was analyzed with Mann-Whitney/Friedman Test/ Wilcoxon post-tests. Survival analysis was conducted using Kaplan-Meier followed by the log-rank test. The significance level was set at 5%. Results:47 crowns were installed in 30 patients, with 22 (46.8%) in the control group (LD) and 25 (52.3%) in the experimental group (PIC). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed a survival rate of 88.0% for PIC and 95.5% for LD with no significant differences between them (P>0.05). Four failures were recorded, including three debondings(2 from PIC after 1 month and 36 months, and 1 from LD after 6 months) and one crown fracture (PIC) after 24 months of follow-up. There was a significant difference in aesthetic satisfaction between the control and experimental groups (Mann-Whitney - P>0.05) regarding color, aesthetic satisfaction, and natural appearance after T5 (36 months). Aesthetic satisfaction was significantly higher after 1 (T1), 6 (T2), 12 (T3), 24 (T4), 36 (T5), 48 (T6), and 60 (T7) months compared to baseline (T0) (Friedman Test – P - P<0.05). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that monolithic single crowns of PIC showed clinical performance, aesthetic results, and a positive impact on patients' quality of life similar to LD after 72 months.
8	MARIANA CABRAL MORENO EFFECT OF GREEN PROPOLIS EXTRACT IN DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS ON ORTHODONTIC MOVEMENT IN RATS Advisor : AURIGENA ANTUNES DE ARAUJO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ALEXANDRE ANTONIO RIBEIRO ARY DOS SANTOS-PINTO AURIGENA ANTUNES DE ARAUJO ERICKA JANINE DANTAS DA SILVEIRA ROSEANA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS Data: Sep 25, 2024 Show Abstract Green propolis, a widely consumed natural substance, has demonstrated beneficial effects on bone tissue. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of alcoholic green propolis extract at different concentrations on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) in rats. The experiment followed the Animal Research Reporting In Vivo Experiments (ARRIVE) guidelines and included 40 (after the losses, the sample consisted of 40 animals healthy male Wistar rats (250g), aged 7-10 weeks, subjected to OTM using a closed nickel-titanium coil spring (50cN) placed between the first upper left molar and the maxillary incisors, with daily administration of substances via gavage for 21 days. The rats were divided into four groups: control (GC, water), experimental group 1 (P1, propolis 100 mg/kg), experimental group 2 (P2, propolis 300 mg/kg), and experimental group 3 (P3, propolis 500 mg/kg). Green propolis extract was analyzed by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and UV-VIS spectrophotometric scanning to determine flavonoids, caffeic acid, and total phenolic compounds. The systemic effect of green propolis was evaluated in the animals, showing no interference with OTM. Micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) was used to analyze linear OTM (mesial and vertical movement, and periodontal ligament thickness in the tension and pressure areas) and volumetric changes (bone volume %, bone porosity %, trabecular number, and trabecular spacing), using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s post-test (5%), with no significant differences (p>0.05). Histological analysis of the distobuccal root revealed bone remodeling in the tension (distal side) and pressure (mesial side) areas, with osteoblastic activity present in all groups on the tension side. A significant difference (p<0.05) was observed on the pressure side, with more pronounced inflammatory modulation in the propolis-treated groups, as determined by Kruskal-Wallis followed by Dunn’s post-test (5%). The study suggests that green propolis has the potential to modulate inflammation and preserve bone quality without compromising tooth movement
9	KAIZA DE SOUSA SANTOS Nanostructured formulations to be used as desensitizers during in-office tooth bleaching: development, pharmacological characterization, transdental permeability, and cytocompatibility Advisor : BONIEK CASTILLO DUTRA BORGES COMMITTEE MEMBERS : BONIEK CASTILLO DUTRA BORGES ISAUREMI VIEIRA DE ASSUNCAO ANA MARGARIDA DOS SANTOS MELO CLAUDIA TAVARES MACHADO LETICIA VIRGINIA DE FREITAS CHAVES Data: Sep 26, 2024 Show Abstract Despite the effectiveness of in-office tooth bleaching with hydrogen peroxide, side effects like bleaching sensitivity and immediate mineral loss persist. This study aimed to develop nanostructured formulations to be used as desensitizers during in-office tooth bleaching, characterize their pharmacological properties, and evaluate their transdental permeability and cytocompatibility. Nanoemulsions (NEs) and nanogels (NGs) containing dexamethasone acetate (DEX), codeine (COD), and/or calcium phosphate for topical use were synthesized. NEs were prepared using the phase inversion method, varying the surfactant concentration (SC) from 1 to 5%. The most stable formulation with the lowest SC was selected for physicochemical characterization over 45 days, during which droplet size, polydispersity index (PdI), zeta potential (ZP), and pH were evaluated. Nanosystems were analyzed using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and spectrophotometry. The formulations underwent hemolytic evaluations and cell tests. In vitro permeability was analyzed using a standardized device with human third molar discs. NGs were applied before and after bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide (three applications of 15 minutes each). Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey´s post hoc test via GraphPad Prism software (p<0.05). Characterization revealed that NE contained 100% COD and 80% DEX, with an average droplet size of approximately 170 nm, PdI > 0.3, negative PZ, and a pH close to neutral. The immediate drug release showed a content of 4%. All formulations demonstrated cell viability (p<0.0001) and hemolytic potential below 30% (p<0.0001). Therefore, the formulations exhibited suitable pharmacological properties, allowed drug permeation through dental structures, and were shown to have cytocompatibility.
10	LARISSA MENDONCA DE MIRANDA CLINICAL PERFORMANCE, MARGINAL AND INTERNAL DISCREPANCY OF ULTRA TRANSLUCENT ZIRCONIA MONOLITHIC CROWNS: A RANDOMIZED, CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL Advisor : RODRIGO OTHAVIO DE ASSUNCAO E SOUZA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : AMANDA MARIA DE OLIVEIRA DAL PIVA DAYANNE MONIELLE DUARTE MOURA PATRICIA DOS SANTOS CALDERON RENATA MARQUES DE MELO RODRIGO OTHAVIO DE ASSUNCAO E SOUZA Data: Sep 26, 2024 Show Abstract Objective: To evaluate the clinical longevity, marginal discrepancy (MD), and internal discrepancy (ID) of monolithic posterior full crowns fabricated from two CAD/CAM ceramic materials, as well as the impact of oral rehabilitation on aesthetic satisfaction and patient quality of life. Materials and Methods: A total of 24 crowns were installed in 18 participants, allocated into two groups: Control (LD, Lithium Disilicate - IPS e.max CAD; Ivoclar AG) and Experimental (Zr, Zircon FitPlus-Talmax, Curitiba, Paraná). The crowns were evaluated before treatment (T0) and after 1 (T1), 6 (T2), 12 (T3), and 24 (T4) months using modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria, visual analog scales (VAS), and Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (OIDP). Ten units of each material were selected for the evaluation of ID and MD using the replica technique. The internal part of each crown was filled with fluid consistency addition silicone (X-light, 3M ESPE) and placed in position in the mouth under constant pressure until the silicone polymerized. The crown was then removed, leaving the fluid silicone adhered inside. Next, a small portion of dense consistency silicone (Express XT, 3M ESPE) was inserted inside the crown, in intimate contact with the fluid silicone. After final setting, the silicone die formed by the two materials was removed from the crown's interior. The die was then sectioned into 8 hemi-faces. For ID analysis, the thickness of the fluid silicone was measured in four regions (O: occlusal, C: cusp, A: axial, CH: chamfer), with 5 measurements taken per region. For MD analysis, measurements were taken in the finish line area, with 5 measurements performed on each hemi-face, totaling 20 measurements per crown. Measurements were taken using an optical stereomicroscope (Stereo Discovery V20) at 40x magnification with software assistance. Shapiro-Wilk normality tests, one-factor ANOVA for MD, two-factor ANOVA and Tukey's test (5%) for ID were performed. Survival analysis was conducted using Kaplan-Meier followed by the log-rank test (α = .05). OIDP and USPHS data were descriptively analyzed, while VAS for aesthetic satisfaction was statistically assessed using Mann-Whitney, Friedman, and Wilcoxon post hoc tests. Results: For the 18 participants with a mean age of 38.5 years, 11 crowns were made of LD and 13 of Zr. The overall survival rate after 60 months was 95.8%, with 100% for the control group and 92.3% for the zirconia group. The log-rank test did not indicate a significant difference between the two groups (p=0.450). Mann-Whitney testing revealed no differences between the groups, regardless of satisfaction criteria or follow-up times (P>0.05). For both groups, aesthetic satisfaction across all criteria was significant (P<0.05). For MD, one-factor ANOVA showed that the "ceramic" factor was not significant (p=0.297). MD was similar between the Zr group (108.4±34.6 µm) and the LD group (95.7±13.6 µm). As for the ID analysis, two-factor ANOVA revealed that only the "region" factor (p=0.00) was significant, meaning the type of ceramic did not influence the results (p=0.4). In the experimental group analysis, ZrO (124.1±34.9A µm) and DLO (154.6±33.7Aµm) were similar to each other and showed higher ID values than other regions. Conclusion: The survival rates between the evaluated materials were not significantly different, demonstrating acceptable clinical performance after 24 months of follow-up. The MD and ID were similar between the evaluated materials, with values within clinically acceptable parameters. Additionally, for both materials, the occlusal region showed the highest ID.
11	AFONSO NÓBREGA DANTAS IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF α-SMA, TGF-β, CD68, CD163 AND MMP-9 PROTEINS IN THE TUMOR MICROENVIRONMENT OF INCISIONAL BIOPSIES OF ORAL EPIDERMOID CARCINOMA Advisor : ROSEANA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : MARIA CARMEN FONTOURA NOGUEIRA DA CRUZ PATRICIA TEIXEIRA DE OLIVEIRA PEDRO PAULO DE ANDRADE SANTOS ROSEANA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS SIMONE SOUZA LOBAO VERAS BARROS Data: Sep 27, 2024 Show Abstract Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant neoplasm in the oral cavity. Currently, the components of the tumor microenvironment have been the subject of studies, with the importance of cancer-associated fibroblasts, tumor-associated macrophages, and some proteins secreted in the extracellular matrix, such as TGF-β and MMP-9, being highlighted as possible indicators of aggressive behavior in OSCC. The purpose of this study is to analyze the immunoexpression of the proteins α-SMA, TGF-β, CD68, CD163, and MMP-9 in the tumor microenvironment of incisional biopsies of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) and oral floor squamous cell carcinoma (OFSCC), investigating possible associations with clinical and morphological parameters related to tumor prognosis. Fifty cases of OTSCC and OFSCC were selected and classified according to the WHO histological malignancy grading, tumor/stroma ratio, and immunohistochemical analysis of α-SMA, TGF-β, CD68, CD163, and MMP-9. The results did not demonstrate statistical significance for the associations tested between the immunoexpression of proteins and clinical and morphological parameters. However, the marked presence of these proteins in general in the OSCCs studied indicates their important role in tumor development in more or less aggressive evolution of OSCC. Furthermore, the lack of standardization of specimens from incisional biopsies was striking in the sample, and may be one of the factors that contributed to the lack of statistical significance in the scenarios analyzed.
12	GUILHERME CARLOS BEIRUTH FREIRE USE OF BLUEM IN THE NON-SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PERI-IMPLANT MUCOSITIS: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL Advisor : BRUNO CESAR DE VASCONCELOS GURGEL COMMITTEE MEMBERS : BRUNO CESAR DE VASCONCELOS GURGEL ANA RAFAELA LUZ DE AQUINO MARTINS RUTHINEIA DIOGENES ALVES UCHOA LINS CLARISSA FAVERO DEMEDA MARIANA LINHARES ALMEIDA Data: Sep 27, 2024 Show Abstract Peri-implant mucositis is an inflammatory condition without bone loss that occurs in the soft tissues surrounding the implant. Non-surgical treatment combines basic therapy with or without the use of chemical agents. Therefore, this objective study evaluates the efficacy of Bluem as a chemical adjuvant in the treatment of peri-implant mucositis in a non-surgical treatment protocol, considering the periodontal and peri-implant clinical parameters (visible plaque index (VPI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), probing depth (PD) and bleeding on probing (BOP). The implants in this study were allocated into two groups that received non-surgical treatment: 33 implants received basic therapy associated with the chemical agent Bluem (test) and 38 implants received basic therapy associated with the use of placebo (control). Patients were followed up at baseline, 15 days, 03, 06 and 12 months. Given the normality of the data, the 2-way ANOVA test for repeated measures, as well as Fisher's exact test to verify the association between the dependent and independent variables were used with a significance level of 5%. Regarding oral hygiene indexes (VPI and GBI), there was a reduction in VPI and GBI for the test group and a reduction in PD and BOP for both the test group (Bluem) and the control group (placebo), with no interaction between time and type of treatment. Given the results, Bluem can be used as an alternative for the non-surgical treatment of peri-implant mucositis, however, its efficacy still requires additional studies for scientific evidence.
13	NATÁLIA RODRIGUES SILVA Immunoexpression of Proteins Related to the Hippo Pathway in Papillary Thyroid Carcinomas Advisor : MARCIA CRISTINA DA COSTA MIGUEL COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ERICKA JANINE DANTAS DA SILVEIRA GUSTAVO PINA GODOY JOABE DOS SANTOS PEREIRA MARCIA CRISTINA DA COSTA MIGUEL RANI IANI COSTA GONÇALO Data: Sep 30, 2024 Show Abstract Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common malignant neoplasm in the thyroid gland. Although these lesions typically have an excellent prognosis, some cases exhibit aggressive clinicopathological characteristics, with a high rate of lymph node metastasis and recurrence. Consequently, new molecular biomarkers have been studied to better understand the biological and molecular processes involved in the development and progression of this neoplasm. Among these, the proteins YAP, LATS2, and TEAD, key components of the Hippo Pathway (HP), stand out. This pathway is essential in various biological processes such as organ size control, cellular homeostasis, and tissue regeneration, and is also involved in carcinogenesis when dysregulated. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the YAP, LATS2, and TEAD proteins in PTCs to assess whether these molecules can influence the biological behavior of these lesions. The sample consisted of 31 cases of PTCs and 5 follicular adenomas (control group), with clinicopathological information correlated to the immunoexpression of YAP-1, LATS-2, and TEAD proteins in these lesions. Immunopositivity was assessed by nuclear positivity and cytoplasmic staining intensity. For nuclear positivity, cases with more than 20% marker expression were considered positive. Regarding intensity, YAP-1 and LATS2 cases were classified as negative (no staining), weak (light brown), or strong (dark brown). Data were statistically analyzed using Pearson's Chi-square and Fisher's Exact tests, with a significance level of 5% (p < 0.05). The immunoexpression analysis showed that all PTC cases (100%) exhibited nuclear positivity for YAP-1. A significant association was also found between strong cytoplasmic YAP-1 expression and PTC cases compared to the control group (p = 0.001). For LATS2, low cytoplasmic expression was observed in most PTC cases (58.1%). TEAD showed higher nuclear positivity (p = 0.029) in PTC cases. No statistically significant associations with clinicopathological data were found. The lower cytoplasmic expression of LATS2 in PTCs suggests that this protein may not regulate YAP, leading to its nuclear translocation. The elevated nuclear expression of YAP and TEAD indicates possible nuclear interaction. Therefore, the cytoplasmic subregulation of LATS2 and the nuclear YAP-TEAD interaction may influence PTC tumorigenesis.
14	MARCELA LETÍCIA DA SILVA AZEVEDO EFFICACY OF LOW-LEVEL LASER THERAPY ON FIRST-INTENTION HEALING AND POSTOPERATIVE PAIN AFTER CROWN LENGTHENING SURGERY IN AESTHETIC AREAS: A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL Advisor : ANA RAFAELA LUZ DE AQUINO MARTINS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ANA RAFAELA LUZ DE AQUINO MARTINS BRUNO CESAR DE VASCONCELOS GURGEL DALIANA QUEIROGA DE CASTRO GOMES EULER MACIEL DANTAS JOÃO NILTON LOPES DE SOUSA Data: Sep 30, 2024 Show Abstract Low-level Laser Therapy (LLLT) has gained interest in Dentistry due to its photobiomodulatory effect, which is associated with tissue healing and reduction of postoperative pain. Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of LLLT photobiomodulation on first-intention tissue healing and postoperative pain after crown lengthening surgery in aesthetic areas with full-thickness flap over a 3-month follow-up period. Methodology: 27 systemically healthy patients participated in a randomized, controlled, triple-blind, split-mouth clinical trial. They were divided into two groups: CG (control group): hemi-arch subjected only to surgery; and TG (test group): hemi-arch subjected to laser application after surgery - 4J, 660nm, 100W, applied for 5 minutes in a continuous motion along the entire surgical area. Periodontal parameters were evaluated, including Bleeding on Probing (BOP), Probing Depth (PD), Gingival Phenotype (GP), Keratinized Mucosa (KM), healing (using the Landry Index), postoperative pain (measured by the Numeric Visual Scale), quality of life (OHIP-14), patient satisfaction, and aesthetics (measured by the Pink Esthetic Score - PES). Evaluations were conducted at baseline, and on the 4th, 7th, 11th, 14th, 45th days, and 3 months post-surgery. Statistical tests were performed with a significance level of p < 0.05 and 95% confidence intervals. Results: all patients began and finished the study periodontally healthy. No significant improvements in tissue healing, reduction of postoperative pain, or periodontal aesthetics were observed at any time point due to the photobiomodulatory effect of LLLT. However, the crown lengthening surgery in aesthetic areas showed a positive impact on patients' quality of life and satisfaction. Conclusion: low-level laser did not accelerate first-intention tissue healing nor reduce pain after crown lengthening surgery in aesthetic areas with full-thickness flap over a 3-month follow-up period.
15	REGIS DE SOUZA VALENTIM ALTERNATIVE THERAPIES IN THE CONTROL OF SUPERINFECTIOUS AND OPPORTUNISTIC MICROORGANISMS IN THE ORAL ENVIRONMENT Advisor : RUTHINEIA DIOGENES ALVES UCHOA LINS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : RUTHINEIA DIOGENES ALVES UCHOA LINS BONIEK CASTILLO DUTRA BORGES ERICKA JANINE DANTAS DA SILVEIRA PEDRO HENRIQUE SETTE DE SOUZA RODOLFO XAVIER DE SOUSA LIMA Data: Sep 30, 2024 Show Abstract Opportunistic microorganisms establish infectious processes when the host's immune conditions are compromised. Within this group are superinfecting microorganisms, which rapidly proliferate when part of the resident microbiota is suppressed and are known for their resistance to most antimicrobials. To reduce these microorganisms and control infectious processes, there is ongoing research into alternative and complementary therapies. This study aims to compare the in vitro antimicrobial action of three treatments: antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (TFDA) using methylene blue, phytotherapy with the hydroethanolic extract of Spondias mombin L. (ESM) at a concentration of 500 µm/ml, and the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus (PLR) in controlling superinfecting and opportunistic microorganisms such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. To this end, we investigated microbial growth inhibitory activity, anti-adhesion effects, and antibiofilm activity in mono- and multispecies biofilms using these three therapies, with 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate (CLO) as a positive control. For statistical analysis, we employed descriptive interpretation and applied the Two-Way ANOVA and Tukey's test, with the significance level set at p < 0.05. The results revealed that, regarding microbial growth inhibition, TFDA, although without statistical significance (p > 0.05), inhibited the growth of A. baumannii and K. pneumoniae, acting similarly on both bacteria. PLR, on the other hand, exhibited inhibitory effects on all tested microorganisms, with no statistical differences (p > 0.05) between A. baumannii and K. pneumoniae, nor were there statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) between PLR and CLO for these two bacteria. In terms of anti-adhesion effects, TFDA showed the best results against K. pneumoniae, while PLR was most effective against P. aeruginosa, with results closely resembling those of CLO in antibiofilm activity. For single-species biofilms, statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed among experimental groups against the studied bacteria. Of the three therapies tested, PLR was the only one that did not show statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) compared to CLO for any of the microorganisms, presenting results very similar to those of CLO. For multispecies biofilms, statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed between the groups, with PLR showing the best results, equivalent to those of CLO. In conclusion, TFDA and PLR were the most effective therapies for microbial control, with PLR being particularly effective, exhibiting growth inhibitory, anti-adhesion, and antibiofilm activities similar to CLO.
16	CARLA SAMILY DE OLIVEIRA COSTA Immunohistochemical analysis of therapeutic resistance-related factors in salivary gland neoplasms Advisor : LEAO PEREIRA PINTO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : LEAO PEREIRA PINTO LELIA BATISTA DE SOUZA PEDRO PAULO DE ANDRADE SANTOS JAMILE MARINHO BEZERRA DE OLIVEIRA MOURA LEORIK PEREIRA DA SILVA Data: Nov 28, 2024 Show Abstract Introduction: Therapeutic resistance in cancer is a complex and multifactorial process, in which tumors are intrinsically resistant to therapies or acquire resistance over the course of treatment. In this context, the role of ABC transporters (a large family of ATP-dependent transmembrane proteins associated with drug efflux) and transcription factors involved in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process is highlighted. Objective: To evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of ABCB1, ABCG2, Twist1, and Snail1 in salivary gland neoplasms and correlate them with clinical-pathological and prognostic parameters. Methodology: The sample consisted of 20 cases of mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), 19 cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC), 14 cases of acinic cell carcinoma (ACC), and 20 cases of pleomorphic adenoma (PA). Clinical-demographic, morphological, and immunohistochemical analyses were performed using ABCB1, ABCG2, Twist1, and Snail1 antibodies. The collected data were submitted for descriptive and statistical analysis (p≤0.05). Results: All cases of AdCC, ACC, and PA were negative for ABCB1, while only 35% of MEC cases showed positivity for this transporter. Significantly higher expression of ABCG2 was observed in MEC and PA cases compared to ACC cases (p<0.01). Increased expression of Twist1 (nuclear) was found in MEC compared to AdCC and ACC (p<0.05). Furthermore, significantly higher expression of Twist1 (cytoplasmic) was noted in ACC and MEC when compared to both AdCC and PA (p<0.01). Regarding Snail1, higher nuclear expression was observed in AdCC compared to ACC (p<0.0001), while its cytoplasmic staining was increased in MEC compared to other tumors (p<0.01). In AdCC cases, significantly higher immunoexpression of Twist1 (nuclear and cytoplasmic) was found in cases with necrosis (p<0.05) and grade III/high-grade tumors (p<0.05). In MEC, significantly higher expression of Snail1 (nuclear) was observed in older patients (p=0.028) and major salivary glands (p=0.045), while its lower cytoplasmic expression was associated with distant metastasis (p=0.021) and death (p=0.021). Furthermore, in MEC, positive and significant correlations were found between ABCG2 with ABCB1, and with Twist1 (nuclear) (p<0.05), as well as negative correlations between Twist1 (cytoplasmic) and Snail1 (nuclear and cytoplasmic) (p<0.05). Five-year survival analyses showed that the presence of metastases (lymph node and distant) and advanced clinical stage significantly impacted the reduction of overall and disease-free survival in patients with AdCC and MEC, whereas the expression of Twist1 (cytoplasmic) was associated with poorer disease-free survival in MEC. Conclusions: It is suggested that the ABCG2 transporter may play a role in intrinsic chemoresistance, while ABCB1 does not seem to be directly involved in this process. Additionally, the transcription factors Twist1 and Snail1, crucial for EMT, likely play a significant role in the chemoresistance of malignant salivary gland neoplasms.
17	HANNAH GIL DE FARIAS MORAIS BIDIRECTIONAL CROSSTALK BETWEEN MESENCHYMAL-EPITHELIAL TRANSITION AND TUMOR MICROENVIRONMENT IN ORAL TONGUE SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA Advisor : ROSEANA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : AMANDA KATARINNY GOES GONZAGA EVERTON FREITAS DE MORAIS LEORIK PEREIRA DA SILVA MARIA LUIZA DINIZ DE SOUSA LOPES ROSEANA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS Data: Dec 19, 2024 Show Abstract Oral cancer is a significant public health issue worldwide; however, public awareness remains low, and many patients present with advanced-stage disease, contributing to its high mortality rate. This has driven the search for clinical, morphological, and molecular biomarkers that may enhance the understanding of oral carcinogenesis, although this search continues to represent an ongoing challenge for researchers in the field. In this context, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) are highlighted as key regulators of cancer development markers, including apoptosis evasion, angiogenesis induction, dysregulation of energy metabolism, resistance to immune detection and destruction, and activation of invasion and metastasis. In this regard, this doctoral thesis aimed to investigate the current landscape of oral cancer, addressing epidemiological, histomorphological, and immunohistochemical aspects, with a focus on EMT and TME in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The research began with an epidemiological characterization of risk factor exposure in the Brazilian context, advancing to an analysis of the practical and predictive applicability of morphological parameters, the prognostic impact of stromal cell components in the TME, the biological effects of the interaction between EMT and PD-L1 expression, and the impact of EMT on the immunosuppressive microenvironment in OSCC. The results from the studies conducted in this thesis support (1) the existence of a high-risk profile for the development of oral cancer in the Brazilian population, as a reflection of the high exposure to risk factors, (2) the use of the BD grading system and TSR/Tumor budding for predicting aggressiveness in tumors located in the oral tongue and lower lip, (3) the significant prognostic value of stromal components in the TME of OSCC, (4) the existence of a bidirectional interaction between EMT and PD-L1 expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines, and (5) the involvement of EMT in modulating an immunosuppressive microenvironment in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

2023

	Dissertations
1	RAYANE CINTHIA DINO DO NASCIMENTO POTENTIAL AND LIMITATIONS OF THE CITIZEN'S ELECTRONIC RECORD (PEC) AS A CARE AND PLANNING MANAGEMENT TOOL: A NATIONAL AND LOCAL EVALUATION Advisor : ANGELO GIUSEPPE RONCALLI DA COSTA OLIVEIRA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ANGELO GIUSEPPE RONCALLI DA COSTA OLIVEIRA PATRICIA DOS SANTOS CALDERON EDSON HILAN GOMES DE LUCENA Data: Mar 10, 2023 Show Abstract The objective of this study is to analyze oral health indicators at the national level and in a municipality in the interior of Paraíba, as well as the acceptance, ease and perception of use of the Electronic Citizen Record by dentists in Primary Care in the municipality of Cajazeiras -PB.Data collection took place in two stages: first, information will be collected from the e-SUS PEC reports present on the e-Gestor website of the Department of Primary Care of the Ministry of Health, referring to the USF oral health teams, and then to application of a specific and objective questionnaire to assess acceptance, ease and use of the Citizen's Electronic Record (PEC) by dentists registered in the municipality. The results show that the Northeast and North have the lowest resolubility coefficients (46.6 and 50.6) and the highest coverage of the first dental appointment (9.5 and 9.3), however with higher values for extractions (14. 2 and 13.1); as for the proportion of preventive procedures observed, it is noted that the degree of prioritization of preventive care is high in all regions and at the local level, significant variations were observed between USF; regarding the use of the PEC, 76.9% did not receive qualification or training, 23.1% always experience difficulties when handling it and 46.2% are sometimes able to operate all the functions of the system. Therefore, at the local level, the indicator data fit the national average, but there is the possibility of failures in recording and/or quality control, as well as there are limitations to the use of the PEC due to the lack of training for professionals.
2	BÁRBARA BEATRIZ TEIXEIRA LIMA CARDOSO DE SOUZA EFFECT OF XYLITOL INCORPORATION ON THE SURFACE HARDNESS OF A LOW VISCOSITY BULK FILL COMPOSITE Advisor : BONIEK CASTILLO DUTRA BORGES COMMITTEE MEMBERS : BONIEK CASTILLO DUTRA BORGES ISAUREMI VIEIRA DE ASSUNCAO RODOLFO XAVIER DE SOUSA LIMA Data: Jul 20, 2023 Show Abstract Introduction: In view of the need for improved longevity of restorations, the development of antimicrobial resins has become necessary. Xylitol, a natural and biocompatible antimicrobial compound, may be a potential additive to include this property in a flowable bulk fill resin without compromising its integrity. Objective: To evaluate which xylitol concentration (0% or control; 2.5%; 5%) is optimal to develop an antimicrobial resin from a commercial flowable bulk fill resin (Tetric N-Flow Bulk Fill, Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) without modifying its surface microhardness. Methodology: 3 groups (n=12) were obtained by changing the xylitol concentration (0% or control; 2.5%; 5%). To obtain the experimental resins, xylitol powder was incorporated into the flowable resin by manual spatulation for 1 min in a darkroom. Based on an acrylic mold, 5 mm diameter disks were made by curing of a single increment with a 1400 mW/cm² irradiance LED device (Bluephase, Ivoclar Vivadent). The disks were subjected to Vickers microhardness test (HMV-2, Shimadzu, Tokyo, Japan) on the upper side. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test for comparison between groups (p < 0.05). Results: The 5% xylitol group showed lower mean surface microhardness when compared to the 0% and 2.5% groups. Conclusion: Xylitol negatively affected restoration integrity only when a 5% concentration was used.
3	JADERSON FELIPE SANTOS DANTAS DEPTH OF CURE OF A FLOWABLE BULK FILL RESIN COMPOSITE WITH XYLITOL ADDITION Advisor : BONIEK CASTILLO DUTRA BORGES COMMITTEE MEMBERS : BONIEK CASTILLO DUTRA BORGES ISAUREMI VIEIRA DE ASSUNCAO RODOLFO XAVIER DE SOUSA LIMA Data: Jul 20, 2023 Show Abstract Objective: To evaluate the depth of cure of the Tetric® N-Flow Bulk Fill composite resin with xylitol addition at different concentrations and thicknesses. Methodology: The Tetric® N-Flow Bulk Fill resin was mixed with xylitol concentrations (0% [Control], 2.5%, and 5% w/w). Cylindrical samples (n=3) were made in a mold with diameters of 5 mm and thicknesses of 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, and 4 mm, photoactivated for 10 s, and stored at 37º C for 24 h. The specimens were subjected to Vickers microhardness testing, and the depth of cure was obtained through the bottom/top ratio. Non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to compare different thicknesses at the same concentration and different concentrations at the same thickness (p<0.05) using BioEstat 5.3 software. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between different thicknesses at the same concentration, as well as between different concentrations at the same thickness (p=1.0). All specimens showed adequate depth of cure (hardness ratio ≥80%), except for the samples with 4 mm thickness containing 2.5% and 5% xylitol, which showed an average hardness ratio of 78% and 76%, respectively. Conclusion: Under the conditions of this study, it can be concluded that the addition of xylitol to a bulk fill flow resin can affect the depth of cure at 4 mm.
4	ANA BEATRIZ COSTA ALMEIDA EVALUATION OF THE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECT OF SPONDIAS MOMBIN L. EXTRACT IN AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF PERIODONTITIS Advisor : RUTHINEIA DIOGENES ALVES UCHOA LINS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : BRUNO CESAR DE VASCONCELOS GURGEL Ketsia Bezerra Medeiros RUTHINEIA DIOGENES ALVES UCHOA LINS Data: Jul 31, 2023 Show Abstract Periodontitis is a chronic, multifactorial inflammatory disease that affects protective tissues and acquired supports. The hydroethanolic extract of mombin L. spondias (EHSM) has been highlighted due to its antimicrobial action against oral pathogens and its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. The aim of this work was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of EHSM in an experimental model of periodontitis. A pre-clinical, controlled and in vivo test was carried out, using 61 male Wistar rats, randomly distributed in the following groups: saline (n=7); SD (n=14); DP + SM 50 mg/ml (n=12); DP + SM 100mg/kg (n=13) and DP + SM 200 mg/kg (n=15). Gavage was performed daily from the day of periodontitis induction to the 11th experimental day (euthanasia). Blood, gingival and jaw samples were transferred and sent for biochemical, quantitative cytokine (IL-1β and IL-6), histological and computerized microtomographic analyses. For statistical analysis, the parametric ANOVA test was used, followed by Student's t test and the non-parametric Kruskall-Wallis test. The administration of EHSM extract did not cause systemic diseases in the animals, being able to reduce the concentration of IL-6, at a dose of 50mg/kg (p<0.05), and of IL-1β, at a dose of 100mg /kg (p<0.01), as well as improved bone parameters in animals that received EHSM at concentrations of 100mg/kg (p<0.05) and 200mg/kg (p<0.001). In addition, the animals admitted to oral gavage with the extract at concentrations of 100mg/kg (p<0.05) and 200mg/kg (p<0.01) had better histological scores. In conclusion, the findings of this study indicate that EHSM, at different concentrations, presents local anti-inflammatory activity in an experimental in vivo model of periodontitis, without causing any systemic involvement, thus pointing to the potential use of the aforementioned extract in the treatment of this disease.
5	JULLIERME DE OLIVEIRA MORAIS ANTIFUNGAL ACTION AND ANTIBIOFILM POTENTIAL OF DIFFERENT COMPLEMENTARY THERAPIES AGAINST YEASTS OF THE CANDIDA GENUS Advisor : RUTHINEIA DIOGENES ALVES UCHOA LINS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : FRANCISCO LEONARDO DA SILVA JUNIOR GILMARA CELLI MAIA DE ALMEIDA RUTHINEIA DIOGENES ALVES UCHOA LINS Data: Jul 31, 2023 Show Abstract Candidoses are usually treated with antifungals. However, the effect of these drugs is usually compromised by microbial resistance and adverse effects. In this sense, the increase in the prevalence and complexity of multidrug-resistant microorganisms to antimicrobials have incited the search for complementary and alternative therapies capable of acting effectively against the emerging resistance to medicines. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate comparatively the antimicrobial action and the antibiofilm potential, in vitro, between photodynamic therapy (PDT) with methylene blue, phytotherapy, using the hydroethanolic extract of Spondias mombin L (HE) and the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus in the control of yeasts of the Candida genus, namely: Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis and Candida parapsilosis. For this, the inhibitory activity of microbial growth in its planktonic forms and the antibiofilm activity were investigated, in triplicate, using nystatin 100,000UI/mL as a control. Regarding the statistical analysis, in addition to the descriptive interpretation, the Two-Way ANOVA test was applied. Thus, it was observed that all tested therapies exhibited antifungal and antibiofilm activities. However, when these activities were compared between them and also with the control group, it was found that: the HE showed antifungal activity similar to that of the control group, the probiotic showed the lowest antifungal activity and the PDT showed the highest antibiofilm activity for almost all strains, followed by HE and, finally, by the probiotic. Furthermore, the antibiofilm activities of PDT and HE were similar to the control group, but not higher. In this sense, it was possible to conclude that all studied therapies, especially PDT and HE, have antifungal and antibiofilm activities against the strains of the Candida genus tested, and such activities are sometimes similar to the activities of nystatin 100,000UI/mL.
6	SARAH EMILLE GOMES DA SILVA EFFECT OF DIFFERENT FINISHING/POLISHING PROTOCOLS ON FATIGUE RESISTANCE AND WEIBULL MODULE OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF ZIRCONIA Advisor : RODRIGO OTHAVIO DE ASSUNCAO E SOUZA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : PATRICIA DOS SANTOS CALDERON RENATA MARQUES DE MELO RODRIGO OTHAVIO DE ASSUNCAO E SOUZA Data: Aug 14, 2023 Show Abstract Objective: To evaluate the effect of different finishing/polishing protocols on the fatigue strength of new generations of zirconia. Materials and Methods: Ninety (N=90) ceramic discs (Ø:12mm; 1.5mm-ISO 6872) were made, 45 of ultra-translucent zirconia (UT-VITA, Vita Zahnfabrik) and 45 of a 3Y-3Y hybrid zirconia ceramic 3Y-TZP and 5Y-PSZ with translucency gradient (GT-e.max Zircad prime GT, Ivoclar). After the ceramic discs sintering, they were divided into 6 groups (n=15), according to the factors “ceramic (UT and GT)” and “Finishing and polishing protocol” (Diamond burs + Rubbers; Rubbers and Control). The discs were subjected to the fatigue resistance test by the stepwise stress method (5Hz for 10,000 cycles) with a step increment of 50N starting at 100N and continuing until failure. Complementary analyzes of X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and surface roughness were also carried out. Results were statistically evaluated using 2-way ANOVA, Tukey test (5%) and Weibull analysis. Results: The fatigue strength and life cycle number of the two ceramics was influenced by the type of finishing and polishing protocol. The hybrid ceramic showed higher values of resistance to fatigue, as well as a higher rate of survival to fatigue cycles. Conclusion: The finishing and polishing protocol influences the fatigue behavior of the new generations of dental zirconia, with the use of burs revealing the lowest resistance values.
7	JOSÉ JHENIKÁRTERY MAIA DE OLIVEIRA INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF INTEROCLUSAL REGISTRATION AND ARTICULATOR ASSEMBLY TECHNIQUES ON THE TIME TO MANUFACTURE STABILIZING OCCLUSAL PLATES USING DIGITAL WORKFLOW: a randomized controlled clinical trial Advisor : GUSTAVO AUGUSTO SEABRA BARBOSA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : GUSTAVO AUGUSTO SEABRA BARBOSA ADRIANA DA FONTE PORTO CARREIRO ANDRE ULISSES DANTAS BATISTA Data: Aug 18, 2023 Show Abstract Objective: To evaluate the influence of different types of interocclusal registrations and assembly techniques in a virtual articulator on the clinical and laboratory preparation time of stabilizing occlusal splints made by digital workflow (CAD/CAM). Methodology: This is a randomized, double-blind controlled clinical trial, where the sample consisted of 30 patients diagnosed with sleep bruxism, who were randomly randomized into two groups according to the technique of mounting the model on the articulator virtual: GP (flat horizontal group) and GM (camper's table group). Three different types of interocclusal records were also evaluated for making printed occlusal plates, namely: “maximum habitual intercuspation” (MIH), “anterior recording device” (DAR) and “occlusal reeds”; and the techniques for designing the occlusal splints, these steps being subdivided into smoothing and delimitation, mounting the model of the upper model on the articulator (varying in the horizontal plane and camper's table), designing the plate and final adjustments. Based on this, the times (in minutes and seconds) required to perform the clinical and laboratory steps were analyzed. Data were statistically evaluated by T, ANOVA and Tukey tests using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences 22.0 software. Results: There was a statistical difference in the time of interocclusal registration, where MIH (47.94sec) and reed (01:03.01min) were performed in a shorter time when compared to the DAR (03:09.26min) (<0.001 ). The time of the assembly step on the articulator was statistically longer when the registration was performed in MIH and the assembly was performed by lifting the pin on the articulator (01:59.62min), comparing to the DAR (01:07.82min) and the reed (01:07.82min) 01: 06.43min) (<0.001), also showing difference in design (p=0.045) and total time of steps (p=0.033). Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study, it can be stated that using the occlusal palette or registering in MIH demonstrated a shorter clinical time when detected using the RAD technique. Lifting the pin on the articulator led to a longer time to assemble the models, regardless of whether the model was mounted in the horizontal plane or on the camper's table, it increased the time in the CAD step.
8	FERNANDA BEZERRA CABRAL FAGUNDES EFFECT OF LASER CURING BLUE LIGHT EXPOSURE ON THE RETINA OF RATS Advisor : SERGEI GODEIRO FERNANDES RABELO CALDAS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : SERGEI GODEIRO FERNANDES RABELO CALDAS ARTHUR CESAR DE MEDEIROS ALVES ARIANE SALGADO GONZAGA Data: Sep 28, 2023 Show Abstract Introduction: A laser curing light device, emitting blue light, was recently developed, and there are no studies to indicate the hazard effects of this light on the professional operators retina, or to ensure the protective capacity of the filters used for it. Objective: To evaluate the possible ocular effects of exposure to blue light emitted by a laser curing unit device on the retina of Wistar rats, as the protective capacity of recommended glasses with filter. Methodology: Nine Wistar rats were used in the research and their ocular structures were the objects of study. One third of the total number of eyes (n=6) were subjected to acute exposure to light from a laser (Monet®, AMD Lasers), receiving 3 daily incidences, for 24 seconds each, at a distance of 30 cm. Another third (n=6) of the sample received the same exposure protocol to the same light-curing device, but wearing glasses with an eye protection filter recommended by the manufacturer. The third group did not receive blue light, being considered the control group (n=6). Seven days after exposure of the experimental groups, the animals were anesthetized, euthanized, their eyes removed and histologically processed. Using the digitized slides, retinal parameters were measured through stereological analyses. Results: The group that received incidence without using a protective filter showed thermal damage to laser exposure, while the control group and the group that received incidence of light using protective glasses did not show a statistically significant difference in the total volume of the retina and in the volume of the retinal layers. Conclusions: In the used protocol, there was thermal damage to the entire ocular structure exposed to blue laser without the protection use, while the group that received adequate protection had its structure preserved, compared to the control group.
9	FÁBIO FERREIRA DE SOUZA ABBOTT GALVÃO Time and Accuracy od different types of interocclusal registration in obtaining the thickness of stabilizing occlusal splint by digital workflow: in vivo study Advisor : GUSTAVO AUGUSTO SEABRA BARBOSA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : GUSTAVO AUGUSTO SEABRA BARBOSA ERIKA OLIVEIRA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS CAMILA MARIA BASTOS MACHADO DE RESENDE Data: Oct 10, 2023 Show Abstract Objective: To evaluate the time taken to make different types of interocclusal registrations and their precision in obtaining the planned thickness for the stabilizing splint made using the digital workflow. Methodology: It consists of an in vivo study with 30 patients diagnosed with probable sleep bruxism. Individually, the patients had their bite registered with three different types of occlusal registrations: maximum habitual intercuspation (MIH), anterior registration device (DAR) and occlusal reeds. The time required to obtain each record was recorded (in minutes and seconds) and analyzed later. The interocclusal distance corresponding to the planned thickness of the plates was determined to be 2 mm. For DAR and occlusal pick, this distance was created with the help of 2 mm thick posterior occlusal picks. For registration in MIH, it was created by enlarging the incisal pin in the virtual articulator. It was then analyzed using the digital models obtained for each record. Statistically, the and thickness data were evaluated using the ANOVA test and Tukey's post test using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences 22.0 software. Thickness data were analyzed as mean and standard deviation. Results: There was a statistical difference in the time of interocclusal registration, where MIH (47,94sec) and reed (01:03,01min) were performed in a shorter time when compared to the DAR (03:09,26min) (<0.001). Regarding thickness, there was a statistical difference between groups incisal pin (1,85±0,33) and reed records (2,08±0,28), which presented, respectively, the smallest and largest distance between the arches. The average registration with the DAR (2,03±0,45) (0,048) was the closest to the 2mm predicted for the thickness of the plate, followed by the technique with occlusal picks. Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study, it can be concluded that recording using the occlusal palette or in MIH presented a shorter clinical time when compared to the DAR technique. Despite the thickness averages being close, the DAR technique was the method that came closest to the estimated thickness for the occlusal splints.
10	ISIANNE KELLY MOURA CERQUEIRA ANTIMICROBIAL EVALUATION OF A LOW VISCOSITY BULK FILL RESIN WITH XYLITOL INSERTION Advisor : BONIEK CASTILLO DUTRA BORGES COMMITTEE MEMBERS : BONIEK CASTILLO DUTRA BORGES ISAUREMI VIEIRA DE ASSUNCAO MARIA ALICE PIMENTEL FUSCELLA Data: Oct 20, 2023 Show Abstract Introduction: Bulk Fill resins are in good demand among professionals, as their use reduces clinical time and improves the quality of restorations, but they do not have antibacterial activity, which is one of the factors that still hurt people's lives. Biomodification with xylitol aims to improve its clinical characteristics. Objective: To evaluate the antimicrobial action of a Bulk Fill flow resin after inserting xylitol. Methodology: Tetric® N-Flow Bulk Fill resin was mixed with xylitol concentrations (0% [Control], 2.5% and 5% w/w). Cylindrical samples (n=5 from the control group and n=3 from the other groups) were made in acrylic molds with a diameter of 2 mm thick, light-cured for 10 s and stored at 37º C for 24 h. The specimens were sterilized by ultraviolet light for 20 minutes before being placed in a sterile 48-well plate, with 0.5 mL of Mueller Hinton broth added to each well. The plate was incubated at 37 ± 1 ˚C for 48 hours. After the incubation period, the specimens were gently removed, and microbial growth was indicated by adding 100 μL of 0.01% resazurin (SigmaAldrich) aqueous solution with subsequent incubation at 37 ± 1 ˚C for two hours. Viable microorganisms reduce the dye, changing its color from blue to pink. The MIC was defined as the lowest concentration of the substance that inhibited the color change of resazurin. In 0.12%, chlorhexidine was added to a well containing the control group to compare the results generated from the test groups. Result: There was no inhibition of bacterial growth in the wells with inocula containing S. mutans and the resin specimen with xylitol added. Conclusion: This study showed that adding 2.5% and 5% Xylitol to the Tetric® N-Flow Bulk Fill resin did not inhibit bacterial growth.
11	RÉGIA CARLA MEDEIROS DA SILVA CLINICAL AND RADIOGRAPHIC COMPARISONS OF TWO LOW-POWER LASER APPLICATION TECHNIQUES AS AN ADJUNCT TO BASIC PERIODONTAL THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH PERIODONTITIS: A CONTROLLED AND RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL Advisor : ANA RAFAELA LUZ DE AQUINO MARTINS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ANA RAFAELA LUZ DE AQUINO MARTINS BRUNO CESAR DE VASCONCELOS GURGEL MARIANA LINHARES ALMEIDA Data: Nov 29, 2023 Show Abstract Background: Photobiomodulation has been used as an adjunct to basic periodontal therapy (BPT) due to its effects on inflammation modulation and acceleration of tissue repair. However, there isn't a standardized protocol for laser application. Aim: To evaluate and compare two techniques of low-power laser application - transgingival (LBPT) and intrasulcular (LBPI) - used in Photobiomodulation as an adjunct to BPT in patients with periodontitis. Methods: This is a randomized, split-mouth, double-blind clinical trial where, from each patient, 3 diseased sites (with interproximal attachment loss of at least 1 mm and probing depth of 4 mm or more), in different quadrants, were selected for one of three treatment groups: RAR group (control group), RAR + LBPT group (test 1), and RAR + LBPI group (test 2). Low-power laser therapy in the test groups was performed at three time points - 48 hours, 7, and 14 days after completing full-mouth RAR. Clinical parameters of probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and bleeding on probing (BOP) were assessed before treatment (T0), and at 3 months (T1) and 6 months (T2). Additionally, standardized periapical radiographs were used to measure and compare radiographic bone density 6 months after treatment completion. ANOVA for repeated measures was used for quantitative variables, and the chi-square test for the categorical variable using a significance level of p < 0.05 and confidence intervals of 95%. Results: Statistically significant reductions in PD (p < 0.001) and CAL (p < 0.001) were observed in all three treatment groups at 3 and 6 months compared to baseline, with no significant differences between the groups. No difference in radiographic bone density was found between the treatment groups at 6 months. Conclusion: With the limitations of this study, the results suggest that compared to isolated BPT, adjunct photobiomodulation does not bring additional benefits, regardless of the laser application technique used. .
12	APOENA MEDEIROS PINHEIRO DUTRA LONGITUDINAL CLINICAL EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF IMPLANTOPLASTY IN PATIENTS WITH PERI-IMPLANTITIS: 24-MONTH FOLLOW-UP. Advisor : BRUNO CESAR DE VASCONCELOS GURGEL COMMITTEE MEMBERS : BRUNO CESAR DE VASCONCELOS GURGEL RUTHINEIA DIOGENES ALVES UCHOA LINS MARIANA LINHARES ALMEIDA Data: Dec 21, 2023 Show Abstract The approaches proposed for the treatment of peri-implantitis can be mechanical, surgical, chemical and/or physical. Among them, implantoplasty stands out, which consists of the mechanical modification of the implant surface. The study aimed to evaluate different clinical parameters by comparing the effect of implantoplasty with mechanical debridement in patients with peri-implantitis at 3 (T1), 6 (T2), 12 (T3) and 24 (T4) months. The 13 participants included in the study were randomly distributed into two groups with 15 implants each: surgical access + mechanical debridement (Control Group, I, n=15) and surgical access + mechanical debridement + implantoplasty (Test Group, II, n=15). The following clinical parameters were examined: Visible Plaque Index (VPI), Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI), Probing Depth (PD), Bleeding on Probing (BOP), and Keratinized Mucosal Range (KMW). The results showed that 63.6% were women and 36.4% were men. The Mann-Whitney test showed that during the T1 follow-up period, the values were higher in the Test Group (VPI=87.5% and GBI=12.5%) than those observed in the Control Group (VPI=37.5 % and GBI=0%), however, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups for any other follow-up period (p>0.05). For the other parameters analyzed (PD, KMW, BOP), no significant differences were observed between the evaluation periods between the two groups (p>0.05), except at T4 for the PS parameter, in which the probing depth of the Test Group was larger than the Control (2.83mm and 1.66mm respectively). The Friedman Test showed that there was a significant reduction in clinical parameters over time for both groups. Conclusion: the addition of implantoplasty improves clinical parameters in the surgical treatment of peri-implantitis up to 24 months of follow-up, but did not present superiority in relation to surgical access and mechanical debridement.
	Thesis
1	RODOLFO XAVIER DE SOUSA LIMA DEVELOPMENT AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF A RESIN-BASED SEALANT WITH ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES ASSOCIATED WITH THE INCORPORATION OF SCHINOPSIS BRASILIENSIS STEM EXTRACT (BRAÚNA) Advisor : BONIEK CASTILLO DUTRA BORGES COMMITTEE MEMBERS : BONIEK CASTILLO DUTRA BORGES ISABELITA DUARTE AZEVEDO ISAUREMI VIEIRA DE ASSUNCAO LETICIA VIRGINIA DE FREITAS CHAVES LUANA MARIA MARTINS DE AQUINO Data: Jan 27, 2023 Show Abstract Introduction: dental sealants have a preventive and therapeutic activity in the prevention and treatment of dental caries. However, there are no reports of these materials with antimicrobial properties and the addition of phytotherapy molecules would be an option to solve this limitation. Objectives: to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of the Fluroshield® sealant with the addition of the stem extract of Schinopsis brasiliensis (Braúna), as well as the potential for releasing the active ingredient, degree of conversion and immediate enamel bond strength. Methodology: this is an experimental in vitro study. Braúna barks were dried at 40 ± 1 °C and the ethanolic extract was obtained by percolation of Schinopsis brasiliensis bark powder. The commercial sealant Fluroshield (Dentsply) was enriched with the proportions by mass (g) [0% (Control), 20%, 10%, 5%, 2.5% and 1.25%]. The evaluation of the Inhibition of Biofilm Formation was carried out, the release of the active principle (gallic acid) was measured with Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC), the immediate bond strength (BS) to the dental tissue was evaluated with microshear and the degree of conversion (DC) with Micro-Raman. Final values were submitted to Shapiro-Wilky (p > 0.05) and Levene normality tests. Parametric data were submitted to analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA) with Tukey's post-test (p <0.05) and non-parametric data through the Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn's post-test using the GraphPad Prism software 8 and Microsoft Excel 2018. Results: materials with a higher % of extract had a lower DC, there was no statistically significant difference for BS between the different groups, there was release of the active principle in all materials and groups with 20% and 10 % of extract by mass were able to inhibit biofilm formation similarly to the positive control (0.12% chlorhexidine). Conclusion: the addition of Schinopsis brasiliensis extract in concentrations between 10% and 20% is a promising alternative for obtaining antimicrobial properties in resin sealants.
2	DENNYS RAMON DE MELO FERNANDES ALMEIDA INFLUENCE OF THE HIPPO PATHWAY IN THE REPAIR OF CHEMICALLY INDUCED ORAL MUCOSITIS IN THE MURINE MODEL SUBJECTED TO LASER TREATMENT, ROYAL JELLY OR PROPOLIS. Advisor : MARCIA CRISTINA DA COSTA MIGUEL COMMITTEE MEMBERS : CARLOS AUGUSTO GALVAO BARBOZA ERICKA JANINE DANTAS DA SILVEIRA GLÓRIA MARIA DE FRANÇA LUIZ ARTHUR BARBOSA DA SILVA MARCIA CRISTINA DA COSTA MIGUEL Data: Mar 3, 2023 Show Abstract The hippo pathway is a highly conserved signal transduction pathway that is implicated in cell/tissue development, homeostasis and regeneration. YAP plays a key role in the hippo pathway since, together with TAZ, they activate transcription factors that lead to cell growth, differentiation and migration. The YAP/TAZ phosphorylation mechanism by LATS1/LATS2 creates a binding site to keep YAP in the cytoplasm (phosphorylated) preventing its functions at the nuclear level. Given the important functions of this pathway in tissue repair and growth, this research evaluated the immunostaining profile of YAP and LATS2 proteins in oral mucositis (OM) chemically induced by 5-fluororacil (5-FU), in a murine model, treated with propolis ( P), royal jelly (GR) and laser (FBM) compared to the control group (C) without treatment. Samples of male wistar rats divided into the following groups were used: control (C), propolis (P), royal jelly (GR) and laser (FBM) (intraoral 6 J/cm2) separated into three experimental times: days 08, 10 and 14. In the YAP immunostaining analysis, on day 08, the control group obtained scores 0 and 1 in most samples, while on days 10 and 14 most samples obtained scores 2 and 3. In the experimental groups (P, GR, and FBM), score 2 prevailed at all experimental times. For LATS2 there was a prevalence of score 2 both in the control and experimental groups. Regarding the statistical analysis of the immunoexpression of the YAP protein, there was a statistically significant difference (p= 0.020), only on day 08 between the control group compared to the experimental groups (P, GR and FBM). The for LATS2, no statistical difference was found. In the statistical evaluation of the different experimental times within the same group, a statistically significant difference was only found in the laser group and only for LATS2 (p=0.025). Additionally, the spearman correlation was performed between YAP and LATS2 for all groups, but there was no statistically significant association. The greater immunoexpression of YAP and LATS2 (scores 2 and 3) observed the experimental groups indicates that the hippo pathway is activated and seems to influence the repair process in chemically induced oral mucositis treated by different methods.
3	RANI IANI COSTA GONÇALO The influence of Yes-associated protein (YAP) on cell proliferation and apoptosis in benign epithelial odontogenic lesions Advisor : LELIA MARIA GUEDES QUEIROZ COMMITTEE MEMBERS : AMANDA KATARINNY GOES GONZAGA DENISE HELEN IMACULADA PEREIRA DE OLIVEIRA LELIA BATISTA DE SOUZA LELIA MARIA GUEDES QUEIROZ LEORIK PEREIRA DA SILVA Data: Mar 17, 2023 Show Abstract Background: Odontogenic cysts and tumors present heterogeneous biological behavior, and their etiopathogenesis is not fully understood yet. Yes-associated protein (YAP) acts as a transcriptional regulator of genes involved in cell proliferation and apoptosis, activating pathways associated with cystic growth and neoplastic progression. Objective: To analyze the immunohistochemical expression of YAP protein and correlate it with markers involved in cell proliferation and apoptosis in benign epithelial odontogenic lesions. Methods: The sample consisted of 95 cases of odontogenic lesions - 25 dentigerous cysts (DCs), 30 non-syndromic OKCs (OKCs), 30 conventional AMB (C-AMBs), and 10 unicystic AMB (U-AMBs) -, in addition to 10 specimens of dental follicles (DF). Clinicodemographic data collection was carried out, as well as morphological analysis for better characterization of the sample. The histological sections were submitted to the immunohistochemical technique using YAP, cyclin D1, Ki-67, and Bcl-2 antibodies, and their immunoexpression analysis was performed through an adapted methodology. The collected data were submitted for descriptive and statistical analysis (p ≤ 0.05). Results: There was a slight predilection for women (n = 55; 57.6%) and individuals aged between 21 and 40 years (n = 50; 47.6%), with the posterior region of the mandible as the most affected site (64%). Except for DFs, in all groups of lesions, there was a predominance of a more densely collagenized capsule/stroma (n = 81; 77.15%). Analysis of YAP immunoexpression revealed higher expression levels in OKCs, especially in the basal and parabasal layers, followed by U-AMBs and C-AMBs, which showed moderate immunoreactivity, predominantly in peripheral cells. In addition, there were significant differences in YAP immunoexpression between the analyzed groups, with positive and statistically significant correlations between YAP and cyclin D1 in DCs and U-AMBs, and between YAP and Ki-67 in U-AMBs (p < 0.05). However, between YAP and Bcl-2 immunoexpression, there was no statistically significant correlation. Conclusions: YAP influences the cell proliferation of odontogenic cysts and tumors epithelium, thus helping with the progression of the different odontogenic lesions.
4	NELMARA SOUSA E SILVA ANALYSIS OF BAX AND MMP9 IMMUNOEXPRESSION IN ORAL LICHEN PLANUS Advisor : ANTONIO DE LISBOA LOPES COSTA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : AMANDA KATARINNY GOES GONZAGA ANTONIO DE LISBOA LOPES COSTA GLÓRIA MARIA DE FRANÇA HEBEL CAVALCANTI GALVAO MARIA DE LOURDES SILVA DE ARRUDA MORAIS Data: Jul 28, 2023 Show Abstract Background: Oral lichen planus is a relatively common immune-mediated chronic disease that affects the oral mucosa. Clinically, OLP is classified into six well-identified patterns: plaque, reticular, bullous, atrophic, papular, and erosive. The most common being the reticular and erosive types. The activation of TCD4+ lymphocytes in the LPO can induce keratinocytes to the process of apoptosis through the cytotoxic immune response. Thus, the present research consisted of a retrospective, descriptive, quantitative and comparative cross-sectional study. Objective: to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of MMP9 and Bax proteins in OLP. Methods: We used 20 cases of Inflammatory Fibrous Hyperplasia as control. The results were analyzed through the appropriate statistical tests and will be considered significant, values where p<0.05. Results: The immunoexpression of MMP9 was significantly higher in keratinocytes and when the subtypes of oral lichen planus were analyzed, no statistical differences were observed between the reticular and erosive types for the proteins analyzed. Conclusions: With these observations, it is inferred that the alteration in the expression of the studied proteins suggests a disturbance in the proliferative and apoptotic mechanisms, which are associated with a pathological behavior of the oral mucosa, and consequently with a repercussion on the lesions of OLP, and we can also conclude that the immunoexpression of these proteins had no difference, when related to the reticular or erosive clinical type. This research aims to contribute to a greater understanding of the possible cellular mechanisms involved in the etiopathogenesis of this lesion, thus enabling the understanding of the clinical aspects of the pathology.
5	MARIANA CARVALHO XEREZ IMMUNOEXPESION OF CLIC4, α-SMA, E-CADHERIN, AND VIMENTIN IN BENIGN EPITHELIAL DENTAL LESIONS Advisor : ANTONIO DE LISBOA LOPES COSTA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ANTONIO DE LISBOA LOPES COSTA HEBEL CAVALCANTI GALVAO MANUEL ANTONIO GORDON NUNEZ MARIA DE LOURDES SILVA DE ARRUDA MORAIS PEDRO PAULO DE ANDRADE SANTOS Data: Aug 24, 2023 Show Abstract Benign epithelial odontogenic lesions constitute a heterogeneous group of lesions that may present indolent or aggressive biological behavior. The CLIC4 protein is related to cell cycle regulation, also participating in the transdifferentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts that begin to express α-SMA. Furthermore, studies have revealed that CLIC4 expression can interfere with the TEM process in neoplasms. Taking into account the heterogeneity of the biological behavior of benign epithelial odontogenic lesions and the absence of studies that have evaluated the expression of the CLIC4 protein and its action in the transdifferentiation of myofibroblasts and its possible participation in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process in these lesions, this work evaluated the immunoexpression of CLIC4, α-SMA, E-cadherin, and Vimentin in ameloblastomas (AM) (n = 16), odontogenic keratocyst (n=20) and adenomatoid odontogenic tumors (AOT) (n=8). The analysis of the immunohistochemical expression of CLIC4, E-cadherin, and vimentin proteins in the epithelial component of the lesions and of CLIC4 and α-SMA in the connective tissue was performed in a semi-quantitative manner by a previously calibrated evaluator. The expression in the epithelial component of CLIC4 was analyzed separately in the nucleus and the cytoplasm, as well as the E-cadherin labeling evaluated in the membrane and the cytoplasm. Comparisons of the percentages of immunoreactivity in the groups studied were performed using the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. The Spearman correlation test evaluated possible correlations between the expression of CLIC4, α-SMA, E-cadherin, and Vimentin. The significance level was set at 5% (p < 0.05). Different marking patterns were observed between the analyzed groups, noting that the exclusively cytoplasmic immunoexpression of CLIC4 in the epithelial component of AM and TOA was significantly higher than that found in the epithelium of OC (p < 0.001), not demonstrating statistical significance between AM and TOA. Immunoexpression (nuclear and cytoplasmic) of CLIC4 in the CO epithelial lining was significantly higher than that found in the epithelial component of AM and TOA (p < 0.001). CLIC4 stromal immunoexpression was significantly higher in AM (p = 0.009) and CO (p = 0.004) than in TOA. α-SMA immunoexpression is significantly higher in AM (p = 0.016) and CO (p = 0.034) when compared to TOA. The membrane immunoexpression of E-cadherin in CO was significantly higher than that found in AM (p = 0.009) and TOA (p = 0.024). A greater immunoexpression of E-cadherin (membrane and cytoplasmic) was observed in OCs when compared to AM and TOAs (p < 0.001). Cytoplasmic E-cadherin expression was significantly higher in AM and TOA compared to OC. Also, there was a statistically significant difference in the immunoexpression of vimentin between AM cases and TOA and CO cases (p = 0.038; p < 0.001, respectively), as well as between TOA and CO (p < 0.001). The correlations tested between the scores of the proteins studied showed that in the AM group, it was possible to show a moderate positive and statistically significant correlation (r = 0.527; p = 0.036) between the cytoplasmic expression of CLIC4 and the cytoplasmic expression of E-cadherin. A weak positive and statistically significant correlation (r = -0.499; p = 0.049) was also verified between the nucleus-cytoplasmic expression of CLIC4 and the cytoplasmic expression of E-cadherin in AM. In addition, a moderate positive and statistically significant correlation (r = 0.648; p = 0.007) between stromal CLIC4 expression and α-SMA expression in AM and OC. Finally, a strong negative and statistically significant correlation (r = -0.813; p < 0.001) was observed between E-cadherin and vimentin expression in AM. The results of this study suggest a potential involvement of CLIC4 in the process of transdifferentiation of myofibroblasts and that the presence of these cells is more frequently associated with lesions with more aggressive biological behavior such as AM and CO, in addition to a possible role of this protein in regulating the cell cycle and MET in the lesions studied.

2022

	Dissertations
1	MARIA EDUARDA LIMA DO NASCIMENTO MARINHO IMPACT OF THE BIOMODIFICATION WITH SCHINOPSIS BRASILIENSIS (BRAÚNA) STEM EXTRACT ON THE ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH OF A RESIN-BASED SEALANT Advisor : BONIEK CASTILLO DUTRA BORGES COMMITTEE MEMBERS : BONIEK CASTILLO DUTRA BORGES DÉBORA MICHELLE GONÇALVES DE AMORIM LETICIA VIRGINIA DE FREITAS CHAVES Data: Mar 7, 2022 Show Abstract Introduction: resin-based sealants have a high success rate in preventing dental caries, but they do not have antibacterial activity, so that a high incidence of caries lesions is observed, which negatively impacts on health quality. The biomodification with the Schinopsis brasiliensis (Braúna) stem extract may be an alternative to improve its clinical characteristics. Objective: To evaluate if the biomodification of the Fluroshield® sealant with different amounts of Schinopsis brasiliensis affects its ultimate tensile strength. Methods: the extract was weighed on an analytical balance and mixed with the sealant in different concentrations: 0 mg/mL (control), 2 mg/mL, 0.5 mg/mL and 0.125 mg/mL by means of a centrifugal machine. Bar-shaped specimens with dimensions of 8 mm x 2 mm x 1 mm were prepared (n=3). The ultimate tensile strength was measured using a microtensile machine (OM100). Before testing, the sectional area (mm2) was obtained with a caliper. Data were obtained in Kgf and transformed into MPa. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test (p<0.05). Results: The maximum tensile strength in median (minimum-maximum) of the 0 mg/mL (control), 2 mg/mL, 0.5 mg/mL and 0.125 mg/mL groups was, respectively, 56 (29-56), 53 (45-60), 48 (46-62) and 61 (38-64). There were no statistically significant differences among the groups (p=0.8). Conclusion: the addition of Schinopsis brasiliensis stem extract did not decrease the ultimate tensile strength of the Fluroshield® sealant.
2	JABES GENNEDYR DA CRUZ LIMA CLINICAL-DEMOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS, SYSTEMIC ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION WITH SECONDARY BURNING ORAL DIAGNOSIS: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY Advisor : PATRICIA TEIXEIRA DE OLIVEIRA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : PATRICIA TEIXEIRA DE OLIVEIRA AMANDA KATARINNY GOES GONZAGA GLÓRIA MARIA DE FRANÇA Data: Jun 4, 2022 Show Abstract Burning Mouth (ABS) can present a systemic picture, a differential diagnosis, presented and Secondary of the oral mucosa should be included in the systemic picture of Burning Mouth (SAB). The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there is an association between the complaint of Secondary Burning Mouth, type II DM and SAH, in addition to the use of medications for such conditions. It was characterized as a retrospective, case-control, consisting of 102 patients with ABS with SAH or type II DM, and a control group consisting of 102 patients studied by age and sex, with SAH or type II DM and without complaints of type II burning and without complaints of type II burning and without complaints of type II burning. (Comparison between groups and Pearson's chi-square test (χ2) and Fisher's exact tests were used, in addition to the 95% odds ratio (OR) test. The multivariate logistic model was also applied, for (of the adjusted odds ratio). After analysis, gastritis was identified as a risk factor for ABS (Ora=2,50; 95% CI = 1.3–4.74; p=0.005). The use of antihypertensive subclasses, such as beta-blockers (ORa = 0.36; 95% CI = 0.16-0.80; p=0.012), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ORa = 0.19; CI 95% = 0.06-0.56; p=0.003) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ORa = 0.26; 95% CI = 0.14-0.49; p<0.001) proved to be factors protection for the ABS.
3	CECÍLIA SANTOS GALVÃO CLINICAL AND LABORATORY CONFECTION TIME OF CONVENTIONAL X MILLED OCCLUSAL SPLINT IN PATIENTS WITH BRUXISM: CLINICAL TRIAL Advisor : ERIKA OLIVEIRA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ERIKA OLIVEIRA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS LAERCIO ALMEIDA DE MELO Paulo Cézar Simamoto Júnior Data: Jul 26, 2022 Show Abstract The aim of the study was to compare the clinical and laboratory preparation time and clinical adjustments for the installation of conventional thermopolymerizable resin splint (CS) and milled CAD/CAM (MS) occlusal splints in patients with sleep bruxism. For this purpose, a controlled and non-randomized clinical trial was carried out in which patients diagnosed with probable sleep bruxism were included. CS (N= 24) and MS (N= 24) were prepared and the clinical preparation time (CPT), laboratory preparation time (LPT) and installation time (IT) were measured for each of the splints. The Mann-whitney test was used in the SPSS IBM Statistics program to analyze whether there is a difference between the analyzed times and the type splint performed. As a result, it was found that CS had higher total CPT (mean of 38,03 min) in relation to MS (17,90 min) (p0<001). However, the total LPT of the CS was lower (164,84 min) than the MS (185,36min) (p=0.015). For the IT, it was found that the MS had an average of 22,83min, while the CS had 37,19min (p0<001). In conclusion, within the limitations of the study, it was observed that the milled splint had a shorter clinical time both in the manufacturing and installation stages. However, the laboratory preparation time of the conventional splint was shorter.
4	JULLIANY TAVERNY SOUSA Immunoexpression of ING3 and cyclin D1 proteins between epithelial dysplasias and epidermoid carcinomas of the tongue. Advisor : LEAO PEREIRA PINTO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : KEILA MARTHA AMORIM BARROSO LEAO PEREIRA PINTO LELIA MARIA GUEDES QUEIROZ Data: Jul 28, 2022 Show Abstract Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a malignant neoplasm of complex pathogenesis. In turn, oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) is an entity that, depending on its evolution, exhibits varied risks of malignant transformation to OSCC. The altered expression of tumor suppressor genes and cell cycle regulatory proteins are related to the etiopathogenesis of different malignant tumors. Among the tumor suppressor genes, the family of inhibitors of growth (ING) stands out, which prevents uncontrolled cell formation. Amid the cell cycle regulatory proteins, Cyclin D1 acts in the progression from S to G1 phase, allowing cell proliferation. The aim of the present study was to analyze the immunoexpression of ING3 and Cyclin D1 proteins in 28 OED and 25 OSCC specimens, located on the tongue, as well as morphologically evaluate and reclassify the lesions according to the criteria established by the World Health Organization (WHO) and by Kujan et al. (2006), for OED; by Almagunsh et al. (2015) for OSCC. Protein immunoexpression was quantitatively evaluated, considering the cellular location (cytoplasmic and/or nuclear for ING3 and nuclear for Cyclin D1), present in the epithelial component. Protein expression was compared between the two groups of samples, as well as with the clinical-pathological parameters of the lesions studied, through the Mann-Whitney (U) statistical tests and the Spearman correlation test, adopting a significance level of 5% for all tests considering the value of p≤ 0.05. Of the 28 cases of OED analyzed, 53.6% were high-risk lesions according to the binary model and of the 25 cases of OSCC analyzed, 48% were considered high-risk scores according to the BD model. No statistically significant associations were found between the morphological variables of the lesions studied and the clinical characteristics (p>0.05). A statistically significant difference was observed between the absence of ING3 expression and the grading of OEDs, according to the WHO (p<0.05). Regarding the expression of Cyclin D1, it was significantly higher in OED, when compared to OSCC cases (p<0.05). Nucleocytoplasmic ING3 expression was significantly lower in OSCC cases when compared to OED cases (p<0.05). Cytoplasm-restricted ING3 expression was higher in OED cases when compared to OSCC cases (p<0.05). The results of the present study suggest that, although there is no evidence of a significant relationship between the expression of proteins and the histopathological gradations of the lesions, there is a notable decrease in the nuclear expression of ING3, with an increase in the severity of the lesions, indicating an altered tumor suppressor function. of this protein in OED and OSCCs. We also highlight the increased expression of Cyclin D1 in OEDs, showing that these lesions have a significant rate of cell proliferation.
5	KATRYNE TARGINO RODRIGUES EVALUATION OF THE PROBIOTIC LACTOBACILLUS RHAMNOSUS EM1107 ADJUNCT TO PERIODONTAL THERAPY IN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF PERIODONTITIS Advisor : ANA RAFAELA LUZ DE AQUINO MARTINS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ANA RAFAELA LUZ DE AQUINO MARTINS BRUNO CESAR DE VASCONCELOS GURGEL RACHEL DE QUEIROZ FERREIRA RODRIGUES Data: Jul 28, 2022 Show Abstract Periodontal disease (PD) is characterized by a host-mediated immune-inflammatory response associated with pathogens, which compromises the protective and supporting tissues of the periodontium. It is commonly treated through non-surgical periodontal therapy in the form of scaling and root surface planing (SRP). However, in some situations, such as in the control of deep periodontal pockets, which are difficult to access and with destruction and progression of the disease over time, the practice of adjuvant therapies is indicated. In this sense, the aim of this study is to evaluate the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of the administration of the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus EM1107 (LR) as an adjunct to the basic periodontal treatment of ligature-induced periodontitis in mice. For the study, the periodontal disease induction model was used by placing a 4.0 silk ligature around the upper left second molar of mice. The animals were divided into four groups: Group I: - PD – LR - RAR; Group II: + PD – LR - RAR; Group III: + PD – LR + RAR; Group IV: + PD + LR + RAR. Biochemical analyzes of liver and kidney functions, leukocyte count, intestinal tissue concentration of glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and expression of blood cytokines IL-1β and IL-6 were performed. The analysis of biochemical parameters revealed values above the standards in the levels of TGO/AST for groups II, III and IV. All groups maintained TGP/ALT, urea and creatinine levels within reference values. The number of leukocytes was also within the reference standards for all groups. No statistically significant differences were found between groups for tissue levels of GSH and SOD. For MDA, an increase in levels was observed in relation to the PD + RACR group, whose difference was statistically significant in relation to the positive control and negative control groups (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the concentration of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6, despite a reduction in tissue concentrations of IL-1β in relation to the group that received the probiotic and their respective controls. There was also lower expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 in the PD + RACR group compared to the other groups. The use of Lactobacillus rhamnosus EM1107 in the adjuvant treatment of experimental ligature-induced periodontitis in mice was able to modulate the oxidative stress generated from the reduction in the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and although there was no statistically significant difference, it was able to reduce the inflammatory marker IL-1β.
6	DÉBORA FROTA COLARES IMMUNOEXPRESSION OF E-CADHERIN , SNALIL 1 AND VIMENTIN PROTEINS IN SALIVARY GLAND TUMORS Advisor : LELIA BATISTA DE SOUZA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : CIRO DANTAS SOARES LELIA BATISTA DE SOUZA MARCIA CRISTINA DA COSTA MIGUEL Data: Aug 3, 2022 Show Abstract Salivary gland tumors (SGTs) comprise about 2% to 10% of head and neck tumors and are known for their morphologic diversity and biologic behavior. Some features of malignant neoplasms, such as tumor invasion and distant metastasis, might have the participation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), event in which proteins like E-cadherin, Vimentin and Snail1 are directly involved. This study aimed to analyze, by means of immunohistochemistry, the expression of these proteins, as well as to relate their expressions to clinical-pathological features of pleomorphic adenomas (PAs), adenoid cystic carcinomas (ACCs) and carcinomas ex-pleomorphic adenomas (CXPAs) located in minor and major salivary glands. This was a semi-quantitatively analysis which comprised 20 PAs, 20 ACCs and 10 CXPAs. Analysis of E-cadherin was made considering membranar and/or cytoplasmatic expression in parenchymal cells. For Snail1, it was considered the reaction of the protein in nucleus and/or cytoplasm of parenchymal cells. Vimentin was evaluated in cytoplasm of fusiform stromal cells. Data were compared and correlated adopting a level of significance of 5% (p ≤ 0,05). Marked immunoexpression for E-cadherin was found mostly in the cytoplasm of non-luminal neoplastic cells in SGTs; membrane reaction for the protein, seen in luminal cells, was higher in malignant tumors (p = 0,041). Snail1 was more expressed in nucleus, mostly of non-luminal cells of SGTs, with this reactivity being higher in malignant tumors (p = 0,012). Nuclear positivity for this marker was also higher for ACCs and CXPAs when compared with PAs separately (p = 0,037 e p = 0,025, respectively). No significant differences between E-cadherin and Snail1 and other clinical-pathological parameters were found (p > 0,05). Vimentin was seen in the stroma of all cases, being more diffuse and intense in ACCs. No significant differences between this marker and clinical-pathological parameters were found (p > 0,05). Positive correlations between membranar and cytoplasmatic E-cadherin in PAs, ACCs and CXPAs were observed (p = 0,002; p < 0,001; p = 0,031), as well as between nuclear and cytoplasmatic Snail1 and between cytoplasmatic E-cadherin and nuclear Snail1 in PAs (p = 0,009; p =0,032). Negative correlations between membranar E-cadherin and cytoplasmatic Snail1 were observed, as well as between nuclear Snail1 and Vimentin in ACCs (p = 0,036; p = 0,021). This last correlation, as well as positive correlation between membranar and cytoplasmatic E-cadherin were also seen when ACCs and CXPAs were grouped (p = 0,0011; p < 0,001). These results suggest that the participation of these proteins in EMT might be related to cellular differentiation in PAs and to tumoral progression in malignant tumors. In addition, it can be infered that the expression of E-cadherin and Snail1 in malignant tumors might reflect the plasticity seen in EMT process. Furthermore, the possible rule of Vimentin in the identification of neoplastic cells, in later stages of EMT, in the stroma of SGTs, is highlighted.
7	RAFAELA ALCINDO SILVA DE SOUSA FÉ EVALUATION OF THE PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL AND OSTEOGENIC PROPERTIES OF PORTLAND CEMENT ASSOCIATED WITH NIOBIUM Advisor : AURIGENA ANTUNES DE ARAUJO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : DANIEL PINTO DE OLIVEIRA FABIO ROBERTO DAMETTO RODRIGO OTHAVIO DE ASSUNCAO E SOUZA Data: Aug 4, 2022 Show Abstract Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) is a material used for reparative purposes in Endodontics, characterized by its biocompatibility, radiopacity, low solubility and antimicrobial action. Composition of 75% Portland Cement (CP), 20% Bismuth Oxide (Bi2O3) and 5% Gypsum (CaSO4). However, Bi2O3 compromises essential properties of MTA. This work aimed to develop, characterize and evaluate the osteogenic activity of PC formulations with different proportions of Niobium oxide (Nb2O5), replacing Bi2O3. Three groups were used, one control and two experimental: GC (MTA Angelus®), F6 (75% CP, 20% Nb2O5 and 5% CaSO4) and F7 (75% CP, 10% Bi2O3, 10% Nb2O5e 5% CaSO4) . The formulations were submitted to X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (FRX), pH, setting, radiopacity, compressive strength, cytotoxicity and bioactivity. The data obtained were statistically evaluated by the test of variance (ANOVA) with Bonferroni correction (p<0.05%). The pH test result: Niobium 10% Immediate (12.205 ±0.304); 24h; (12.770 ± 0.226) 48h: (12.910 ± 0.169). Niobium 20%: immediate (12.080 ± 0.282); 24h: (12.350 ± 0.593); 48 h: (12.580 ± 0.73). For initial setting time in seconds: MTA (397,500 ±10,606); Niobium 10% (294,333 + 90,897) and Niobium 20% (279,000 + 15,874). The final setting time for the groups were: MTA (15,000 + 49,497), Niobium 10% (560 ± 38,587), being smaller when compared to MTA (p<0,001) and Niobium 20% (715,666 ± 30,664) (p<0 .01). Radiopacity values in mm Al of 10% Niobium (3.888 ±0.340); Niobium 20% (3.713 ± 0.712). The compressive strength in MPa was: Niobium 10% (694.150 + 78.951) Niobium 20% (699.295 + 47.672). Cell viability showed no difference between MTA and experimental groups (p<0.05). The results of the osteogenesis capacity of the formulations from the alkaline phosphatase assay (ALF) in IU/L per gram of protein for each group were: MTA (1.9 + 1.227) and Niobium 20% (1.784 + 1.342) (p> 0.05). Our findings point to relevant properties for Nb2O5 formulations such as alkaline pH, radiopacity, compressive strength and alkaline phosphatase activity. We suggest additional in vivo studies to prove biocompatibility.
8	CAIO RODRIGUES MAIA Use of Cell Morphometry in the Neoplastic Microenvironment and Its Relation to Interleukin-4 Immunoexpression. Advisor : PEDRO PAULO DE ANDRADE SANTOS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : PEDRO PAULO DE ANDRADE SANTOS CARLOS AUGUSTO GALVAO BARBOZA KEILA MARTHA AMORIM BARROSO Data: Aug 8, 2022 Show Abstract Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium is a type of lining epithelial tissue that is present in the skin and mucous membranes that are predominantly made up of keratinocytes. These cell types produce keratin and have a polyhedral morphology with ovoid nuclei, but they can modify their phenotype according to the degree of differentiation in the layers of the epithelial component. The normal morphology of keratinocytes may vary according to the physiological events that occur, such as changes in the regularity and size of the nucleus at different stages of apoptotic, mitotic or replicative activity. However, cellular alterations may be present in some malignant neoplasms, such as squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma, modifying the original morphology of keratinocytes as a result of an eventual alteration of the malignant phenotype of these cells. Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a cytokine secreted by several types of cells, being involved in the development and differentiation of Th2 cells, acting in the anti-inflammatory response, its expression also seems to be related to the development of some neoplasms, including oral cancer. The objective of the present research will be to perform a cellular morphometric analysis (nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments), identification of nuclear irregularities of malignant keratinocytes and compare with the immunohistochemical expression of IL-4 in cases of Epidermoid Carcinoma of the Lower Lip (n:30) and Oral Tongue (n:30) using biotechnology tools for this purpose, contributing to the understanding of the biological behavior of these cell types in malignant neoplasms.
9	MÍRIA RAFAELLI SOUZA CURINGA DIGITAL SURVEYNG OF PARTIAL EDENTULOS FOR REMOVABLE PARTIAL DENTURE PLANNING: ACCURACY STUDY Advisor : ADRIANA DA FONTE PORTO CARREIRO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ADRIANA DA FONTE PORTO CARREIRO ANA CLÁUDIA PAVARINA RODRIGO OTHAVIO DE ASSUNCAO E SOUZA Data: Aug 8, 2022 Show Abstract This diagnostic study aimed to analyze a diagnosis of digital design in relation to the conventional of edentulous implanted archwires for planning removable partial dentures (RPD). A was composed of 143 dental faces in 30 sampled arch models presented from conventional models (Tesselation Standard Language), which methods were selected: delineation of conventional models (Group DC), from the impression of conventional and digital models (Group DV ), with the model STL files imported into Dental Wings software (specified manufacturer, country). A specific form was designed to collect the following questions: guide plans, retentive areas, reciprocity and design time. It was accurate and local accuracy between questions and the number of arc propiazation, between the conventional line and the digital one. The result showed low accuracy for the guide plane factor (0.57) and measured for retentive areas (0.67) and reciprocity (0.72). The time required to perform the digital design was shorter (2.87 ±0.95 minutes) than that required for the conventional method (3.95 ±1.61 minutes) (<0.001). The coincidence between the methods was not influenced by the location of the arc. However, the greater the amount of prosthetic spaces, the smaller the coincidence between the methods for the guiding plane and retentive area factors. Conclusion: The digital method of design showed low to medium accuracy compared to the conventional method. However, a visualization of retentive areas by a gradient of nuclei facilitates the identification of the determining factors and more objective for the faster digital technique for the dichotomy of the need to prepare the pillar elements in PPR.
10	FERNANDA GURGEL DE GOIS MOREIRA INFLUENCE OF PRINT TYPE, POST PROCESSING AND RESIN TYPE ON FLEXURAL STRENGTH AND DIMENSIONAL STABILITY OF PRINTED RESINS. Advisor : RODRIGO OTHAVIO DE ASSUNCAO E SOUZA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : RODRIGO OTHAVIO DE ASSUNCAO E SOUZA SAMIRA ALBUQUERQUE DE SOUSA RENATA MARQUES DE MELO Data: Aug 9, 2022 Show Abstract Objective: To evaluate the influence of different post-processing protocols and the type of 3D printing of different printed resins on the three-point bending strength (s) and dimensional stability. Methodology: A bar was modeled (26 x 2.2 x 2.2mm) on Mishmixer software and a STL file was obtained, the it was exported to the 3D printer software SLA (Forms 2/Formslab) and LCD (FlashForge Photo 6.0/ FlashForge). Then, 45 bars of each type of resin (Pr - Provisional/Cosmos Temp, Yller; Pl - Occlusal Plate/Cosmos Splint, Yller; Mo – Models/ Cosmos Model, Yller) were printed by each printing system (SLA and LCD). After printing, the bars of each type of resin were cleaned with isopropyl alcohol and randomly divided (n=15) according to factors: “Post-processing protocol” Control (C: without post-processing); Ultraviolet Light (UV: 15 min in Anycubic Wash and Cure Plus, Anycubic) and Microwave (M: 15 min in microwave oven/1,400W). Thein, the bars were submitted to the s test (100KgF, 1mm/min) and data (MPa) analyzed with 2-way ANOVA and Tukey (5%). Complementary analyzes of dimensional stability (analyzed by paired T tests and 2-way ANOVA) and SEM of surfaces and fractures were also performed. Results: For flexural strength, ANOVA revealed that the factors "Printer" (p<0.05) and "Post processing" (p<0.05) and the interaction between them (p<0.05) presented statistical significance for all the types of resin used in this study. In turn, the groups processed in ultraviolet light, whether in model resin: SLAMod-UV (33.80±4.82AMPa), LCDMod-UV (35.93±4.47AMPa); provisional: LCDProv-UV (52.06±12.40AMPa), SLAProv-UV (42.86±2.09BMPa) or oclusal split: LCDPl-UV (91.46±12.33AMPa), LCDPl-UV (33.20 ±4.84BMPa) showed higher values of  , being statistically superior to the groups without microwave processing and post-processed (Tukey 5%).Conclusion: Post-processing in ultraviolet light should be the choice regardless of type of resin, since this protocol promotes better values of flexural strength and that this strength varies according to the type of resin. As well, that the LCD printing technique for the three types of resin can be the most indicated when associated with post processing in ultraviolet light.
11	MARCELLA GUEDES PEREIRA GOUVÊA BEZERRA INFLUENCE OF THE BUILD ANGLE AND THICKNESS OF THE PRINTING LAYER ON THE FLEXURAL STRENGTH, DIMENSIONAL ACCURACY AND ROUGHNESS OF PRINTED RESIN Advisor : RODRIGO OTHAVIO DE ASSUNCAO E SOUZA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : RODRIGO OTHAVIO DE ASSUNCAO E SOUZA LAERCIO ALMEIDA DE MELO ANDRE ULISSES DANTAS BATISTA Data: Aug 23, 2022 Show Abstract Objective: To evaluate the influence of printing layer angulation and thickness on three-point flexural strength (s), dimensional stability and roughness of printed provisional resin. Methodology: From the modeling of a bar (26 x 2.2 x 2.2mm) in Meshmixer software (Autodesk) and obtaining an STL file, it was exported to the SLA 3D printer software (Forms2/Formlabs), where 225 bars of the same dimensions were printed with Cosmos Temp resin, Yller (n=15) according to the factors “printing layer thickness” (25μm;50μm;100μm) and “angulation”(00; 300; 450; 600 and 900). After printing, the samples were cleaned with isopropyl alcohol and sent to post-processing in an ultraviolet oven (Anycubic Wash and Cure Plus, Anycubic) for 15 minutes. The bars were submitted to the s test in a universal testing machine (100KgF,1mm/min) and the data (MPa) analyzed with 2-way ANOVA, Tukey (5%) and Weibull analysis. Roughness and dimensional stability analyzes were also performed (data analyzed by 2-way ANOVA and Tukey test (5%) and surface SEM. Results: For flexural strength, 2-way ANOVA revealed that the factor “Print layer thickness” (p<0.0001) was statistically significant, while the factor “Angulation” (p=0.8074) was not statistically significant. The 25μm thickness showed the highest values of s (47.29AMPa). 25μm (51.2±4.6AMPa), 60°/25μm (49.1±4.3ABMPa), 0°/25μm (48.6±6.6ABMPa), 90°/50μm (46.8±4.1ABCMPa) and 90°/25μm (46.2±4.9ABCMPa) showed s values statistically higher than the 0°/100μm (39.4±5.4DEFMPa), 60°/100μm (37.7±4.2DEFMPa), 90°/100μm (37.1±4.1EFMPa) and 30°/100μm (34.8±4.5FMPa), which were similar to each other. For dimensional stability, the thickness 25μm (1100.3Aμm) and angulation 0° (11571Aμm) showed greater dimensional changes. The groups 0°/50μm (1746.9±61.80Aμm) and 0°/100μm (1704.7±84.30Aμm) showed the greatest dimensional changes, while the 90°/25μm group (401.1±48.61Gμm) showed the smallest changes. For surface roughness, the thickness of 100μm (0.6452A μm) and the angulations 45° (0.6717Aμm), 30° (0.6193Aμm) and 60° (0.6127Aμm) presented higher values. The 30°/100μm (0.90±0.10Aμm), 45°/100μm (0.79±0.07ABμm) and 60°/100μm (0.88±0.08Aμm) groups were similar and presented the highest values, while the 90°/ 100μm (0.23±0.08F) showed the lowest values. Conclusion: The lower the thickness, the greater the flexural strength, regardless of the chosen angle. For dimensional stability, the smaller the thickness of the printing layer, the greater the dimensional variation, while objects printed vertically (90°) have greater dimensional stability. The greater the thickness, the greater the surface roughness. The 30°, 45° and 60° angles have rougher surfaces, while the 90° angles are smoother.
12	EMMILY TAMIRIS FARIAS PINTO DE MACEDO Assessment of knowledge and clinical management of orthodontists regarding Molar Incisor Hypomineralization Advisor : SERGEI GODEIRO FERNANDES RABELO CALDAS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : SERGEI GODEIRO FERNANDES RABELO CALDAS ISABELITA DUARTE AZEVEDO ARIANE SALGADO GONZAGA Data: Aug 25, 2022 Show Abstract Introduction: Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) is a qualitative defect of dental enamel, which makes it fragile and porous, and can interfere with orthodontic practice. Thus, it is necessary for the orthodontist to know this enamel change. Aim: To assess the level of knowledge and clinical practices of orthodontists in relation to MIH. Methodology: We performed a cross-sectional observational study among brazilian orthodontists to evaluate their practices and previous knowledge regarding MIH. We developed a questionnaire including questions about MIH diagnosis, clinical experience and orthodontic approaches regarding MIH. The questionnaire was validated by pediatric dentists (using the Delphi method) and sent to orthodontists acting in all brazilian regions. Orthodontists who did not reside in Brazil and those who were temporarily unable to practice the speciality were excluded from this study. At total, responses from 351 orthodontists were considered. Results: Although 80.1% orthodontists claimed to know the HMI, 44.2% said they did not feel confident in carrying out their diagnosis. There was no significant association between the level of knowledge of these professionals and the sociodemographic variables (p>0.05), with the exception of the gender variable, where females showed satisfactory knowledge regarding MIH, when compared to males (p<0. 05). The HMI has been noticed by 74.4% of the participants in their clinical routine, and 80.3% stated that these changes directly affect their orthodontic practices. Conclusion: Although orthodontists know the MIH, they do not fully master its characteristics and peculiarities. There are no ideal protocols in the literature for the conduct of bonding, cementing and debonding of orthodontic accessories in teeth with MIH, which highlights the need for further studies in this regard. In this way, the orthodontist will be able to help in the preservation of teeth with MIH, avoiding possible iatrogenesis during the orthodontic treatment and conducting the case in the best possible way.
13	WANDERSON TALLES DO NASCIMENTO PEREIRA SANTOS Influence of tooth whitening on the surface hardness of three composite resins: An In Vitro Study Advisor : ISAUREMI VIEIRA DE ASSUNCAO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : AMANDA MARIA FERREIRA BARBOSA ISAUREMI VIEIRA DE ASSUNCAO PRISCYLLA GONCALVES CORREIA LEITE DE MARCELOS Data: Aug 26, 2022 Show Abstract This study aims to evaluate in vitro the surface hardness of three polymerizable composite resins (Filtek Z350 - 3M ESPE, Zirconfil - TECHNEW, Vitra - FGM), after a 40% hydrogen peroxide tooth bleaching process. 60 specimens were made, 20 specimens of each restorative material (n=20). After the finishing and polishing process, the specimens were randomly divided into two groups for each restorative material (n=10), where the control group G1 was maintained in artificial saliva and the test group G2 was subjected to bleaching gel based on of 40% hydrogen peroxide according to the manufacturer's instructions. For each specimen, four consecutive and equidistant readings were performed, with a load of 300g of force for 15s. Hardness values for tested resins were correspondingly higher in the control group than in the test group. The biggest difference in the mean values between the groups occurred in the Z350XT resin and for the fixed margin of error (5%) a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the test and control groups for each resin. The hypothesis tested in this test was null, since there were significant changes between the hardness of the control group and the test group, thus showing that the bleaching gel altered the hardness of the tested resins.
14	TATIANA BERNARDO FARIAS PEREIRA RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF ORAL alterations IN PATIENTS UNDER HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION: A COHORT STUDY Advisor : ERICKA JANINE DANTAS DA SILVEIRA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ERICKA JANINE DANTAS DA SILVEIRA ANA RAFAELA LUZ DE AQUINO MARTINS JAMILE MARINHO BEZERRA DE OLIVEIRA MOURA Data: Aug 30, 2022 Show Abstract Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can cause adverse effects on the oral environment that can affect the patient's response to treatment and the prognosis. Thereby, this study aimed to identify the most prevalent oral alterations during the period of hospitalization for the performance of HSCT, to analyze the development time of these alterations in this period, as well as the factors associated with the development of these alterations. It was an observational longitudinal, cohort study carried out in patients that was assisted by the bone marrow transplant sector in a main hospital in Rio Grande do Norte between December 2021 and June 2022. Data about oral physical examination, diagnosis of hematological disorder, type of transplant, comorbidities, chemotherapy protocols and local risk factors of patients obtained during the HSCT period were submitted to the Kaplan-Meyer test, parametric logrank test and univariate COX regression to estimate the time of oral changes' onset of and association of risk factors. The statistical significance adopted was 5%. 57.7% of the 30 selected patients were male, median age of 35 years, where 93.3% developed some oral alteration and 53.3% started treatment with some risk factor. The most frequent neoplasms were leukemias (myeloid and lymphoid) and multiple myeloma (23.3% each). FluBuMel was the most used conditioning protocol (40%). The most frequent oral alteration was buccal mucosa edema (83.3%) followed by oral mucositis (80%; grade 1 - 54.2%). The follow-up time was on average 23 days and it was found that on the 5th day of hospitalization the probability of the patient being free of alterations is 93.3%, with this rate decreasing over time, reaching 6.7% in the 28th day. The Mel200 protocol is associated with earlier development of alterations (p=0.02), as well as autologous transplantation (p=0.004). The results suggest that the type of transplant and the chemotherapy conditioning protocol affects the time of onset of oral alterations and additionally reinforce that the low severity of the oral alterations is directly related with the presence of a dentist in the multidisciplinary team.
15	FELIPE ALEXANDER CALDAS AFONSO COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE HEAD ORIENTATION METHODS FOR 3D VIRTUAL PLANNING OF ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERIES Advisor : ADRIANO ROCHA GERMANO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ADRIANO ROCHA GERMANO JOSE SANDRO PEREIRA DA SILVA LIOGI IWAKI FILHO Data: Sep 14, 2022 Show Abstract INTRODUCTION 3D virtual computer simulation was a paradigm shift in the treatment of dentofacial deformities, however, the best way to achieve the Neutral Head Position (NHP) is still controversial. There is a lack of comparative studies between the present protocols to assess the degree of precision of the methods. This work aims to evaluate the degree of discrepancy between NHP methods in a virtual environment. METHODS Ten consecutively selected patients with dentofacial deformities were included in the analysis. Each patient underwent all the following protocols for acquiring the neutral head position: (A) The Procrustes Method – Primary Sagittal Plane; (B) The Charlotte Protocol Method; (C) The Universal Protocol Method. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) with CR bite registration were requested and impressions of both dental arches were taken for 3D scanning. Then, for the preparation and positioning of the composite skulls in the NHP, the Anatomic Aligner software (Houston Methodist Research Institute) was used. The discrepancies were evaluated by superimposing the 3D craniofacial models using the Gateno-Xia cephalometric analysis, followed by measurements of linear and angular differences. RESULTS In the cases analyzed in this study, when comparing the NHP acquisition methods with each other, the linear and angular values obtained are within of the limits recommended in the literature as being excellent (angular differences less than 2mm and 4°), with the largest linear deviation of 1.56 mm, and orientation of 1.96°, considering all oriented composite skulls. In addition, paired comparative analyzes between the NHP methods were performed, following those comparisons: Group A against Group B; Group A against Group C; and Group B against Group C. The authors observed that there were slight deviations from the values recommended in the literature only when comparing the anteroposterior linear axes Y (mm) between groups A and B, with 2.64 mm, and between groups B and C, with 2.2mm. Finally, statistical analysis of ANOVA did not show any statistically significant difference. DISCUSSION The authors confirm the hypothesis that all head orientation methods evaluated in this study do not present statistically significant differences (P>0.05) and consider that when and orientation of the skull-composite in a controlled environment and by professionals specialized and trained in the surgical area, all techniques for orientation of the head can be useful, accurate and valid for the desired result. This is because all this preparation is based on facial analysis and clinical data collected by the surgeon. CONCLUSION This study showed that there was no statistical difference in terms of precision between all the protocols listed for comparison, and it proved to be extremely important to provide surgeons with a reflection on which technique would be most appropriate for the treatment of patients with dentofacial deformities in its center, always considering the main aspects that facilitate the surgeon's clinical day: Simplicity of execution; less time spent; and familiarity with the technique.
16	ANNA CRISLLAINY DA COSTA MONTEIRO OCCURRENCE AND SEVERITY OF MOLAR-INCISIVE HYPOMINERALIZATION IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS: A serial panel study Advisor : KENIO COSTA DE LIMA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : KENIO COSTA DE LIMA RENATA SARAIVA GUEDES MARINA DE DEUS MOURA DE LIMA Data: Sep 16, 2022 Show Abstract Introduction: Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) is an enamel development defect of systemic origin that affects at least one permanent first molar and may be associated with permanent incisors. Clinically, it is characterized as demarcated enamel opacities that can vary in color (white-cream or yellow-brown). Objective: To estimate the occurrence and severity of MIH in children and adolescents and identify possible factors associated with the occurrence of MIH. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out in serial panels (2002 to 2011) and (2012 to 2021) using 230 medical records of patients aged between 6 and 12 years, undergoing orthodontic treatment at the Brazilian Dental Association between 2002 and 2021. The diagnostic criteria used were the presence or absence of demarcated opacities, atypical restorations, post-rupturing fractures and molar extraction due to HMI. The collected data were typed and processed in the SPSS program, statistically treated using the chi-square test at a confidence level of 95%. Results: The occurrence of MIH throughout the study period was 26 cases among the 230 medical records evaluated (which represents 11.3% with a 95% CI from 7.21 to 15.39%). Of these, 03 cases are severe, which is equivalent to 11.5% (95% CI). An association of the occurrence of MIH with the variables gender (male), age (06 to 10 years) and year in which the documentation was carried out (2012 to 2021) was observed. Conclusion:This work shows that although the occurrence of MIH is low in children and adolescents from 6 to 12 years old, it has been increasing in recent years. The percentage of male and younger individuals with HMI is higher, indicating an increasing trend in the occurrence of HMI in the coming years. In addition, most cases are mild, with greater involvement of molar teeth compared to incisors and maxillary molars and incisors compared to mandibular ones. These findings are important to help formulate strategies to prevent or reduce the consequences of HMI.
17	DANIELLE MACHADO FARIAS Imunoexpression of ING4, VEGF e NF-κB in inflamatory periapical lesions Advisor : LELIA MARIA GUEDES QUEIROZ COMMITTEE MEMBERS : EMANUEL SÁVIO DE SOUZA ANDRADE ERICKA JANINE DANTAS DA SILVEIRA LELIA MARIA GUEDES QUEIROZ Data: Sep 19, 2022 Show Abstract IPLs are pathological conditions resulting from infections of odontogenic origin, being mainly represented by PGs and RCs. Its pathogenesis is associated with immunological and angiogenic mechanisms, characterized by the self-limitation of the inflammatory reaction. Therefore, this retrospective, semi-quantitative and comparative study aimed to analyze the immunohistochemical expression of ING4, VEGF and NF-κB in IPLs, and to correlate the pattern of expression of these proteins. The sample consisted of 62 IPLs, of which 41.9% were PGs, 27.4% RCs, 30.6% RRCs. Morphological analysis was performed, evaluating epithelial thickness and inflammatory infiltrate, and the correlation of these findings with the immunohistochemical expression pattern of ING4, VEGF and NF-κB proteins in IPLs. To perform the statistical analysis, the chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney and Spearmen correlation tests were used. The intensity of the inflammatory infiltrate showed a significant association in the IPLs, showing greater intensity in the PG when compared to the cysts. Furthermore, the RCs showed a higher intensity of the inflammatory infiltrate when compared to the RRCs. By associating the expression of ING4 in inflammatory cells of the connective tissue or fibrous capsule, the PGs and RCs showed greater expression of this protein both at the nuclear and cytoplasmic levels. Immunoexpression of VEGF in the nucleus of inflammatory cells of the connective tissue or fibrous capsule shows a significant association with IPLs, with greater expression of this protein in the cysts than in the PG. There was a statistically significant association between NF-κB immunostaining and IPLs, in which PGs exhibited higher protein expression in relation to RCs and RRCs. When compared between the cysts, there was no statistically significant association, however the median of NF-κB expression was higher for the RCs. In the fibrous capsule, nuclear immunoexpression of NF-κB in inflammatory cells was higher in periapical lesions with intense inflammatory infiltrate. Similarly, the cytoplasmic immunoexpression of NF-κB in inflammatory cells was higher in cases of periapical lesions that presented intense inflammatory infiltrate. Therefore, it is suggested that ING4, VEGF and NF-κB participate in the etiopathogenesis of IPLs, and that there is a directly proportional relationship between the expression of these proteins.
18	HEVILA DE FIGUEIREDO PIRES AMELOBLASTOMA RECURRENCE: PROGNOSIS STUDY Advisor : HEBEL CAVALCANTI GALVAO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : HEBEL CAVALCANTI GALVAO ROSEANA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS MANUEL ANTONIO GORDON NUNEZ Data: Sep 23, 2022 Show Abstract Introduction: Ameloblastoma (AMB) is a benign odontogenic neoplasm that has high rates of postoperative recurrence. Several studies show the relationship between clinical-pathological characteristics and treatment modalities in AMB recurrence. The molecular mechanisms involved in the etiopathogenesis of this tumor are poorly understood, and although alterations in the Mismatch System (MMR) favor the development of different human neoplasms, their importance in the development of ameloblastoma remains poorly understood. Objective: To identify the prognostic factors associated with ameloblastoma recurrence, as well as to investigate the role of the immunoexpression of hMLH1, hMSH2 and KI-67 proteins in the recurrence of these odontogenic tumors. Methodology: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study, with a sample consisting of 22 cases of recurrent ameloblastomas and 22 non-recurring cases. The immunohistochemical analysis was performed quantitatively, considering the cellular (nuclear) location of the proteins studied. McNemar's test was used to compare the variables between primary and recurrent ameloblastoma lesions. Recurrence-free survival was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and survival functions were compared according to variables using the log-rank test. Results: The total sample was mostly female (n=24; 54.5%), with a mean age of involvement of 39.1 ± 19.8 years, and 45.5% (n=20) were caucasian. The posterior mandible region was the most frequent in the relapsed group (n=18, 81.8%) and also for the cases that did not present relapses (n=16, 72.8%). The recurrence-free time was 50.0 (34.5 – 63.6) months. Factors significantly associated with the recurrence of AMBs were: expansion of cortical bone (p=0.0089), presence of bone reconstruction (p=0.018), conservative treatment (p=0.021), loss of hMSH2 immunoexpression (p=0.006) and hMLH1 (p=0.038) and strong immunoexpression of KI-67 (p=0.029). Conclusion: Based on the findings of this research, it is concluded that radiographic appearance, treatment modality and immunoexpression of proteins from the Mismatch System and KI-67 are the most significant prognostic factors for the recurrence of AMBs.
19	NATÁLIA CRISTINA GARCIA PINHEIRO KNOWLEDGE, NEED AND PREFERENCE ABOUT HOME DENTISTRY AND ORAL HEALTH CONDITIONS OF DOMICILED ELDERLY: a cross-sectional study Advisor : KENIO COSTA DE LIMA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : KENIO COSTA DE LIMA ANA RAFAELA LUZ DE AQUINO MARTINS GUSTAVO PINA GODOY Data: Sep 23, 2022 Show Abstract Objective: The study aims to understand the knowledge, preference and need for dental care (AOD), especially for the elderly population, in addition to identifying the oral health condition of the elderly living and its associated factors. Methodology: These are two web surveys, the first with the educated adult population and the second with the elderly population. In addition, a study was also carried out with secondary data from medical records of elderly people who used some home dental care service to identify their oral health condition. In the three studies, descriptive analysis, chi-square test and robust Poisson regression were performed with a significance level of 5%. elderly in relation to dental and rehabilitation status. Results: In the first study, 443 respondents participated, whose predominance was women (67.9%) and aged between 31 and 40 years (38.8%). Most participants (69.5%) do not know what home dental care is. The fact of being a woman and a health professional directly influences the knowledge of this type of care. In the second study, 203 elderly people participated, 67% of whom were women, aged between 60 and 69 years. The majority of this population is not familiar with home dentistry (79.8%), has never used this type of service (95.6%) and prefers to be seen in a dental office (68.5%). There was a significant association between knowing about home dentistry and having a medical health plan. It was also observed that those elderly who do not have health insurance and with a lower level of education prefer to be cared for at home in relation to the traditional office. In the third study, 207 medical records of the elderly were evaluated, whose predominant sex was female (58.5%), aged between 80 and 89 years and partially dependent for basic activities of daily living. Regarding oral health status, the mean DMFT was 23.5, with 3.35 pairs in occlusion, 75.8% of whom were functional edentulous. In the medical records, 53.6% of the elderly had bleeding on probing in some sextant and about 20% had a mouth lesion. Patients with more injuries were younger elderly, diabetics and those who had been to the dentist for a longer period of time. Regarding the periodontal issue, younger patients, single residents and whites have more bleeding on probing. Regarding the dental and rehabilitation condition, two clusters were produced, the first with edentulous and poorly rehabilitated elderly and the second with more dentate and rehabilitated elderly. Black elderly people who do not have health insurance were more present in the first cluster. Conclusion: The general and elderly population knows little and realizes that they need home dental care. As a result, the more independent elderly population still prefers to be seen in the office. Furthermore, the oral health condition of patients who use home dental care is still precarious, as a result of mutilating dental care, characterizing the scenario of social inequality among elderly people living in domicile.
20	NILMÁRIO OLIVEIRA DE SOUSA SURVIVAL OF CERAMIC RESTORATIONS AND THEIR ASSOCIATED FACTORS Advisor : ERIKA OLIVEIRA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : AMILCAR CHAGAS FREITAS JÚNIOR ERIKA OLIVEIRA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS FERNANDO JOSE DE OLIVEIRA NOBREGA Data: Sep 27, 2022 Show Abstract Ceramic restorations can be essential in aesthetic and functional dental rehabilitation, but their longevity and treatment plan need to be well established. Different material options, fabrication techniques and protocols are available, but there is little scientific literature explaining the factors that generate the main failures and clinical complications related to these fixed prostheses. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the survival of ceramic restorations and their associated factors. Therefore, an observational, retrospective and longitudinal cohort research was carried out to follow up different types of ceramic restorations installed in the last 10 years and made following the same clinical protocol. A total of 32 patients were evaluated, totaling 256 fixed prostheses, regarding the presence of failures or complications, type of ceramic system, whether the patients had a diagnosis of sleep bruxism and whether they used an occlusal splint and the type of cement used for cementation. Participants attended a clinical evaluation to analyze the integrity of the prosthesis, answered questions that address signs and symptoms of bruxism, such as tooth wear, muscle hypertrophy and indentations. Additional information about time and materials used to make the restorations was collected from the patients' medical records. The data obtained were analyzed using the SPSS program (Statistical Package for the Social Science) 20.0 with the Chi-Square or Fisher's Exact test, with a confidence level of 95%. The results showed success and survival rates of 84.37% and 96.1%, respectively. Considering the correlation with prosthetic failures, the male gender (p=0.017), the presence of sleep bruxism (p=0.004) and wakeful bruxism (p=0.009) had a positive influence. As for the interaction with prosthetic complications, the presence of sleep bruxism (p=0.040), the type of prosthetic piece (p=0.014) and the type of cement (p=0.043) were statistically significant. Within the limitations of the study, it can be concluded that ceramic restorations had high success and survival rates, ensuring the longevity of this type of rehabilitation. Sleep bruxism and awake bruxism are risk factors for ceramic restorations.
21	NIZYARA COSTA DA SILVA JAW OSTEOMYELITIS: CLINICAL PATHOLOGICAL STUDY Advisor : ANTONIO DE LISBOA LOPES COSTA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ANTONIO DE LISBOA LOPES COSTA HEBEL CAVALCANTI GALVAO MARIA DE LOURDES SILVA DE ARRUDA MORAIS Data: Sep 30, 2022 Show Abstract Osteomyelitis is defined as an inflammatory state of the bone and its etiopathogenesis is multifactorial, including trauma, systemic diseases and odontogenic infections. Therefore, this research is an analysis study of the analysis of retrospective and comparative evaluation studies of the types of osteomyelitis and their evaluations, which consist of clinical-pathological characteristics such as clinical-pathological characteristics in the jaws, diagnosed in the Oral Pathology, Department of Dentistry of the UFRN lesion, in the period from January 1970 to December 2021. The sample consists of 75 cases of acute osteomyelitis, with 9 cases of acute osteomyelitis, 3 of primary chronic osteomyelitis and 63 cases of secondary chronic osteomyelitis. A collection of clinical data was carried out, from which demographic data, drinking and smoking habits, disability resources and treatments used were performed. Radiographic analysis of location considered bone loss, dimension, pat fracture, bone sequencing, reactional, and size. The morphological study evaluated osteoblasts, osteoclasts, bacterial colonies, necrotic bone and granulation tissue. For statistical analysis, the fisher tests and the chi-square test were used. The results found were revealed with the predominant female sex (n=67; 89.3%). The average age was 42,68 years, with variations between 3 and 85 years old, patients self-reported as white were predominant (n=37; 49.3%). As for the types of osteomyelitis, secondary chronic osteomyelitis was predominant (n = 63; 84%), followed by acute osteomyelitis (n = 9, 12%) and primary chronic osteomyelitis (n = 3; 4%). As for the anatomical location, the mandible was predominant with (n=70, 93.3%). As for the causes, odontogenic infection was more prevalent with (n=41; 54.7%). The inflammatory process was present in all cases (n=75; 100%). As for the types of osteomyelitis, secondary chronic osteomyelitis was predominant (n = 63, 84%), followed by acute osteomyelitis (n = 9, 12%) and primary chronic osteomyelitis (n = 3, 4%). As for the anatomical location, the mandible was predominant with (n=70, 93.3%). As for the causes, odontogenic infection was more prevalent with (n=41; 54.7%). The inflammatory process was present in all cases (n=75; 100%). As for neutrophils, they were absent in most cases (n=51; 68%) and discreetly present in (n=18; 24%). In view of the results obtained, we conclude that osteomyelitis is more common in females with a mean age of 42.68 years, with the most common type being secondary chronic osteomyelitis, originating from odontogenic infection and located in the mandible. The association between the type of osteomyelitis and the presence or absence of bacterial colonies showed a statistically significant association. The same did not happen with the other statistical associations carried out in this research.
22	VLADIMIR GALDINO SABINO EFFECTS OF LOW-LEVEL LASER IRRADIATION ON OSTEOBLASTS CULTURED ON NANOFIBROUS POLYLACTIC ACID SCAFFOLDS Advisor : CARLOS AUGUSTO GALVAO BARBOZA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : CARLOS AUGUSTO GALVAO BARBOZA MARCIA CRISTINA DA COSTA MIGUEL CARLOS EDUARDO BEZERRA DE MOURA Data: Nov 28, 2022 Show Abstract Bone tissue engineering is a relevant branch of regenerative medicine and involves the development of scaffolds with composition and architecture favorable to cell integration, in addition to studying factors capable of promoting cell adhesion and proliferation, including chemical and biophysical stimuli. The study aimed to evaluate the use of low-level laser irradiation (LLLI) to promote in vitro biostimulation of osteoblastic cells cultured on polylactic acid (PLA) nanofibrous scaffolds. The scaffolds were produced by the electrospinning technique and characterized in terms of wettability, composition by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), surface morphology by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric characterization (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and crystallinity by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The biological assays were conducted with osteoblasts of the OFCOL II lineage cultured on the surface of the scaffolds and submitted or not (control group) to irradiation with InGaAIP diode laser at doses of 1, 4 and 6 J/cm², power of 30 mW, at wavelengths of 660 nm (R, red light) and 780 nm (IR, infrared). After irradiation, the effects of LLLI on osteoblast proliferation were evaluated using the Alamar Blue biochemical method at intervals of 24, 48, and 72h. Cell viability and morphology were analyzed at 72h, using the Live/Dead assay and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. Data from the Alamar Blue biochemical assay showed more significant cell proliferation in groups R1 and R6, with R6 showing a significantly higher percentage of Alamar reduction compared to the control group at all intervals (p<0.05). Other differences between the control and irradiated groups were found only at intervals of 48h and 72h for R1 and 72h for IR6. The Live/Dead assay revealed an increase in cell viability in the laser-treated groups, significantly higher in the R1 group when compared to the control group. SEM analysis showed adequate interaction between osteoblasts and scaffolds in all groups, with the cell body spreading along the nanofiber axis, with more evident physical contacts being observed through the formation of bonds through filopodia and lamellipodia in groups R1, R6, and IR6, the same ones that exhibited proliferative highlights in the Alamar Blue assay. Taken together, the data from this study showed that LLLT promotes the biostimulation of osteoblasts cultured on PLA nanofibers, which points to its potential use in bone tissue engineering techniques.
	Thesis
1	GLÓRIA MARIA DE FRANÇA The role of WNT/ß-Catenin, TGF-ß/BMP4 and SHH pathway proteins in odontogenesis and odontomas. Advisor : HEBEL CAVALCANTI GALVAO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : HEBEL CAVALCANTI GALVAO LEORIK PEREIRA DA SILVA MANUEL ANTONIO GORDON NUNEZ PEDRO PAULO DE ANDRADE SANTOS ROSEANA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS Data: Jan 25, 2022 Show Abstract The Wingless (Wnt) / β-catenin signaling pathway is essential for the early activation of odontogenesis and the development of odontogenic tumors, additionally this pathway is responsible for the expression of high molecular weight cytokeratins, such as CK14 and CK19. TGF-β and BMPs have been associated with reactionary and repair dentinogenesis processes. This growth factor is released by odontoblasts and fibroblasts and is stored inside the dentinal tubules. Tooth development depends on a series of reciprocal signaling interactions between the oral epithelium (EO) and neural crest-derived ectomesenchyma, the WNT pathway with TGF-β and BMP4 has been implicated in the formation of supernumerary teeth during odontogenesis. Meanwhile, Shh signaling can regulate cell proliferation in the dental mesenchyme, thus controlling dental morphogenesis. Therefore, the objective of our work will be to investigate the role of these pathways in odontogenesis and in the formation of odontomas and benign mixed odontogenic tumors. For this, a retrospective and immunohistochemical sectional study was developed containing 23 compound odontomas, 21 complex odontomas, 17 dental germs, 05 ameloblastic fibro-odontomas and 01 ameloblastic fibroma. The results found showed greater immunoexpression of the WNT/ß-catenin pathway in the epithelium of tooth germs (p<0.001) and in ameloblastic fibroma, whereas it was in the ectomesenchyma of odontomas (p<0.001) and ameloblastic fibro-odontomas. WNT/ß-catenin correlated moderately and significantly with CK14 in the epithelium (p<0.001) and ectomesenchyma of all lesions (p=0.018). BMP4 was immunoexpressed, especially in the mesenchyme of complex odontomas (median = 33.7; p<0.001). Shh was more immunoexpressed in the epithelium of tooth germs (p<0.001) and in the ectomesenchyma of complex odontomas (p=0.029). Similarly, TGF-ß showed greater immunoexpression in the epithelium of tooth germs (p<0.001) and in the ectomesenchyma of complex odontomas (p = 0.002). Finally, Odontogenesis exhibits higher concentrations for these proteins in the odontogenic epithelium in the early stages and the change in expression in the ectomesenchyma occurs, mainly, in the histodifferentiation in the bell phase, predisposing to the formation of odontogenic tumors.
2	EVERTON FREITAS DE MORAIS BIOMARKERS OF EPITHELIO-MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION IN POTENTIALLY MALIGNANT DISORDERS AND ORAL TONGUE SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA Advisor : ROSEANA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : CIRO DANTAS SOARES HEBEL CAVALCANTI GALVAO LELIA BATISTA DE SOUZA RICARDO DELLA COLLETA ROSEANA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS Data: Feb 24, 2022 Show Abstract During oral carcinogenesis, malignant cells acquire an aggressive phenotype that results in increased individual motility and the ability to invade surrounding tissues. Therefore, malignant epithelial cells develop a regulatory and programmed process called epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is crucial for the acquisition of this aggressive malignant phenotype. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of immunohistochemical expression of EMT signaling proteins in oral epithelial dysplasia and oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC), evaluating their respective associations with clinical-pathological parameters of prognosis. For the immunohistochemical study, 47 cases of oral epithelial dysplasia and 41 cases diagnosed as (OTSCC) were selected, in which the immunoexpression of the proteins Twist1, Snail1, E-cadherin and N-cadherin were analyzed. Possible associations between the expression pattern of these proteins with the histopathological gradation of epithelial dysplasias and with the clinical-pathological aspects, recurrence and survival in OTSCC were investigated. Different labeling patterns were observed between the analyzed groups, with a significant loss of membrane E-cadherin expression in cases of OTSCC compared to cases of oral epithelial dysplasia (p = <0.0001). A worse overall survival was observed in cases with low membrane E-cadherin expression (HR = 0.27; p = 0.033) and high cytoplasmic Twist1 expression (HR = 3.19; p = 0.010). When analyzing the expression intensity parameter alone, an association was observed between the high intensity of cytoplasmic N-cadherin and overall survival (HR = 4.93; p=0.006). Our findings suggest that loss of E-cadherin expression and increased expression of N-cadherin and nuclear transcription factors Twist1 and Snail1 are associated with the development and progression of oral carcinogenesis. In isolation, loss of membrane expression of E-cadherin and increased cytoplasmic expression of Twist1 and N-cadherin were associated with poorer survival.
3	VICTOR DINIZ BORBOREMA DOS SANTOS ASSESSMENT OF THE VALIDITY, REPRODUCIBILITY AND ACCURACY OF DIGITAL MODELS OBTAINED FOR VIRTUAL SURGICAL SIMULATION IN ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERY Advisor : JOSE SANDRO PEREIRA DA SILVA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : HECIO HENRIQUE ARAUJO DE MORAIS JOSE SANDRO PEREIRA DA SILVA JOSÉ WILSON NOLETO JÚNIOR MARCELO AUGUSTO DE OLIVEIRA SALES WAGNER RANIER MACIEL DANTAS Data: Feb 25, 2022 Show Abstract This experimental study evaluated the accuracy of digital models generated by two scanning techniques (intraoral scanner and bench-top scanner) of an experimental model of the upper arch made of polyurethane and the plaster model obtained from this arch. Reference measurements, which the manufacturer demarcated, were performed using surgical simulation software and analyzed for validity and accuracy of the scanning techniques used in all groups (1 to 5). In the validation analysis, all techniques showed to be valid compared to the control group, except the FG measure, which showed statistically significant differences (p<0.05) between groups 1 and 2. Precision was assessed using the intraclass correlation index, and all techniques were highly accurate with an ICC close to 1. Thus, it is concluded that the intraoral scanner and the bench scanner used in this study were reliable compared to the control group and that the two scanner models used presented themselves with high precision.
4	ANA CLÁUDIA DE MACÊDO ANDRADE IN VITRO AND IN SILICO EVALUATION OF THE ANTINEOPLASTIC ACTIVITY OF S-(-)-PERILLYL ALCOHOL ON EQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA OF THE TONGUE Advisor : ANTONIO DE LISBOA LOPES COSTA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : LUCIANA SCOTTI ANTONIO DE LISBOA LOPES COSTA AURIGENA ANTUNES DE ARAUJO CARLOS AUGUSTO GALVAO BARBOZA SABRINA GARCIA DE AQUINO Data: Mar 31, 2022 Show Abstract Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most frequent malignant neoplasm of the oral cavity and constitutes a public health problem due to its high incidence and mortality rate caused in many cases by therapeutic failure and tumor resistance. Therefore, the search for new biologically active molecules stands out, such as those found in products of natural origin. This work aims to evaluate the antineoplastic activity of S-(-)-perillyl alcohol (POH) in cell cultures of tongue CEO and to analyze the probable mechanism of action on the antineoplastic activity of this phytoconstituent through molecular docking. For this purpose, two cell lines of tongue CEO were used, HSC-3 and SCC-25. The following groups were analyzed: G0 (control; cells cultured in the absence of POH), G1 (cells treated with 40 μM cisplatin), G2 (cells treated with 0.5 mM POH), G3 (cells treated with 1 .0 mM), G4 (cells treated with 1.5 mM POH) and G5 (cells treated with 3.0 mM POH). Differences between these groups were investigated through the following assays: cell viability (Alamar Blue and Live/Dead assay) and migratory activity (Wound healing). The prediction of the POH action mechanism on cell cycle control molecules were also performed using molecular docking using AutoDock 4.2 and Molegro Virtual Docker, v. 6.0.1. The data was statistically treated by GraphPad Prism 6.0 (GraphPad Software, USA), parametric analysis using Anova test, Tukey post-test and Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric statistical test, followed by Mann-Whitney post-test were adopted for determination of differences between the experimental groups. The significance index considered in this work was 5%. In the analysis of cell viability using Alamar Blue, for the cell line SCC-25, cell viability was significantly reduced in the 40 μM cisplatin, 0.5 mM POH, 1 mM POH, 1.5 mM POH and 3 mM POH groups (p<0.05), at intervals of 24 h and 48 h when compared to the growth control. In turn, in the 72 h interval, only the 0.5 mM POH concentration showed no statistical difference when compared to the control group (p= 0.35). For the HSC-3 cell line, there was a significant decrease in viability in the 40 μM, 1 mM, 1.5 mM and 3 mM cisplatin groups (p<0.01), in the time interval of 24h, 48h and 72h, when compared to growth control. Furthermore, for both strains, the 3 mM POH concentration presented the best results of viability reduction when compared to 40 μM cisplatin, in the intervals of 24 h for SCC-25 and 24 h (p<0.01) and 48h (p<0.01) for HSC-3. In the analysis of cell viability by the Live/Dead assay, for the cell line SCC-25, all experimental groups showed a significant reduction in the percentage of cell viability (p<0.001) when compared to the control group, since, for the HSC line -3, only the 0.5 mM POH group showed no statistically significant difference compared to the control group (p= 0.9663). As for the anti-migratory capacity of POH, for the SCC-25 strain, the 40 μM cisplatin, 0.5 mM POH and 1.0 mM POH groups had a statistically significant reduction in cell migration when compared to the control group, at 12 h, on the other hand, within 24 h, only cisplatin showed anti-migratory activity (p≤ 0.05). For the HSC-3 strain, the 40 μM cisplatin and 1 mM POH groups showed statistical differences compared to the control group (p≤ 0.05), at 12 h and 24 h intervals. The ability of the POH molecule to bind to proteins responsible for cell cycle activation was evaluated using docking models. Among them, the protein GTPase Kras showed the best binding energy (-86.70 kcal/mol), featuring hydrogen bonds with residues THR58 (A) and ASP57 (A) and steric bonds with residues TRY32 (A) and ALA18 ( THE). The evidence from this study supports the idea that POH has antineoplastic activity on the CEO, suggesting that this molecule may be a strong candidate for the development of drugs aimed at the treatment of this pathology.
5	KEIVERTON RONES GURGEL PAIVA THE INFLUENCE OF THE ABUTMENT ON THE SATISFACTION AND QUALITY OF LIFE OF PATIENTS REHABILITATED BY A METAL-FREE SINGLE CROWN: A CLINICAL TRIAL Advisor : PATRICIA DOS SANTOS CALDERON COMMITTEE MEMBERS : PATRICIA DOS SANTOS CALDERON GUSTAVO AUGUSTO SEABRA BARBOSA WAGNER RANIER MACIEL DANTAS KATIA RODRIGUES REIS ANDRE ULISSES DANTAS BATISTA Data: Apr 27, 2022 Show Abstract Introduction: The quality of implant-supported rehabilitation in addition to the principles of osseointegration, demands a wider assessment, both from the aesthetic point of view and its impact on the patient's satisfaction and quality of life. Objective: To evaluate objectively and subjectively the aesthetic function, quality of life, and patient's satisfaction wearing metal-free crowns on single implants installed in the smile region using prefabricated titanium (GT) or customized zirconia (GZ) prosthetic abutments. Materials and methods: A nonrandomized controlled clinical trial was performed out with the sample arrangement in a sequenced manner; the first half had a prefabricated titanium abutment (GT) and the second half a zirconia abutment (GZ). All patients received a temporary restoration before the final crown. Aesthetic assessments were performed using the Pink Esthetic Score (PES) and White Esthetic Score (WES), satisfaction was assessed by a Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and quality of life by the Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (OIDP) and the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). Results: Twenty-four patients were included, the mean age was 40.03 years. 26 implants were installed, 14 in GT and 12 in GZ, the anterior region had 18 placed implants and the posterior region had 08 implants. The OIDP was positively influenced by the provisional crown in both groups, remaining the same for the final crowns on GZ and increasing on GT after installing the final crowns. On the OHIP-14 all dimensions improved after the provisional crown and further improved with the final crowns. For the satisfaction, an improvement was noticed by the provisional crown, in both groups, and the final crowns bring another increase in satisfaction. Conclusion: The placement of metal-free crowns on single implants can play an important role in the improvement of the patient's satisfaction and quality of life.
6	CRISTIANNE KALINNE SANTOS MEDEIROS COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF BURNING MOUTH TREATMENT WITH LOW-INTENSITY LASER THERAPY AND TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL NERVOUS STIMULATION: A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL Advisor : PATRICIA TEIXEIRA DE OLIVEIRA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : AMANDA KATARINNY GOES GONZAGA ANTONIO ADILSON SOARES DE LIMA EMELINE DAS NEVES DE ARAUJO LIMA ERICKA JANINE DANTAS DA SILVEIRA PATRICIA TEIXEIRA DE OLIVEIRA Data: May 30, 2022 Show Abstract Introduction: The management of patients with burning mouth is a challenge in the clinical routine. Objective: To compare the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in the treatment of burning mouth. Methodology: Randomized clinical trial, consisting of 25 patients with burning mouth, of which 12 were allocated to the TENS group and 13 to the LLLT group. The two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used to verify whether there was a significant difference between the times T0, T1, T2 and T3 in relation to symptomatology, investigated through the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and unstimulated salivary flow with TENS and LLLT interventions. Results: Most partients were female with a mean age of 59.25 years in the TENS group and 62.08 in the LLLT group. The VAS analysis showed a significant intragroup difference (p<0.001), and in the TENS group it occurred between T0xT1, T0xT2 and T0xT3, and in the LLLT group, between T0xT2 and T0xT3. There was a significant difference for VAS between the interaction of times with the analyzed groups (p=0.034), whose difference was found between the time intervals T2 and T3 (p=0.003), in which the VAS score decreased in the LLLT group and increased in the TENS group. The linear trend test in relation to unstimulated salivary flow showed a statistical difference intergroup between T1 and T2 times, since salivary flow increased in the TENS group and decreased in the LLLT group (p=0.052). Conclusion: TENS and LLLT were effective in reducing the symptoms of burning mouth during treatment sessions, and LLLT presented a better VAS score after treatment follow-up. Additionally, none of the therapies employed had adverse effects.
7	JANAÍNA LESSA DE MORAES DOS SANTOS IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL PROFILE OF MARKERS ASSOCIATED WITH EPITHELIAL-MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION IN BENIGN EPITHELIAL ODONTOGENIC LESIONS Advisor : LELIA MARIA GUEDES QUEIROZ COMMITTEE MEMBERS : LELIA MARIA GUEDES QUEIROZ PEDRO PAULO DE ANDRADE SANTOS AMANDA KATARINNY GOES GONZAGA HIANNE CRISTINNE DE MORAIS MEDEIROS LEORIK PEREIRA DA SILVA Data: Jun 21, 2022 Show Abstract Odontogenic cysts and tumors present a high percentage of the lesions that affect the maxillomandibular complex and some of them may exhibit a more aggressive clinical-biological behavior. In the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), epithelial cells lose phenotypic properties characteristic of epithelial cells and acquire properties characteristic of mesenchymal cells, including increased motility and invasiveness, through the regulation of central transcription factors and their associated pathways. Thus, the present study aimed to analyze and compare the immunohistochemical expression of proteins involved in the EMT process (Zeb1, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and vimentin) in benign epithelial odontogenic lesions. The sample consisted of 88 cases of odontogenic lesions, comprising 28 cases of ameloblastoma (AB), 30 of odontogenic keratocyst (OK), and 30 of dentigerous cyst (DC). All specimens submitted to the immunohistochemical technique were evaluated by light microscopy and submitted to the random choice of 5 (five) fields, which were photographed at a 40x magnification. The evaluation of the expression of each marker, based on the analysis in its specific cellular compartment, was performed by multiplying the scores associated with the percentage of immunoreactive cells by the scores related to the intensity of staining. Such a result was defined as low expression or high expression, according to the methodology choosen. The associations were made using the chi-square test and the correlations through the Spearman correlation test. The significance level was set at 5% (p < 0.05). The results were statistically significant in the epidemiological variables of the lesion region, radiographic appearance, and lesion size. In turn, immunohistochemistry showed a positive and moderate correlation between nuclear Zeb1 and membrane E-cadherin, cytoplasmic Zeb1 and membrane E-cadherin, and between cytoplasmic E-cadherin and vimentin in cases of AB; a moderate positive correlation between nuclear Zeb1 and cytoplasmic vimentin, and between cytoplasmic Zeb1 and vimentin in cases of dentigerous cyst. Therefore, it was possible to conclude that Zeb1 may not act directly on the pathways responsible for the development and growth of these studied lesions, and E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and vimentin may be part of a partial EMT process that would occur in the studied benign epithelial odontogenic lesions.
8	DÁUREA ADÍLIA CÓBE SENA Immunoexpression study of proteins involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition in salivary gland tumors Advisor : LELIA BATISTA DE SOUZA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : AMANDA KATARINNY GOES GONZAGA JAMILE MARINHO BEZERRA DE OLIVEIRA MOURA LEAO PEREIRA PINTO LELIA BATISTA DE SOUZA LEORIK PEREIRA DA SILVA Data: Jun 23, 2022 Show Abstract Salivary gland tumors (SGTs) present remarkable clinical and biological complexity; therefore, many studies investigate the events involved in their progression. One of the dynamics involved in the tumor invasion of different types of carcinomas is the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In this process, epithelial cells undergo a transition to a mobile mesenchymal state, favoring invasion and metastasis. To acquire this phenotype, epithelial cells reduce the expression of E-cadherin and increase the expression of Twist1, Snail1, vimentin (VM), and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). In addition, myofibroblasts, located in the stroma, express smooth muscle alpha-actin (α-SMA) and are known to modulate tumor progression. Therefore, this research analyzed the immunohistochemical expression of some proteins involved in EMT in a series of SGTs cases; correlations among the biomarkers, as well as between the biomarkers and clinicopathological parameters were made. We selected 20 cases of pleomorphic adenoma (PA), 20 cases of mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), 20 cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), 10 cases of polymorphous adenocarcinoma (PAC), 10 cases of epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) and 10 cases of carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA). E-cadherin, Twist1, and Snail1 were analyzed in tumor parenchyma, observing the percentage of positive cells (PP) using scores ranging from 0 to 4, and the expression intensity (EI), whose scores were ranged from 0 to 3. The evaluation of MMP-9 was performed in tumor parenchyma and stroma, also evaluating PP and IE, both based on scores that ranged from 0 to 3. The labeling for α-SMA and VM was analyzed in stromal cells. Positive cells for α-SMA were counted in 10 fields and the mean was calculated. VM was evaluated qualitatively, using 4 scores according to EI and whether the labeling was diffuse or focal. Obtained data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science, GraphPad Prism, and STATA software. The significance level of 5% was adopted for the statistical tests. Patients were mostly female, with a mean age of 49.8 years; the major salivary glands were the most affected anatomical site, mainly the parotid gland. A lower E-cadherin immunostaining was verified in PAs in comparison to malignant neoplasms of salivary glands (MNSGs). Low immunoexpression of Twist1 and Snail1 was observed in PAs. Regarding the nuclear expression of Twist1, it was found greater expression in malignant neoplasms than in PAs. Furthermore, Twist1 in the nucleus was correlated with cytoplasmic expression of E-cadherin in MNSGs. Regarding clinicopathological parameters, this protein was statistically related to higher chances of death. Twist1 immunoexpression in cytoplasm showed loss of expression in CACs compared to MECs, PACs, and EMCs. Low immunoexpression of Snail1 was evidenced among the MNSGs. However, in the analysis of CACs, greater nuclear expression was observed in the solid variant compared to the others. Expression of MMP-9 in parenchyma showed a positive correlation with cytoplasmic Twist1 and Snail1nuclear in MNSGs. MMP-9 also showed a positive correlation when comparing its immunoexpression in the parenchyma and the stroma. VM was presented as a biomarker to be considered in the clinical evaluation of patients since it showed a significant correlation between greater tumor size and a higher frequency of death. Furthermore, the high expression of this protein appeared as an independent predictive factor for worse overall survival (OS) rates. The evaluation of the rest of the clinicopathological factors showed advanced clinical stages as an indicator of independent prognostic value for lower rates of OS. For disease-free survival, these indicators were the location in the minor salivary gland and the presence of distant metastasis. Our results suggest that the EMT may be related to myoepithelial differentiation in PAs and tumor progression in MNSGs. Also, Twist1 and MMP-9 appear to play a greater role in the scenario of EMT in MNSGs; finally, VM might be used as a prognostic value indicator.
9	MOAN JÉFTER FERNANDES COSTA IN SILICO AFFINITY BETWEEN ANALGESIC/ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS AND THE TRANSIENT RECEPTOR POTENTIAL A1 TO PREDICT POTENTIAL PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGING APPROACHES FOR BLEACHING SENSITIVITY Advisor : BONIEK CASTILLO DUTRA BORGES COMMITTEE MEMBERS : BONIEK CASTILLO DUTRA BORGES ISAUREMI VIEIRA DE ASSUNCAO MARILIA REGALADO GALVAO RABELO CALDAS DÉBORA MICHELLE GONÇALVES DE AMORIM LETICIA VIRGINIA DE FREITAS CHAVES Data: Jun 27, 2022 Show Abstract Introduction: Reducing in-office tooth bleaching sensitivity represents a challenge for professionals. Researchers have associated the block of the pain receptor TRPA1 with reducing bleaching sensitivity. However, the chemical affinity of analgesic/anti-inflammatory drugs to the TRPA1 needs to be verified. Objective: To perform a virtual screening of multiple drugs (analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs) to verify chemical affinity for the TRPA1 receptor. Methodology: The crystal structure of the TRPA1 receptor proteins was retrieved from the Protein Data Bank. The SMILES codes of the ligands were extracted from PubChem. The binding energy of the complex was obtained in ∆G - kcal/mol by AutoDock Vina© and replicated in the webservers SwissDock©, Dockthor©, and CbDock©. LigPlus© confirmed the binding sites. Results: Although the receptor antagonists analyzed showed high affinity, codeine and dexamethasone showed regularity among all servers, even showing binding energy values of -7.9 kcal/mol for codeine and -8.1 kcal/mol for dexamethasone. Conclusion: Codeine and dexamethasone may be potential drugs to manage tooth bleaching sensitivity if they reach the dental pulp TRPA1 receptor.
10	RAUL ELTON ARAUJO BORGES VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DIAGNOSTIC INSTRUMENT FOR TEMPOROMANDIBULAR DISORDERS- EDI/TMD Advisor : PATRICIA DOS SANTOS CALDERON COMMITTEE MEMBERS : MARGARETE RIBEIRO DA SILVA EVELYN MIKAELA KOGAWA GUSTAVO AUGUSTO SEABRA BARBOSA PATRICIA DOS SANTOS CALDERON PAULO CESAR RODRIGUES CONTI Data: Aug 15, 2022 Show Abstract Introduction: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is a highly underreported oral health problem. In addition, its diagnosis is complex and requires the use of valid and reliable instruments for use in epidemiological studies. Objective: To validate the Epidemiological Diagnostic Instrument for TMD (EDI/TMD), with applicability for national epidemiological studies. Methodology: This is a validation study, internal structure validity through Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), reliability (internal consistency; interobserver and intraobserver), and convergent validity of the EDI/TMD were assessed using the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) as the gold standards. Results: Bartlett’s test (X2 = 734.645; p< 0,001) and the Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin (KMO=0,746) measure of sampling adequacy was obtained. AFE showed tree factors (Muscle TMD, Joint TMD, and Differential Diagnosis) with all items having factor loadings > 0.4, which explained 73.3% of the total variance. Good internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha= 0.775. Reliability ranged from substantial to excellent, reproducibility interobserver (Kappa=0.79-1.00, ICC=0.91-0.97, p< 0.001) and intraobserver (Kappa= 0.75-1.00, ICC=0.80-0.95; p< 0.001). The EDI/TMD total score showed valid and satisfactory diagnostic criteria according to the DC/TMD (Kappa= 0.906; p<0.001), with the ability to differentiate between individuals without and with TMD with a cut-off point of 4.9 (Sensitivity=1.0; Specificity=1.0; AUR=1.0); Mixed TMD with a cut-off point of 14 or more (Sensitivity=0.8; Specificity=1.0; AUR=0.987); and either Muscles TMD (Sensitivity=1.0; Specificity= 0.88; PPV= 0.89; NPV=1.0) or Joint TMD (Sensitivity=0.95; Specificity= 0.87; PPV= 0.83; NPV=0.96), with a cut-off point between 5-13.9, with the diagnosis obtained from the highest score in each factor (Muscles or Joint). Conclusion: The EDI/TMD is a valid and reliable assessment tool, with adequate and satisfactory psychometric properties, capable of diagnosing people with TMD and classifying the subtype of the condition (Muscle, Joint, and Mixed). Finally, the EDI/TMD is an important Brazilian questionnaire that should be used for TMD epidemiological surveys and in oral health services as a faster and simpler screening tool than the DC/TMD.
11	FRANCISCO LEONARDO DA SILVA JUNIOR EVALUATION OF THE USE OF THE PROBIOTIC LACTOBACILUS CASEI ADJUNCT TO PERIODONTAL THERAPY IN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF PERIODONTITIS: A RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERIODONTAL AND INTESTINE Advisor : ANA RAFAELA LUZ DE AQUINO MARTINS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ANA RAFAELA LUZ DE AQUINO MARTINS RUTHINEIA DIOGENES ALVES UCHOA LINS EULER MACIEL DANTAS FERNANDO JOSE DE OLIVEIRA NOBREGA SABRINA GARCIA DE AQUINO Data: Aug 17, 2022 Show Abstract Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition that can influence the gut microbiota. The gold standard treatment for periodontitis includes scaling and crown-root planing, but in complex cases adjuvant therapies such as probiotics can be used. The use of this adjuvant treatment may contribute to the improvement of periodontal condition and intestinal symbiosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect on periodontal and intestinal inflammation of the use of Lactobacillus casei (LC) adjunct to scaling and root planing (RACR) in Balb/c mice with ligature-induced periodontitis. This study is a preclinical, in vivo, randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled trial consisting of 40 male Balb/c mice. The animals were submitted to periodontitis induction by placing a 4.0 silk suture ligature around the upper right second molar. The sample was divided into 4 groups, each with 10 animals: Group I: Without Periodontitis and without RACR; Group II: With Periodontitis and without RACR; Group III: With Periodontitis and with RACR; Group IV: With Periodontitis and with RACR + administration of LC, by gavage, for 30 days. Cytokine analyzes were performed by the ELISA method in gingival tissue (IL-6), intestinal tissue (IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10) and blood (IL-1β and IL-6), the blood was also subjected to analysis biochemical (TGO, TGP, urea and creatinine) and differential leukocyte count. Fragments of the large intestine of these animals were collected and analyzed for biomarkers of oxidative stress (SOD, GSH and MDA), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and the population of Lactic Acid-Producing Bacteria in the animals' feces was counted. The use of LC adjunct to RACR resulted in a reduction in the expression of IL-6 in the gingival tissue of mice with Periodontitis (p < 0.05), for the blood inteleukins (IL-1β and IL-6), there were no differences between the groups (p > 0.05). As for intestinal cytokines, there was a reduction in the expression of IL-10 (p < 0.05), for the groups that presented Periodontitis. Regarding intestinal oxidative stress, the animals in Groups III and IV had a reduction in MDA levels (p < 0.05), for SOD and GSH, there were no significant differences between the 4 groups studied (p < 0.05 ). It is concluded that the use of LC adjunct to RACR in mice with ligation-induced periodontitis can reduce the release of IL-6 in the gingival tissue. Regarding the intestinal effects, two effects were found: The first related to the modulation of the inflammatory response, with the reduction of MDA, in the animals that received periodontal treatment. And the second related to a pro-inflammatory effect, with the reduction of IL-10 expression.
12	NATHALIA RAMOS DA SILVA Adhesive cementation of glass ceramics for CAD/CAM: effect of the type of adhesive system and long-term aging on the bond strength to resin cement Advisor : RODRIGO OTHAVIO DE ASSUNCAO E SOUZA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : RODRIGO OTHAVIO DE ASSUNCAO E SOUZA ADRIANA DA FONTE PORTO CARREIRO SAMIRA ALBUQUERQUE DE SOUSA DAYANNE MONIELLE DUARTE MOURA RENATA MARQUES DE MELO Data: Aug 24, 2022 Show Abstract The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of the type of adhesive system and aging on the wettability and bond strength of glass ceramics to resin cement. Lithium silicate (SL - Celtra Duo, Dentsply Sirona), feldspathic (FD - Vita Mark II, VITA Zahnfabrik) and polymer-infiltrated ceramic (PIC - Vita Enamic, VITA Zahnfabrik) blocks were sectioned (N=96, 10 x 12 x 2 mm), included and randomly divided into 24 groups according to the factors: “Ceramics” (SL, FD and PIC), “Adhesive” (CONT–control without adhesive; C2P–conventional 2-step adhesive; C3P–adhesive conventional 3-step; UNV–universal adhesive) and “Aging” (SE-non-aged; CE-aged). After the ceramic treatment, cylinders (n=15, Ø = 2 mm and height = 2 mm) of resin cement (RelyX Ultimate, 3M ESPE) were made (4 cylinders/block) and half of the samples were stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24h (SE) and half were subjected to thermocycling 10,000 cycles and storage in water at 37°C for 18 months (EC). Then, the samples were submitted to the shear bond strength test with wire (RUC - 100 KgF, 1 mm/min), failure analysis, contact angle measurement and interface analysis by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). RUC (MPa) and contact angle data were analyzed by 2-way ANOVA and 1-way ANOVA, respectively, and Tukey (5%). Weibull analysis was performed for RUC. 2-way ANOVA revealed that the “Adhesive” factor was significant only for SL (p<0.0001) and FD (p=0.0079) ceramics. The Adhesive/Aging interaction (p=0.0015) and “Aging” (p=0.0008) were significant only for SL. For SL, after aging, the CE_UNV (22.18± 7.74CD) and CE_C2P (17.32± 5.86D) groups were lower than the control (30.30± 6.11A). Only the UNV group showed a significant decrease after aging. For FD, C2P had the lowest RUC in relation to the other groups. PIC showed similarity of RUC between all groups. The UNV contact angle presented the lowest value for SL (55.27°) and FD (51.34°). For PIC, C3P presented the highest angle (63.00°) and CONT the smallest (49.83°). Therefore, the application of an adhesive was not beneficial for ceramic-cement adhesion. Furthermore, the use of C2P and UNV after silanization of SL and C2P ceramics for FD should be evaluated with caution, as the bond strength was reduced compared to the control group after aging.
13	MARCELO LEITE MACHADO DA SILVEIRA Evaluation of cardiovascular alterations and catecholamines serum concentration after oral surgery in patients receiving local anesthetics with adrenergic vasoconstrictor. Advisor : ADRIANO ROCHA GERMANO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ADRIANO ROCHA GERMANO WAGNER RANIER MACIEL DANTAS EDUARDO DIAS DE ANDRADE FRANCISCO SAMUEL RODRIGUES CARVALHO RICARDO JOSÉ HOLANDA VASCONCELOS Data: Aug 31, 2022 Show Abstract Objectives: A randomized controlled clinical trial was developed to evaluate the cardiovascular effects of local anesthetics with vasoconstrictors (LAVC) in healthy and hypertensive patients undergoing teeth extraction with lidocaine 2% with epinephrine 1:100.000. Materials and methods: 20 patients were divided into control (CG – normotensive patients) and experimental groups (EG – hypertensive patients). The variables analyzed were heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation (O2S), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (sysBP and diasBP), serum catecholamines concentration (dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine), ventricular and supraventricular extrasystoles (VES and SVES respectively), and ST segment depression. Data was obtained in three different moments (initial, trans and final). Blood samples were taken to measure the catecholamines and a Holter device was used to measure data from the electrocardiogram including a 24-hour postoperative evaluation period. The Mann-Whitney test was used to identify differences between the two groups and the Friedman test with the adjusted Wilcoxon post test were used for intragroup evaluation for repeated measures. Results: The EG presented a lower O2S in the initial period (p = 0,001) while the sysBP showed a statistical difference for the three evaluation periods with the EG presenting the highest values. The VES where higher for the EG during the 24-hour postoperative evaluation period (p = 0,041). The SVES and the serum catecholamines showed were similar between the groups. The intragroup analysis revealed significant statistical difference for the sysBP in the EG with the trans period presenting the highest measurements. The extrasystoles evaluation showed that the 24-hour postoperative period presented most events with only the CG not presenting statistical difference for the variable VES during this period (p = 0,112). No ST segment depression was noticed for both groups. Conclusions: Teeth extraction with LAVC can be safely executed in hypertensive patients. Blood pressure should be monitored in these patients since the sysBP presented significant differences during the surgical procedures. Cardiac arrhythmia and the serum catecholamines concentration levels seem not to be altered by the surgical procedure. Also, serum catecholamines to not influence cardiovascular changes in this type of surgery.
14	BRUNA KATHERINE GUIMARÃES CARVALHO STABILIZING SPLINTS MANUFACTURED BY DIGITALMETHOD: IN VITRO MICROBIOLOGICAL TEST AND FRACTURE RESISTANCE Advisor : ERIKA OLIVEIRA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ERIKA OLIVEIRA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS GUSTAVO AUGUSTO SEABRA BARBOSA MARIA REGINA MACEDO COSTA Paulo Cézar Simamoto Júnior SHEILA RODRIGUES SOUSA PORTA Data: Sep 28, 2022 Show Abstract CAD/CAM technology allowed the stabilizing splints manufacture, however there are gaps about these devices' behavior in face of mechanical and biological variables that are still unknown. Thus, the objective of this project was to verify if the resins used in digital technology of milled and printed stabilizer splints can influence fracture resistance and microorganism adhesion, in relation to the resin applied in manufacture of conventional thermopolymerizable splints. The method included mechanical and microbiological steps, each one composed by Conventional (CG) (n=30), Milled (MG) (n=30) and Printed (PG) (n=30) groups, according to the method of preparation, each one having three subgroups (n=10) that varied the specimen thickness from 1 to 3 mm. In the mechanical step, the samples, in the form of 65 mm bars, were tested for fracture resistance in a universal testing machine, with load cell of 500 kgf and speed of 1 mm/min; in the microbiological step, the shape was in form of 15 mm diameter discs, subjected to micro-organism adhesion to the surface with exposure to Streptococcus mutans and kept for 24 hours at 35 °C in oven for successive CFU counting. Data were stored in SPSS 22.0 and statistical analysis used ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc. In the results of mechanical step ANOVA had identified statistically significant differences between the groups (p≤0,005), showing CG and MG had presented better results. Tukey´s post hoc had considered statistically significant difference between MG and PG (p=0,031), listing MG as superior. For the microbiological step, they did not show statistical differences between the groups (p>0.005) in any analysis. It was observed milled resins described superior results and/or close to the conventional technique one, for fracture resistance; and printed resins are superior in terms of microorganisms’ surface adhesion.
15	RODRIGO FALCÃO CARVALHO PORTO DE FREITAS Complete dentures digital workflow: Biomechanical properties and development of a novel workflow Advisor : ADRIANA DA FONTE PORTO CARREIRO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ADRIANA DA FONTE PORTO CARREIRO RODRIGO OTHAVIO DE ASSUNCAO E SOUZA SANDRA LÚCIA DANTAS DE MORAES TÚLIO PESSOA DE ARAÚJO VINICIUS DUTRA Data: Oct 21, 2022 Show Abstract Complete denture (CD) rehabilitation is the most usual prosthodontic treatment for patients with edentulism. Currently, CDs are mainly designed and fabricated using conventional methods, which involve a broad series of clinical and laboratory procedures. In this context, new digital features like subtractive and additive manufacturing can promote breakthroughs by reducing the time and cost of making CDs. Thus, this study aims to investigate surface characteristics (roughness and contact angle), mechanical properties (mini-flexural strength), and biofilm adhesion on computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) PMMA polymer, and three-dimensional (3D) printed resin for denture´s base fabrication as well as to propose an innovative workflow. For in vitro analysis, a total of 60 discs and 40 rectangular specimens were fabricated from one CAD-CAM pre-polymerized PMMA disc (GM), one 3D-printed (GP), and two conventional heat-polymerized (GCL and GCV) materials for denture base fabrication. Roughness was determined by the Ra value; the contact angle was measured by the sessile drop method; the mini-flexural strength test was a three-point bending test while the biofilm formation inhibition behavior was analyzed through C. albicans adhesion. The data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics (α = 0.05). Results showed that 3D-printed specimens presented the highest surface roughness (Ra: 0.317 ± 0.151 μm) and lowest mini-flexural strength values (57.23 ± 9.07 MPa) and the CAD-CAM PMMA group showed the lowest C. Albicans adhesion (log CFU/mL: 3.74 ± 0.57) and highest mini-flexural strength mean (114.96 ± 16.23 MPa). There was no statistical difference between CAD-CAM pre-polymerized resin and conventional groups for roughness, contact angle, and mini-flexural strength. In turn, the presented novel workflow for complete dentures fabrication reached a three appointments protocol in which preliminary impressions are made in the 1st session, all together to maxillary registration of lip support, occlusal plane, and reference lines for teeth arrangement. A trial denture is manufactured and evaluated by the 2nd appointment through conventional or CAD-CAM procedures, allowing esthetics evaluation, final impression, and maxillomandibular relationship record and providing precise references for final dentures fabrication. Based on the findings of this in vitro study, CAD-CAM milled PMMA polymers presented surface and mechanical properties similar to conventional resins and show improved behavior preventing C. albicans adhesion, while 3D printed acrylic specimens exhibited the lowest flexural strength, and highest surface roughness. The proposed device for CD´s fabrication clinical procedures reached feasibility to be used either by conventional workflow or by CAD-CAM technology and, by simplifying available techniques, this protocol could achieve reliability and predictability to produce precise complete dentures with reduced working time.
16	CAIO CÉSAR DA SILVA BARROS Study of cell cannibalism and epigenetic modification of histone H3 in giant cell lesions Advisor : ERICKA JANINE DANTAS DA SILVEIRA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : CRISTIANE HELENA SQUARIZE ERICKA JANINE DANTAS DA SILVEIRA KARUZA MARIA ALVES PEREIRA LELIA MARIA GUEDES QUEIROZ MARCIA CRISTINA DA COSTA MIGUEL Data: Nov 1, 2022 Show Abstract Background: Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) of the jaws is a benign lesion that exhibits varied clinical behavior, being classified as non-aggressive or aggressive. This research aimed to morphologically evaluate the cell cannibalism and the immunohistochemical expression of the acetylation of histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9ac) and ING5 in 19 cases of peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG), 38 cases of CGCG (19 non-aggressive cases and 19 aggressive cases) and in 19 cases of giant cell tumor (GCT) of bone, as well as to analyze the association of cell cannibalism and this immunoexpression with the clinical behavior of these lesions. Methods: Cell cannibalism analysis was performed through the quantification of cannibal multinucleated giant cells (CMGC), while the analysis of H3K9ac and ING5 immunoexpression was performed quantitatively and semiquantitatively, respectively, in mononuclear cells and quantitatively in multinucleated giant cells (MGC) and CMGC. Data analysis was performed using Student's t-test and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Results: A significant great amount of CGMC was observed in CGCG aggressive compared to non-aggressive CGCG (p = 0.044). There were no significant differences in the CMGC index between PGCG and non-aggressive CGCG (p = 0.858) and between aggressive CGCG and GCT of bone (p = 0.069). CGCG that exhibited rapid growth and tooth displacement and/or root resorption showed a great amount of CMGC (p = 0.035; p = 0.041, respectively). Aggressive CGCG showed higher immunoexpression of H3K9ac (p < 0.0001) and ING5 in MGC and CMGC (p < 0.05; p < 0.0001, respectively) when compared to non-aggressive CGCG. There was no difference in H3K9ac and ING5 immunoexpression between aggressive CGCG and GCT of bone (p > 0.05). A higher frequency of score 4 of ING5 was observed in mononuclear cells in all lesions. H3K9ac and ING5 immunoexpression were associated with aggressive characteristics in CGCG (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Aggressive CGCG shows a high CMGC index when compared to non-aggressive CGCC. Thus, its quantification can help to predict CGCG clinical behavior. The significantly higher H3K9ac and ING5 immunoexpression may reflect greater clastic activity and cell cannibalism induction in aggressive CGCG and, consequently, be associated with greater aggressiveness in these lesions.
17	ALINE DE SOUSA BARBOSA FREITAS PEREIRA Metformin Hydrochloride-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticle in Periodontal Disease Experimental Model Using Diabetic Rats Advisor : AURIGENA ANTUNES DE ARAUJO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : AURIGENA ANTUNES DE ARAUJO BRUNO CESAR DE VASCONCELOS GURGEL FRANCISCO LEONARDO DA SILVA JUNIOR JEAN NUNES DOS SANTOS RAFAEL RODRIGUES LIMA Data: Nov 3, 2022 Show Abstract There is a correlation between diabetes and periodontal disease, and Metformin (MET) in addition to controlling glycemic levels, has shown anti-inflammatory effects and decreased periodontal bone loss. When MET is delivered to a system of nanoparticles of biodegradable polymers, the advantage of increasing therapeutic efficacy can be presented. Objectives: This study consisted of evaluating the anti-inflammatory effects, bone loss and in vitro/in vivo availability of a polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticle associated with MET in a ligature-induced periodontitis model. Materials and methods: The PLGA loaded with different doses of MET was characterized by its mean diameter, particle size, polydispensation index and trapping efficiency. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control and experimental groups with different doses of MET associated or not with PLGA, which received different treatments orally. Samples of maxilla and gingival tissue were used to evaluate bone loss and inflammation, by means of micro computed tomography (µCT), histopathological, immunohistochemistry, analysis of inflammatory cytokines and gene expression of proteins by quantitative RT-PCR. For the in vitro release assay (free of Met or PLGA + Met-12.5 mg/mL for 360 min), static Franz vertical diffusion cells were used. For analysis of availability, blood samples were collected at different time intervals, and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Results: The mean diameter of MET-loaded PLGA nanoparticles was in a range of 457.1 ± 48.9 nm (p <0.05) with a polydispersity index of 0.285 (p <0.05), Z potential of 8.16 ± 1.1 mV (p < 0.01) and trapping efficiency (EE) of 66.7 ± 3.73. Treatment with MET 10 mg/kg + PLGA showed a low concentration of inflammatory cells, weak immunostaining for RANKL, cathepsin K, OPG and osteocalcin and decreased levels of IL-1β and TNF-α (p < 0.05), increase in AMPK gene expression (p <0.05) and decrease in NF-κB p65, HMGB1 and TAK-1 (p <0.05). PLGA + Met 10 mg/kg was released in the in vitro assay suggesting a kinetic model of parabolic diffusion with a release profile of 100% in 10 h by controlled diffusion. The in vivo assay showed the apparent volume of distribution Vz/F (PLGA + Met 10 mg/kg, 40971.8 mL/kg vs. Met 100 mg/kg, 2174.58 mL/kg) and the mean residence time MRTinf (PLGA + Met 10 mg/kg, 37.66 hr vs. Met 100 mg/kg, 3.34 hr). Conclusion: MET loaded PLGA decreased inflammation and bone loss in periodontitis in diabetic rats. The formulation modifies pharmacokinetic parameters, such as apparent volume of distribution and mean residence time. PLGA + Met 10 mg/kg had a slower elimination rate compared to Met 100 mg/kg.
18	ARETHA HEITOR VERISSIMO FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE INTEREST OF USERS OF COMPLETE MANDIBULAR PROSTHESIS IN IMPLANT SUPPORTED THERAPY AND IMPACT OF REHABILITATION WITH OVERDENTURE WITH SINGLE IMPLANT Advisor : ADRIANA DA FONTE PORTO CARREIRO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ADRIANA DA FONTE PORTO CARREIRO ERIKA OLIVEIRA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS GUSTAVO AUGUSTO SEABRA BARBOSA FERNANDA FAOT ANDRE ULISSES DANTAS BATISTA Data: Nov 9, 2022 Show Abstract This study aimed to identify the factors that influence the decision to replace a conventional mandibular complete denture by treatment with dental implants, as well as to evaluate satisfaction, quality of life and masticatory performance (MP) after rehabilitation with overdentures with a single implant in adapted and not adapted to conventional mandibular complete denture (PT). Initially, a cross-sectional study was carried out with 117 users of conventional complete dentures (PTs), who were evaluated for outcomes related to the denture (number of anterior mandibular PTs, time of use of the current denture, whether the dentures were made by a dentist and regarding regular use of the mandibular prosthesis) and regarding the period of mandibular edentulism, mandibular bone height and the patient's willingness to undergo implant therapy. Among these patients, 22 patients who were interested in undergoing therapy with implants were selected, being allocated by pairing into 2 groups: adapted to the mandibular prosthesis (PTA Group - "adapted to mandibular PT") and non-adapted (PTN Group - " not adapted to mandibular PT”). In each patient, a single implant was installed in the midline and after the osseointegration period, the mandibular prostheses were converted into overdentures. Masticatory performance was evaluated by the sieve method, mandibular bone height by paranoid radiographic measurement, satisfaction by quantitative scale with a validated questionnaire and the impact of oral health on quality of life by the OHIP-Edent-19 questionnaire. The chi-square test was used for data analysis and the prevalence ratios adjusted by means of multivariate Poisson regression, with a confidence interval of 95% in the second, for the statistical analysis in each group and between groups, non-response tests were used. -Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney parameters, with a significance level of 5%. Seventy-eight participants (66.7%) were interested in implant-supported mandibular PT, mean age 65.68±6.38, predominantly female.PM was not influenced by the choice of mandibular implant-supported PT. Preference for mandibular implant-supported PT was correlated with longer experience in mandibular PT (p=0.021) and was significantly associated with dissatisfaction regarding retention (p=0.005). After the implant intervention, all non-adapted patients became adapted. There was no difference between PTA and mandibular PTN for OHIP-Edent (p=0.276) and PM (p=0.222), satisfaction was significant only for the criterion “comfort in the lower arch” (p=0.043). For pre- and post-treatment comparisons with overdentures, the median total OHIP-Edent decreased significantly in both groups. In the intragroup comparison, this reduction was significant in PTA only for “functional limitation” (p=0.026), and in PTN in almost all domains, except “social dysfunction” and “disability” (p>0.05). There was a statistically significant increase in overall satisfaction from 75.41 to 90.25 (p=0.012) in PTN and from 76.10 to 90.50 (p=0.007) in PTA. The parameters “chewing”, “adaptation”, “retention” and “comfort” in the lower arch were significantly different in both groups, and “gustation”, “phonation” and “pain” in the lower arch were significant only for the group not adapted (p<0.05). There was a significant difference for PM in PTN (p=0.002) and PTA (p=0.047) when comparing the type of rehabilitation. There was no correlation between PM and OHIP before and after rehabilitation (p>0.05). It can be concluded that the previous experience with conventional mandibular PT and the dissatisfaction with the retention of these, influence the will of rehabilitation with mandibular implant-supported overdenture, as well as, rehabilitation with overdenture on single implant presents itself as an alternative for patients not adapted to mandibular conventional PT, helping to accept the use of mandibular prosthesis, as well as proving a positive effect on satisfaction, quality of life and masticatory performance.
19	SAMUEL BATISTA BORGES COMPARISON OF TWO SURGICAL TECHNIQUES FOR ROOT COVERAGE OF SINGLE GINGIVAL RECESSION Advisor : BRUNO CESAR DE VASCONCELOS GURGEL COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ANA RAFAELA LUZ DE AQUINO MARTINS BRUNO CESAR DE VASCONCELOS GURGEL DANIELA DA SILVA FEITOSA KARYNA DE MELO MENEZES RENATO VASCONCELOS ALVES Data: Nov 11, 2022 Show Abstract The increasing demands of patients for the treatment of gingival recessions bring up clinically significant therapeutic issues, requiring professionals to constantly improve in less invasive and more predictable surgical techniques. AIM: To compare two root coverage techniques to treat single, unilateral, type 1 gingival recessions. METHOD: This parallel, randomized, double-blind clinical trial evaluated individuals with single, unilateral, type 1 gingival recessions 1 (RT1), who underwent root coverage procedure with subepithelial connective tissue graft associated to a coronally advanced flap (control group) or a tunnel technique (test group). The main parameters evaluated were probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BoP), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival recession (GR), height of keratinized tissue (KTH), gingival thickness (GT), percentage of root coverage (RC) and gingival phenotype (GP), in addition to patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), such as postoperative pain, cervical dentin hypersensitivity (CDH), esthetics, degree of satisfaction and quality of life, intra and intergroup, throughout 06 months follow-up. Data were statistically analyzed using paired Student t-test, t-test for independent samples, Chi-square, McNemar, Split-Plot Analysis of Variance with post hoc t-test (α = 5%). RESULTS: 46 subjects completed this study (control: 23; test: 23). Surgery time was longer for the test group (control: 40min ± 5.6; test: 51min ± 5.9; p = 0.041). Statistically significant reductions for GR and significant gain for CAL, KTH and GT were observed in the intragroup analysis, in both treatment groups, however, without differences between techniques. The CR increased significantly, but no intergroup differences were observed (control: 89.2%; test: 86.5%; p = 0.069). Intragroup analysis revealed a change in GP (control: 95.65%; test: 91.3%; p < 0.001). Both treatment protocols reduced postoperative pain and CDH and improved esthetics, satisfaction and quality of life (p < 0.001), with no differences between the techniques over time. CONCLUSION: Both treatments showed similar clinical efficacy in terms of root coverage and improvement in PROMs.
20	ANA MARGARIDA DOS SANTOS MELO In vitro evaluation of the base/top hardness ratio and push-out bond strength between a diatomite-containing composite resin and a bulk-fill composite resin Advisor : ISAUREMI VIEIRA DE ASSUNCAO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ISAUREMI VIEIRA DE ASSUNCAO MARIA CRISTINA DOS SANTOS MEDEIROS MARILIA REGALADO GALVAO RABELO CALDAS JOSELÚCIA DA NÓBREGA DIAS REINALDO DIAS DA SILVA NETO Data: Nov 14, 2022 Show Abstract After the advent of bulk-fill resins, characterized by their use in a single increment, the restorative composite containing diatomite in its inorganic content appeared, marketed as Zirconfill®. However, the scarcity of data that scientifically validate the benefits of diatomite for the physical properties of this composite resin makes it imperative to carry out new studies, especially regarding the use of Zirconhill in semi-direct restorations, whose indication requires materials that support masticatory loads. Objective: To evaluate in vitro the base/top hardness ratio (B/T) and push-out bond strength (RU) between a composite resin containing diatomite and a bulk-fill composite resin after 24 hours and after 6 months of aging. in water. Materials and methods: Twenty-eight bovine incisors were used to produce conical dentinal cavities (4.8 mm major x 2.8 mm minor diameter x 4 mm depth) and C factor of magnitude 3.1. These cavity preparations (n=28) were restored with composite resins Filtek One Bulk Fill (BF) (3M ESPE) or Zirconfill (ZF) (BM4) through the semi-direct technique using the Scotchbond universal adhesive system (3M ESPE) and cement dual resin Relyx Ultimate (3M ESPE). The B/T analysis was performed with the aid of a Vickers microhardness tester and the RU was performed using the push-out test in a universal testing machine. All samples were stored in distilled water at 37 °C for 24 hours or 6 months. The B/T and RU data were submitted to one- and two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), respectively, with Tukey's post-test (p <0.05). Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the composite resins in B/T. For the RU, analyzing each aging time separately, the ZF composite resin showed higher values than the BF resin. However, analyzing over time, there was no statistically significant difference for any resin.
21	LIDYA NARA MARQUES DE ARAÚJO BEHAVIOR OF PERI-IMPLANT TISSUES AFTER SINGLE IMPLANT REHABILITATION IN AESTHETIC AREA COMPARING PREFABRICATED VERSUS CUSTOM PROSTHETIC ABUTMENTS Advisor : BRUNO CESAR DE VASCONCELOS GURGEL COMMITTEE MEMBERS : BRUNO CESAR DE VASCONCELOS GURGEL EULER MACIEL DANTAS MICHEL REIS MESSORA LUANA MARIA MARTINS DE AQUINO MARIANA LINHARES ALMEIDA Data: Nov 25, 2022 Show Abstract The esthetics and stability of the soft tissue and bone around the implant is a critical component to the long-term success of the implant and can be influenced by factors such as the type of prosthetic connections. OBJECTIVE: To compare the behavior of the peri-implant tissue of single implant-supported crowns in the anterior aesthetic area using prefabricated titanium prosthetic abutments (G1) and customized zirconia prosthetic abutments (G2). METHODOLOGY: In this controlled, blinded, non-randomized clinical trial, 30 single cemented anterior implants were sequentially allocated: 15 implants rehabilitated on implant system with a prefabricated titanium prosthetic abutment (G1) and 15 on implant system with customized zirconia prosthetic abutment (G2). The behavior of the peri-implant tissue was evaluated at T0 (beginning of tissue conditioning), T1 (end of tissue conditioning), T2 (7 days after final cementation), T3 (6 months after final cementation). Visible Plaque Index (VPI), Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI), Bleeding on Probing (BoP), Probing Depth (PD), Interdental Papilla Height/Width Ratio (PH/PW), Keratinized Mucosa Width (KM), Gingival Thickness (PT), Periodontal Phenotype (PF), Gingival Recession (GR), radiographic distance from the bone crest to the contact point and Pink Esthetic Score (PES) were registered. The results were analyzed with the following statistical tests: Friedman, Mann-Whitney and Chi-square/Fisher's Exact test with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were observed between groups for any of the clinical parameters in any, (p>0.05). However, intragroup analysis showed a statistical reduction in VPI between T1 and T2 only for G2 (p<0.05). There was a significant decrease between T0 and T3 for GT (1.67 mm - 1.47 mm in G1, and 1.70 mm -1.47 mm in G2) and increase in the ratio PH/PW (0.56 - 0.80 in G1 and 0.70-0.83 in G2) in both groups (p<0.0001). PES also increased significantly for both groups (9 – 12 in G1 and 7 – 12 in G2) from T0 to T1 and remained high in the other periods. CONCLUSION: The results showed that the prosthetic abutments used did not impact differences in clinical and aesthetic variables related to the behavior of peri-implant tissues during the study. Therefore, the decision to select components an aesthetic area should be based on aspects such as cost, workflow and timing.
22	ONDINA KARLA MOUSINHO ROCHA TORRES INFLUENCE OF THE HIPPO PATHWAY IN ORAL TONGUE SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA Advisor : MARCIA CRISTINA DA COSTA MIGUEL COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ERICKA JANINE DANTAS DA SILVEIRA HELLEN BANDEIRA DE PONTES SANTOS JOABE DOS SANTOS PEREIRA LUIZ ARTHUR BARBOSA DA SILVA MARCIA CRISTINA DA COSTA MIGUEL Data: Dec 5, 2022 Show Abstract Oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) has high morbidity and mortality rates. Despite the progress made in this area, researchers continue to search for molecular biomarkers that have predictive value in the prognosis of patients and allow the development of new therapeutic strategies. In this context, several studies have highlighted the role of the Hippo pathway for this purpose. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate whether the proteins related to the Hippo pathway, LATS2 and YAP1, have some influence on the OTSCC biological behavior. The sample consisted of 26 OTSCC cases and 8 normal oral mucosa cases as control. To morphologically assess the OTSCC, the gradations proposed by the WHO (2005) and by Almangush et al. (2014) were performed. The immunohistochemical profile of LATS2 and YAP1 was evaluated by scores (0-3), based on their immunoexpression in intracellular location (nucleus and/or cytoplasm) and epithelial distribution. Pearson's Chi-square, Fisher's Exact, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis statistical tests were performed for the analysis of the studied parameters. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test. For all evaluations, values with p<0.05 were considered significant. High expression of LATS2 was observed both in normal oral mucosa and in most OTSCC, with no statistically significant difference. It was also possible to observe the increase in YAP immunoexpression in cases of OTSCC compared to the normal oral mucosa (p<0.001). The high expression of both proteins in most OTSCC suggests that other signaling pathways, in addition to regulating through LATS2, may be inducing the nuclear YAP expression in these tumors. It was also found that the LATS2 low expression was associated with lower rates of disease-free survival (p=0.039). Furthermore, YAP high expression was found associated with the BD model's high-risk classification (p=0.034), suggesting this protein immunoexpression may be associated with EMT and cell invasion in OTSCC. Therefore, it is concluded that the Hippo pathway can influence the OTSCC biological behavior.
23	LARISSA SANTOS AMARAL ROLIM IMMUNOEXPRESSION ANALYSIS OF MARKERS OF THE EPITHELIAL-MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION IN SPECIMENS AND CELL LINE OF ADENOID CYSTIC CARCINOMA Advisor : LEAO PEREIRA PINTO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : LEAO PEREIRA PINTO LELIA BATISTA DE SOUZA ROSEANA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS ROGÉRIO MORAES DE CASTILHO HELLEN BANDEIRA DE PONTES SANTOS Data: Dec 13, 2022 Show Abstract Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma (ACC) characterized by persistent and invasive growth, with a high tendency to local recurrences and distant metastases. It is believed that the mechanism responsible for tumor progression is based on the collective or individual cell invasion, kwon as Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT), where occur a decrease in the expression of epithelial biomarkers, such as E-cadherin, and increased expression of mesenchymal biomarkers, such as Twist, Snail and Vimentin. Thus, the present research aims to conduct a research on immunoexpression of EMT transcription factors in ACC specimens and their influence on migratory potential and ability to form tumorsphere in an ACC cell line, through exposure to cisplatin. Expressions of Twist, Snail, E-cadherin and Vimentin were evaluated in 20 tissue specimens of ACC in a quantitative and semi-quantitative manner and analyzed for cellular compartment. In order to look for an association with clinicopathological parameters, survival and two histopathological grading systems, the cases were divided into low expression and high expression, with a score of 4 as the cutoff point considered. In the in vitro assays, the staining of EMT markers by immunofluorescence using cisplatin (stock: 10mg/ml; IC50: 4μg/m), in migration assay (wound healing) and in tumorsphere assay were evaluated. There were no significant associations between clinicopathological parameters and grading systems (p>0.05). The immunohistochemical analysis revealed significant associations between the immunoexpression of vimentin, which was statistically significant when compared with the clinical variables: presence of lymph node metastasis (p=0.020), distant metastasis (p=0.007), late clinical staging (p=0.008) and death (p=0.004). The statistical analysis showed no significant associations between immunohistochemical variables and specific survival and disease-free survival (p>0.05). In in vitro assays, the migratory capacity of cells significantly decreased in the first 6h (p=0.050) and 12h (p=0.050) after exposure to chemotherapy. In immunofluorescence, the immunopositivity of Twist (p<0.001), Snail (p<0.001) and Vimentin (p<0.001) was significantly decreased when exposed to cisplatin. In the tumorsphere assay, there was a statistically significant decrease in the types of spheres when compared between the vehicle and cisplatin groups (holospheres: p=0.034; merospheres: p=0.050; paraspheres: p=0.050) and the number of paraspheres was significantly higher than merospheres (p=0.001) and holospheres (p=0.001) in the vehicle group. Through the results of this study, it was possible to conclude that EMT is present in an expressive, however not in a significant, way in the carcinogenesis of ACC. We also observed that ACC cells that exhibit EMT markers are sensitive to the chemotherapy drug cisplatin, affecting the expression of these markers, their migration and the formation of tumorspheres.
24	AMANDA FELIX GONÇALVES TOMAZ Correlation between the maturation stages of the cervical vertebrae and the midpalatal suture Advisor : PATRICIA TEIXEIRA DE OLIVEIRA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : PATRICIA TEIXEIRA DE OLIVEIRA JOSE SANDRO PEREIRA DA SILVA SERGEI GODEIRO FERNANDES RABELO CALDAS HANIERI GUSTAVO DE OLIVEIRA VÂNIO SANTOS COSTA Data: Dec 21, 2022 Show Abstract Introduction: The midpalatal suture maturation (MPSM) is an important parameter to predict the rapid maxillary expansion (RME) success, but a cone-beam computed tomography is required for its evaluation. A correlation between both the MPSM and cervical vertebrae (CVM) would allow predicting the success of rapid maxillary expansion by means of lateral cephalograms. Objective: To correlate MPSM stages with CVM stages using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Material and methods: A total of 195 CBCTs of skull of individuals of both sexes aged over 5 years old will be analyzed. The CBCT exams will be collected from the documentation file of Clínica Radiologia Odontológica Conceito, located at Natal, Rio Grande do Norte. An examiner will withhold the personal informations of patients and randomly assign the CBCT exams based on an electronically generated numerical sequence. Two other previously calibrated examiners will blindly and independently perform the subjective assessment of MPSM and CVM in each CBCT exam. For this, initially, standardization of head position of participants will be carried out in the CBCT exams. The MPSM stage will be assessed by observing the maxilla in the axial view. Depending on the anatomy of the midpalatal suture, maturation will be classified as A, B, C, D or E. On the other hand, the CVM stage will be assessed in the sagittal view of the cervical vertebrae. Depending on the morphology of C2, C3 and C4 vertebrae, maturation will be classified as stage CS1, CS2, CS3, CS4, CS5 or CS6. The intra and interexaminer reliabilities will be analyzed using the Kappa’s Concordance Coefficient. On the other hand, correlation between the maturation stage of the palatal suture, the stage of maturation of the cervical vertebrae and age will be performed using the Spearman Correlation Test. The stages of MPSM and CVM distribution was calculated through the relative and absolute frequencies in individuals distributed in different age groups.
25	JULIANA CAMPOS PINHEIRO BIOLOGICAL EFFECT OF LOW-LEVEL LASER IRRADIATION ON OSTEOBLASTS CULTURED ON THE SURFACE OF 3D POLYMERIC SCAFFOLDS Advisor : CARLOS AUGUSTO GALVAO BARBOZA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : CARLOS AUGUSTO GALVAO BARBOZA MARCIA CRISTINA DA COSTA MIGUEL PEDRO PAULO DE ANDRADE SANTOS CARLOS EDUARDO BEZERRA DE MOURA RICARDO LUIZ CAVALCANTI DE ALBUQUERQUE JUNIOR Data: Dec 21, 2022 Show Abstract The first part of the work evaluated, through a systematic review of in vitro studies, the applicability of photobiomodulation as an auxiliary tool in tissue engineering. Of 8373 studies initially identified from the search strategies, ten articles met the inclusion criteria for analysis. Data obtained from most of the reviewed studies indicated that low-intensity laser therapy (LLLT) could increase the proliferation and differentiation of cells cultured on the surface of biomaterials. The second part of the work evaluated the effect of LLLT at a dose of 4 J/cm² on the proliferation of osteoblasts (OFCOL II) cultivated on the surface of three-dimensional (3D) polymer scaffolds of polylactic acid (PLA) and PLA associated with chitosan (PLA/Q) produced by the solution blow spinning technique. The Alamar Blue assay demonstrated that OFCOL II cells cultured on 3D PLA scaffolds and irradiated showed more significant proliferative activity when compared to non-irradiated groups within 72 h. Furthermore, OFCOL II cells cultured on PLA/Q scaffolds showed higher proliferative activity at 24 h. Analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the osteoblasts were anchored in the concavities of the fibers of the examined scaffolds. It was concluded that the proposed model showed potential for studies in the field of bone tissue engineering. The third part of the work evaluated the influence of infrared (IR) and red (R) LLLT at different dosages (1 J/cm², 4 J/cm², and 6 J/cm²) on the proliferation and viability of OFCOL II cells. The Alamar Blue assay showed significant differences (p<0.05) in the mitochondrial activity of group IR using the dose of 1 J/cm² and 4 J/cm² at 24 and 48 h. The Live/Dead assay showed that LLLT induced an increase in cell viability in the IR group at a dose of 4 J/cm² compared to the other groups. Taken together, the results suggest that LLLT can promote in vitro biostimulation of osteoblasts, even when cultivated on the surface of 3D polymeric scaffolds, thus representing a promising tool in bone tissue engineering techniques.

2021

	Dissertations
1	LUIZ CARLOS ALVES JUNIOR QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION AND PERCEPTION OF FACIAL CHANGES AFTER ORAL LIPECTOMY Advisor : ADRIANO ROCHA GERMANO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ADRIANO ROCHA GERMANO HECIO HENRIQUE ARAUJO DE MORAIS JOSÉ WILSON NOLETO JÚNIOR Data: Jan 25, 2021 Show Abstract This study sought to identify whether there is a difference in the cheek region through three-dimensional photogrammetry after bilateral oral lipectomy. This is a quasi-experimental clinical trial on oral lipectomy. Fifteen patients were operated on, totaling 30 oral lipectomies. A photographic protocol for three-dimensional photogrammetry was performed in two operative stages, T0: preoperative and T1: 10 months postoperatively. The mouth opening, body weight, the amount of fat removed in grams and milliliters; and visual analogue pain scale, were collected. Through the Google® Form, dental specialists evaluated the photographs. The quantitative evaluation of the subzygomatic region was performed using the GOM inspect® program using a color map and millimeter measurements in the cheek region. Spearman's coefficient and the Wilcoxon test were used. There was a moderate negative correlation between the amount of fat removed on the right side and the tissue change that occurred in zone 2, with p <0.046, revealing a statistically significant difference. The Wilcoxon test revealed a statistically significant difference in all zones between T0 and T1. The professionals' success rate on T0 and T1 was 69.86%. Three-dimensional photogrammetry was able to quantify the changes in the cheek region after the oral lipectomy, which despite being millimetric, were perceived by professionals. The subzygomatic area in zone 2 and 5 appears to be the region that decreases the most after CAB removal.
2	MARIANA RIOS BERTOLDO Presence of headache and the use of personal protective equipment in dentists and doctors in Rio Grande do Norte during COVID-19 Advisor : GUSTAVO AUGUSTO SEABRA BARBOSA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : EDUARDO JOSÉ GUERRA SEABRA ERIKA OLIVEIRA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS GUSTAVO AUGUSTO SEABRA BARBOSA Data: Jan 28, 2021 Show Abstract Introduction: Introduction: The alertness caused by the disease of the new Coronavirus (COVID-19) can negatively impact the health of individuals. Health professionals are exposed to contamination by the virus, especially dental surgeons and doctors, due to their frequent performance, very close to the patient. It is known that headache may be related to individual protective equipment (EPIS) used in the daily lives of these professionals. Objective: The present study seeks to evaluate the presence of headache and the use of personal protective equipment in Dental Surgeons and Doctors in Rio Grande do Norte. Methodology: An observational, analytical and cross-sectional study was carried out with dental surgeons and doctors invited to participate in the survey via electronic messages through Google forms about signs and symptoms, through the questionnaire for headache (Questionnaire of headaches associated with equipment personal protection - Adapted). For statistical analysis the data were gathered in a database created in the program Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) 22.0. Pearson and Fischer Chi-square tests were performed to cross the variables, with a 95% confidence interval. Results: The study sample consisted of 181 professionals, being 23.2% doctors (n = 42) and 76.8% dental surgeons (n = 139), 34.8% (n = 63) male and 65.2 % (n = 118) of the female gender. 84% (n = 152) of the professionals worked in an outpatient setting. 43.6% of professionals (n = 79) reported a positive response to headache, with female participants being more likely to develop headache (p <0.01). An increase in the use of EPIS (87.3% n = 158) (p = 0.183), use of facial masks with glasses or visors (96.7% n = 175), (p = 0.234) or N95 or PFF- masks 2 (88.4% n = 160) (p = 0.062) were not related to headache. However, its use for 5 hours or more (58.6% n = 106) (p <0.01) was statistically significant. Reports of bilateral headaches, pain in the parietal and temporal region and throughout the head, quality of pain, time interval and intensity, were significant for the development of headache due to the use of PPE.Conclusions: Based on our study, the increased use of PPE did not statistically influence headache. In addition, it was observed that the type of mask used did not influence the reports of headache. Still, when analyzed on the length of time the PPE was used, there was an increase in reports of headache in those professionals who used them for about five hours or more.
3	JADSON ALEXANDRE SILVA LIRA EFFECT OF PHOTOBIOMODULATION ON THE VIABILITY AND PROLIFERATION OF HUMAN PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT STEM CELLS CULTURED ON POLYLATIC ACID FILMS Advisor : CARLOS AUGUSTO GALVAO BARBOZA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : CARLOS AUGUSTO GALVAO BARBOZA CARLOS EDUARDO BEZERRA DE MOURA MARCIA CRISTINA DA COSTA MIGUEL Data: Jan 29, 2021 Show Abstract Polylactic acid (PLA) is a biomaterial with diverse biomedical applications and has been a promising scaffold in tissue engineering mainly due to its biocompatibility, easy manipulation and low cost. Low-level laser irradiation (LLLI) has been shown to be a powerful tool to promote in vitro biostimulation in several cell types. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of photobiomodulation with LLLI on the viability and proliferation of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSC) cultured on PLA scaffolds. PLA films were produced by solvent casting method and the surface topography was evaluated by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). hPDLSC were isolated, characterized and cultured on the PLA films. Two groups were evaluated: Control - non irradiated; and Laser - irradiated with diode laser (InGaAIP) with wavelength of 660 nm, power of 30 mW, and a single dose of 1 J/cm² with radiation emitted continuously. Cell viability analyzes were performed 24 and 48 hours after irradiation using the the Alamar Blue biochemical assay and Live/Dead assay. Cell cycle events were assessed by flow cytometry and cell-biomaterial morphological interaction was evaluated by SEM. The films produced showed a flat and regular surface, with the occasional presence of small pores and an average roughness of 59.381 nm. The results of Alamar Blue assay showed a greater cell metabolic activity in irradiated group compared to control at 24 (p<0.05) and 48 h (p<0.001), which was confirmed in the Live/Dead assay by a higher density of viable cells in the Laser group. In the analysis of the cell cycle, the Laser group showed an increase of cells in the G2/M phase compared to the Control group (p <0.001). SEM images showed a higher cell density in the irradiated group, with maintenance of cell morphology and projections. Taken together, the findings of this study demonstrated that photobiomodulation has the ability to increase the viability and proliferation of periodontal stem cells cultured on PLA scaffolds, which may contribute to the development of new studies using this protocol in periodontal tissue engineering.
4	ANDRE AZEVEDO DOS SANTOS IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL PROFILE OF TUMOR STEM CELL MARKERS IN SALIVARY GLAND TUMORS Advisor : LELIA BATISTA DE SOUZA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : JAMILE MARINHO BEZERRA DE OLIVEIRA MOURA LELIA BATISTA DE SOUZA ROSEANA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS Data: Mar 30, 2021 Show Abstract Salivary gland tumors (SGTs) are characterized by complex clinicopathological features and morphological diversity, as well as different clinical behaviors and prognoses. There is strong evidence that tumor stem cells (TSCs) play important roles in the tumorigenesis of different neoplasms. However, the role of TSCs in the behavior and prognosis of SGTs has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to describe the immunoexpression profile of biomarkers of TSCs (CD44, ALDH1, OCT4, and SOX2) in a series of cases of SGTs (20 pleomorphic adenomas [PAs], 20 adenoid cystic carcinomas [ACCs], and 20 mucoepidermoid carcinomas [MECs]). The data were analyzed with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, adopting a level of significance of 5% (p<0.05). Differences were observed between the parenchymal immunoexpression profiles of the biomarkers in the tumors studied. In PAs and ACCs, marked immunoexpression of ALDH1 and OCT4, respectively, was found, with preferential staining of non-luminal cells, except for ALDH1 which preferentially stained luminal cells. No difference between the immunoexpression of the biomarkers was observed in MECs, with CD44, OCT4 and SOX2 staining epidermoid and intermediate cells, while expression of ALDH1 was also detected in some mucosal cells. Regarding the immunostained subcellular compartment, CD44 was predominantly expressed on the membrane, ALDH1 in the cytoplasm, and OCT4 and SOX2 in the nucleus. Cytoplasmic staining for CD44 and OCT4 was also observed. Comparison of parenchymal immunoexpression between the groups of tumors showed higher expression of ALDH1, OCT4 and SOX2 in PAs, ACCs and MECs, respectively. However, parenchymal immunoexpression of ALDH1 was absent in ACCs and the MEC cases exhibited high parenchymal immunoexpression of SOX2 that differed from the other tumors. Furthermore, immunoexpression of all biomarkers, except for SOX2, was found in the stroma of most PAs, ACCs and MECs. Statistical analysis revealed higher parenchymal immunoexpression of ALDH1 in major SGTs (p=0.021) and of OCT4 in minor SGTs (p=0.011); higher parenchymal immunoexpression of SOX2 in tumors without myoepithelial differentiation (p<0.001) and of OCT4 in tumors with myoepithelial differentiation (p=0.009); higher parenchymal immunoexpression of ALDH1 in benign tumors (p<0.001) and of SOX2 in malignant tumors (p=0.002). CD44 was the only biomarker whose parenchymal immunoexpression was significantly associated with the clinical parameters of malignant tumors, with higher expression of this marker being associated with less aggressive tumors and with those showing a better prognosis. Stromal immunoexpression of CD44, ALDH1 and OCT4 was significantly associated with malignant tumors. Significant correlations between the immunoexpression of the biomarkers were observed in the general sample, as well as in individual analysis of the tumors. These results suggest the existence of different subpopulations of TSCs in SGTs and that these subpopulations play an important role in tumorigenesis. The results also suggest that the immunoexpression detected in the tumor stroma, characterizing the presence of mesenchymal stem cells, is directly related to the biological behavior and progression of malignant SGTs or that these cells represent TSCs that have undergone epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
5	HANNAH GIL DE FARIAS MORAIS IMMUNOEXPRESSION OF E-CADERIN, α-SMA, TGF-β AND SNAIL PROTEINS IN ACTINIC CHEILITIS AND SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA OF THE LOWER LIP. Advisor : ROSEANA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ERICKA JANINE DANTAS DA SILVEIRA HELLEN BANDEIRA DE PONTES SANTOS ROSEANA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS Data: Jun 25, 2021 Show Abstract Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a biological process that has been widely studied in oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), however, it is still rarely evaluated in lip carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the immunoexpression of E-cadherin, α-SMA, TGF-β and Snail proteins in actinic cheilitis (AC) histopathologically diagnosed as epithelial dysplasia, and in lower lip squamous cell carcinoma (LLSCC). The immunoexpression of E-cadherin, α-SMA, TGF-β and Snail was semiquantitatively analyzed in 54 cases of ACs and 49 LLSCCs. Aiming at association of immunohistochemical findings with clinicopathological variables and overall (OS) and disease-free (DFS) survival rates, cases were classified into low expression and high expression categories. No statistically significant associations were observed with any of proteins analyzed with degree of severity of epithelial dysplasia in ACs. The most aggressive morphological parameters showed significant associations with low E-cadherin membrane expression and α-SMA network/spindle immunostaining pattern, while low expression of this protein showed significance with less aggressive morphological parameters. TGF-β and Snail proteins did not reveal significant associations with morphological parameters. Regarding clinical parameters, it was found that low expression of α-SMA in stroma of tumor front and low expression of TGF-β in tumor buds were significantly associated with LLSCCs with better clinical behavior, while α-SMA network/spindle pattern significantly indicated worse clinical behavior. There were no significant associations between immunoexpression of E-cadherin and Snail with clinical parameters evaluated. Associations of protein immunoexpressions among studied lesions revealed significant results for an increase in cytoplasmic expression of E-cadherin in LLSCCs, reduction of α-SMA in ACs, reduction of TGF-β in LLSCCs and increase of Snail in ACs. Survival analysis revealed that high α-SMA expression in tumor front stroma, its network pattern and high TGF-β expression in tumor buds were significantly associated with worse survival parameters in LLSCCs. The results of present study suggest that immunoexpression of E-cadherin, α-SMA, TGF-β and Snail proteins in ACs do not indicate differences in degree of histopathological severity of these lesions, while in LLSCCs it was found that their more aggressive behavior was associated low expression of membrane E-cadherin, high expression of α-SMA and its network pattern and low expression of TGF-β in tumor buds.
6	LUCAS MELO DA COSTA IMMUNOEXPRESSION OF YES-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN (YAP) IN HYPERKERATOSIS AND ORAL EPITHELIAL DYSPLASIAS Advisor : MARCIA CRISTINA DA COSTA MIGUEL COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ERICKA JANINE DANTAS DA SILVEIRA LUIZ ARTHUR BARBOSA DA SILVA MARCIA CRISTINA DA COSTA MIGUEL Data: Jun 29, 2021 Show Abstract The search for a biomarker that helps to predict the risk of malignant transformation of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) represents a great challenge, as it can help in the early and adequate management of patients. This study evaluated the immunoexpression of Yes-Associated Protein (YAP) in intraoral leukoplastic, erythroplastic or leukoerythroplastic lesions, with histopathological diagnosis of hyperkeratosis or oral epithelial dysplasia (OED), correlating this immunoexpression with the degree of morphological severity of these lesions. The sample consisted of 20 cases of hyperkeratosis and 53 cases of OED, in addition to 10 cases of normal oral mucosa (control group). To assess the degree of dysplasia, the WHO grading (EL-NAGGAR et al., 2017) and the Binary System (KUJAN et al., 2006) were used, and the immunohistochemical profile of the YAP protein was evaluated through scores, which ranged from 0 to 3, based on their intracellular location (cytoplasmic or nuclear) and their distribution in the epithelial tissue. For the analysis of the studied parameters, Pearson's Chi-square and Fisher's Exact statistical tests were performed, in addition to non-parametric tests (significance level of 95%). Mild dysplasias were classified (100%) in the low risk of malignant transformation, while the moderate ones were divided between low (47%) and high risk (53%), with severe dysplasias, for the most part (71%), classified as high risk (p < 0.001). The control group exhibited score 0 of immunostaining (80%), hyperkeratosis and mild dysplasias (80% of booth) exhibit score 1, whereas in moderate (63%) and severe dysplasia (79%), the predominant scores was 2 and 3; with a pattern of nuclear immunostaining associated with the high risk of malignant transformation suggested by the Binary System (p = 0.002). The immunoexpression of YAP was similar between hyperkeratosis and mild dysplasias, which should attract greater attention from professionals in cases of hyperkeratosis. Furthermore, the expression of YAP appears to dichotomize OPMDs between lesions with low risk of malignant transformation and lesions with high risk, which may suggest, in the future, its use as a potential predictive marker of the progression for these lesions.
7	LEONARDO MAGALHÃES CARLAN IMMUNOEXPRESSION ASSOCIATION OF E-CADHERIN, SHH AND GLI-1 PROTEINS WITH CLINICAL PATHOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN ORAL TONGUE SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA Advisor : ROSEANA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : HEBEL CAVALCANTI GALVAO JUREMA FREIRE LISBOA DE CASTRO ROSEANA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS Data: Jun 29, 2021 Show Abstract The potential for squamous cell carcinoma invasion requires phenotypic modifications in the parenchymal cells so that they acquire the ability to survive and invade the tumor microenvironment. This process of phenotypic modification is called epithelialmesenchymal transition (EMT), which is crucial for the acquisition of this aggressive malignant phenotype. In this process, the epithelial cells lose part of their characteristics and acquire others inherent to the mesenchymal cells, in a controlled manner, inducing by various transcription factors, conferring, in addition to the aforementioned abilities, stem cell characteristics, resistance to anti-neoplastic treatment and angiogenesis. The aim of the present study was to investigate associations between the immunohistochemical expression of E-cadherin, Shh e, Gli-1 proteins, signaling TEM, with clinicopathological characteristics of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC). The immunoexpression of these proteins was analyzed in 42 cases of OTSCC, in a semiquantitative way, in the neoplastic cells of the tumor invasion front and in the cells that make up the tumor budding. OTSCCs were classified as low and high protein expression. Aiming at the association of immunohistochemical findings with clinicopathological variables and survival rates, cases were classified into low expression and high expression categories. Initially, statistical differences between the histopathological gradations of malignancy by Almangush et al. (2015) and that of Boxberg et al. (2017) regarding clinical parameters. Both, the gradations showed similar categorization for OTSCC cases, were able to categorize the tumors, however, the gradation by Almangush et al. (2015) showed a better association with clinical parameters, highlighting tumor size (p=0.013) and the outcome of death (p<0.01). The immunohistochemical analysis revealed a predominance of low membrane expression of E-cadherin, with a statistically significant association with lymph node involvement (p=0.042). The expression of Shh was quite variable and had no statistically significant associations. Gli-1 had a prevalence of high expression, showing significant relationships with clinicopathological parameters, such as the occurrence of lymph node involvement (p=0.024), clinical stage of the tumor (p=0.016), depth of invasion (p=0.015), activity of tumor budding (p=0.033), smaller size of the tumor nest (p=0.020) and degree of differentiation (p=0.033), the last four being associated with tumor budding. Some correlations between markers were found, such as the positive correlation between the cytoplasmic expression of E-cadherin with Shh (p=0.030) and the immunoexpression of Gli-1 in the cytoplasm/nucleus with Shh (p=0.041). Statistical analysis evidenced the absence of significant associations between immunohistochemical variables and OTSCC prognostic indicators. The findings of this study suggest the expression pattern of E-cadherin, Shh and Gli-1 in OTSCC, in addition to indicating a better clinicopathological association with the malignancy gradation of Almangush et al. (2015). However, the expression of these biomarkers may not be related to patient survival. In addition, no significant differences were observed between the expression of the proteins studied in tumor budding when other cells in the invasion front were evaluated, suggesting a similar cell phenotype for both. The results of this study indicate that the analyzed morphological grading systems proved to be effective in identifying cases of more aggressive OTSCC, with greater emphasis on the one proposed by Almangush et al (2015) and, in relation to the immunohistochemical findings, the results suggest that the lower membrane expression of E-cadherin and the high nuclear/cytoplasmic expression of Gli-1 were associated with the clinical parameter of worse prognosis
8	WESLAY RODRIGUES DA SILVA IMMUNOEXPRESSION OF EGFR AND VEGF PROTEINS IN ORAL CAVITY LIPOMAS Advisor : HEBEL CAVALCANTI GALVAO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : DEBORAH PITTA PARAISO IGLESIAS HEBEL CAVALCANTI GALVAO ROSEANA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS Data: Jun 29, 2021 Show Abstract Lipomas are the most common benign mesenchymal neoplasms. He has a predilection for the trunk, shoulders, neck and armpit, being rare in the hands, lower legs and feet. The head and neck region is responsible for 20% of cases of lipomas. The oral cavity is responsible for 1-4% of all tumors, affects female and male in a similar way, affecting a wide age group, which varies mainly between the second and ninth decades of life. The etiopathogenesis of this tumor remains unknown, so this research aimed to analyze the expression of EGFR and VEGF, using the immunohistochemistry technique, in oral lipomas and to verify whether their expressions are associated with clinicopathological data. The sample consisted of 54 oral lipomas (33 classic and 21 non-classic) and 23 cases of normal adipose tissue. The analysis of the immunohistochemical expression of EGFR and VEGF was based on that of the cytoplasmic membrane and / or nucleus. The angiogenic index was assessed using microvascular counting (MVC). Cell counting was performed using IMAGE J® software. The data obtained were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science software. The level of significance of 5% was adopted for the statistical tests (p ≤ 0.05). Protein immunoexpression analysis revealed a statistically significant difference for EGFR (p=0.041) between classic lipoma and normal adipose tissue. Regarding the microvessel count, the MVC of non-classic lipomas showed a statistically significant difference (p=0.018) in relation to normal adipose tissue. In non-classic lipomas, only the VEGF immunoexpression was directly proportional to the MVC found in the neoplasia, with a moderate, positive and significant correlation (p=0.010). Furthermore, in classic lipomas it was noticed that the immunomarked adipocytes for EGFR were directly proportional to the immunoexpression of VEGF, this is due to the moderate, positive and statistically significant correlation (p=0.005). Based on the results, it can be concluded that although EGFR, VEGFR and MVC participate in neoplastic development, it is possible to suggest that in lipomas, these proteins and the angiogenic index are not primarily involved in tumor growth.
9	JOYCE MAGALHÃES DE BARROS IMMUNOEXPRESSION OF ING3 PROTEIN IN ACTINIC CHEILITIS AND LOWER LIP SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMAS Advisor : LEAO PEREIRA PINTO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : LEAO PEREIRA PINTO LELIA BATISTA DE SOUZA ROBERTA BARROSO CAVALCANTE Data: Jul 7, 2021 Show Abstract The family of inhibitors of growth (ING) corresponds to a group of tumor suppressor genes whose expression is altered or absent in several types of cancer. The products of these genes are mainly related to cellular processes indispensable in carcinogenesis, including cell proliferation, DNA replication and repair. This study evaluated the immunohistochemical expression of ING3 protein in 45 actinic cheilitis (AC) and 48 lower lip squamous cell carcinoma (CCELI) specimens. Protein expression was compared between the two groups of samples, as well as with the clinicopathological parameters of studied lesions, using Fisher's exact tests, Kruskal-Wallis (KW), Mann-Whitney (U) and correlation test of Spearman. A significance level of 5% was adopted for all tests, with values of p ≤ 0.05 being considered significant. No statistically significant associations were found between morphological variables of CCELI and tumor size, lymph node involvement, clinical staging, local recurrence, and lymph node metastasis after treatment (p>0.05). Deaths were significantly more frequent in tumors with a high histopathological risk score (p<0.05). In ACs, significant differences in nuclear-cytoplasmic and restricted to the cytoplasm expression of ING3, with gradation of Kujan et al. (2006) were found (p<0.05). In CCELIs, there was no statistically significant difference when comparing ING3 expressions (nucleocytoplasmic and cytoplasmic restricted) with clinical and morphological parameters (p>0.05). Nucleocytoplasmic ING3 expression was significantly lower in CCELI when compared to AC cases (p<0.05) and cytoplasm-restricted expression was significantly higher in CCELIs (p<0.05). Our results suggest that there is a remarkable decrease in ING3 nuclear expression according to malignant progression, indicating an impaired tumor suppressor function of this protein in AC and CCELI. However, it is believed that, in lip carcinogenesis, ING3 is better characterized as a promising biomarker of malignant transformation, rather than a predictive marker of tumor biological behavior.
10	NARA RÉGIA DA SILVA DOMINGOS IMMUNOEXPRESSION OF E-CADHERIN AND TWIST1 PROTEINS IN SALIVARY GLAND NEOPLASMS Advisor : LELIA BATISTA DE SOUZA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : LELIA BATISTA DE SOUZA LELIA MARIA GUEDES QUEIROZ LEORIK PEREIRA DA SILVA Data: Nov 9, 2021 Show Abstract Salivary gland neoplasms present a great diversity of morphological aspects and biological behaviors, bringing diagnostic difficulties and raising interest in the scientific research of these lesions. In turn, the important role of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is recognized, which plays a fundamental role in tumor invasion and progression, being a necessary step for metastasis. In this process, epithelial cells lose their adhesion and polarity and acquire mesenchymal properties and increased motility, with decreased expression of epithelial biomarkers and increased expression of mesenchymal biomarkers with the involvement of several transcription factors. Among the biomarkers involved in this process are E-cadherin and Twist, which play a fundamental role in the EMT process. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the immunoexpression of E-cadherin and Twist1 proteins in Pleomorphic Adenoma (PA), Cystic Adenoid Carcinoma (ACC) and Ex-Pleomorphic Adenoma Carcinoma (CXPA) aiming at a better understanding of the EMT process in this group of injuries. The study was cross-sectional and the sample consisted of 20 cases of PA, 20 of CAC and 10 of CXPA, in which the immunoexpression of E-cadherin and Twist1 proteins in the tumor parenchyma were analyzed. Possible differences between the expression pattern of these proteins with the clinicopathological profile of the studied lesions were investigated. A statistically significant difference was observed between a greater expression of membrane E-cadherin and the benign nature of the SGT studied (p = 0.030), however, the cytoplasmic immunoexpression of E-cadherin and Twist1 did not show significant results regarding the benign/malignant nature of the lesions (p > 0.05). Regarding the PA histopathological patterns and ACC histological subtypes, no statistically significant differences were observed between the immunoexpression of the studied proteins, similarly for the anatomical location of the cases in our sample (p > 0.05). When evaluating possible differences between the immunoexpression of E-cadherin proteins (cytoplasmic and membrane) and Twist1 with the clinical characteristics of malignant neoplasms (ACC and CXPA), statistically significant differences were evidenced between a higher expression of cytoplasmic E-cadherin in tumors of larger size (p = 0.024). E-cadherin membrane immunoexpression did not show statistically significant results for any of the clinical parameters investigated in the malignant neoplasms included in the present study (p > 0.05). Our results suggest the participation of these proteins in salivary gland neoplasms, in addition to the fact that the high cytoplasmic expression of E-cadherin may be indicative of tumors with worse clinical behavior.
	Thesis
1	FRANCISCO DE ASSIS DE SOUZA JUNIOR Evaluation of alveolar preservation after dental extraction using collagen biomaterial: controlled, randomized and blind clinical trial. Advisor : ADRIANO ROCHA GERMANO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ADRIANO ROCHA GERMANO ANIBAL HENRIQUE BARBOSA LUNA FABIO ROBERTO DAMETTO JOSÉ RODRIGUES LAUREANO FILHO PATRICIA TEIXEIRA DE OLIVEIRA Data: Jan 29, 2021 Show Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of lyophilized hydrolyzed collagen sponge biomaterial (Hemospon®). A controlled, randomized, blinded clinical study was conducted. Eighteen extractions were performed, where the treated alveoli were randomly selected and divided into two groups G1 (test) and G2 (control) with 9 alveolus each. The alveolus were analyzed in the horizontal and vertical directions by means of cone beam computed tomography, before and after 30 days of surgery, and the tomographic results were evaluated using the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests, assuming a statistical significance of p <0.05. In addition to tomographic analyzes, tissues were clinically evaluated for possible complications. From the results it was found that in a joint analysis assessing height (p <, 0.863), total length (p <1,000) and total thickness of the socket (p <0.222), no significant differences were observed between the test and control groups, respectively . Evaluating the parameters independently of the groups for alveolus height (p <0.012) and total alveolus thickness (p <0.001), significant differences were observed, but not in the analysis of alveolus length (p <0.107). In a separate analysis of the parameters for each test and control group, statistically significant differences were observed for the total thickness in the test group (p = 0.008), while for the alveolar height (p = 0.086) and total alveolar length (p = 0.123) significant statistical differences were observed. In general, clinically there was no difference between the groups regarding tissue healing in relation to inflamed gingival tissues and bleeding. No socket evolved with suppuration. It is concluded that the alveoli treated with Hemospon® had smaller bone losses, mainly in relation to thickness, which can be a biomaterial potential for alveolar preservation and was clinically satisfactory in the gingival tissue healing process, with no complications. However, a longer period of tomographic and clinical follow-up is suggested.
2	MARIANA RODRIGUES DE LIMA EVALUATION OF MECHANICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF THERMALLY TREATED NICKEL-TITANIUM RECIPROCATING INSTRUMENTS Advisor : FABIO ROBERTO DAMETTO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : JOEDY MARIA COSTA SANTA ROSA CICERO ROMAO GADE NETO FABIO ROBERTO DAMETTO LETICIA MARIA MENEZES NOBREGA VICTOR TALARICO LEAL VIEIRA Data: Feb 19, 2021 Show Abstract Reciprocating nickel-titanium endodontic instruments have been developed to obtain a faster and safer preparation, however, these instruments have the disadvantage of fracturing during use. Facing this disadvantage, manufacturers have developed changes in instrument design and alloy finishes, as metallurgical characteristics are one of the factors that contribute to fractures. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare mechanical properties of new nickel-titanium instruments with controlled memory. The WaveOne Gold (WOG; Dentsply Sirona, Ballaigues, Switzerland), WA1 File (WA1; TDKaFile, Mexico City, Mexico) and X1 File (X1; MK Life, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil) systems were subjected to the torsional fatigue test, according to the ISO 3630-1 standard, flexural stiffness test, through the cantilever flexion test (45°) and buckling resistance test. The results were evaluated through analysis of variance (ANOVA), the F test and the Tukey test, considering a significance level of 5%. In the torsional fatigue test, the WOG instruments showed greater angular deflection, that is, greater resistance to torsional fracture and the WA1 instruments the lesser, and when comparing the maximum torsional torque, there was no statistically significant difference between the systems. In the flexural stiffness and buckling resistance tests, there was a statistically significant difference between the 3 systems, with the X1 instruments being the most rigid. In the first test, the WA1 instruments were the most flexible followed by the WOG instruments. In conclusion, the WOG, WA1 and X1 instruments showed differences in the mechanical tests, with the WOG and WA1 instruments being the most resistant to torsion fracture and the most flexible, unlike the X1 instruments that were more susceptible to torsion fracture and also the most rigid.
3	ITANIELLY DANTAS SILVEIRA CRUZ EFFECT OF DIFFERENT BONDING PROTOCOLS OF CERAMIC BRACKETS WITH HIGH POWER LED ON THE BOND STRENGTH AND DEGREE OF CONV Advisor : HALLISSA SIMPLICIO GOMES PEREIRA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ARY DOS SANTOS-PINTO ELAINE AUXILIADORA VILELA MAIA ARTHUR CESAR DE MEDEIROS ALVES HALLISSA SIMPLICIO GOMES PEREIRA SERGEI GODEIRO FERNANDES RABELO CALDAS Data: Apr 26, 2021 Show Abstract ERSION. Objective: To analyze the effect of different photoactivation protocols on shear bond strength (SBS) of ceramic brackets (monocrystalline and polycrystalline) bonded to enamel and on the degree of conversion (DC) of an orthodontic resin using the high-power photoactivator Valo Cordless® (Ultradent). Methodology: 80 crowns of bovine incisors were randomly distributed in 8 groups (n=10), 40 from Group 1 (monocrystalline brackets) and 40 from Group 2 (polycrystalline brackets). After the surface treatment with phosphoric acid (15 seconds) and Primer Transbond XT® (3M Unitek), ceramic brackets were bonded to the tooth enamel with Transbond XT® resin (3M Unitek) using 4 different photoactivation protocols according to the factors "photoactivated faces" (center/vestibular; mesial/distal and cervical/incisal) and "photoactivation time" (3 or 6 seconds). The shear test (100KgF, 1mm/min) was performed after storage of the samples for 4 months (distilled water, 37°C). Using the same photoactivation protocols, 80 resin discs (0,1 mm thick and 5 mm diameter, on average) were made for DC analysis. The SBS (MPa) and DC (%) data will be evaluated descriptively and through Student's T-test, two-way ANOVA and the Tukey test. The union failures will be classified according to the Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI), analyzed descriptively and through the Kruskal-Wallis test.
4	LETICIA VIRGINIA DE FREITAS CHAVES PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATIONS OF SELF-ETCHING AND SELF-ADHESIVE EXPERIMENTAL CALCIUM-BASED CEMENTS Advisor : BONIEK CASTILLO DUTRA BORGES COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ALEX JOSE SOUZA DOS SANTOS BONIEK CASTILLO DUTRA BORGES CONCEIÇÃO APARECIDA DORNELAS MONTEIRO MAIA ISAUREMI VIEIRA DE ASSUNCAO REINALDO DIAS DA SILVA NETO Data: Apr 28, 2021 Show Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the Degree of Conversion (DC), Calcium Release (CR), Flexural Strength (FS), Elastic Modulus (ME), Viscosity (VS) and Bond Strength (BS)of experimentally calcium based cements self-etching and self-adhesive. Three experimental cements: A (CONTROL), B (HYDROCAL), C (CLORECAL) were synthesized and evaluated together with a commercial cement D (ULTRAPLUS) (Ultra-Blend Plus®- South Jordan, Utah, USA). For the DC (n = 3), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used. In determining the CR, samples (1.0mmx0.4mm) were used (n = 3) and reading through an atomic absorption spectrophotometer at 3, 24 and 72 hours. For FS/EM (n = 6), bar-shaped samples (7mmx2mmx1mm) were made and evaluated using a universal testing machine. For VS (n = 30), the variation in the strain rate was determined by a rotational concentric cylinder rheometer. For the BS, cylindrical samples fixed in bovine dentin (n = 10) were used. The shear bond strength test was carried out on a testing machine with a 50 N load cell, pulling the tooth/cement interface at a constant speed of 1 mm/min until the displacement occured. The RU was higher for experimental cements compared to commercial cement, while the GC was higher for A and B. The ME was higher for experimental cements, and the viscosity higher for cements containing calcium sources. Therefore, self-etching and self-adhesive cements containing calcium chloride may have satisfactory physical and chemical performance.
5	DÉBORA MICHELLE GONÇALVES DE AMORIM DENTIN BONDING DURABILITY AND CALCIUM RELEASE PROMOTED BY EXPERIMENTAL ADHESIVE SYSTEMS CONTAINING CALCIUM HYDROXIDE Advisor : BONIEK CASTILLO DUTRA BORGES COMMITTEE MEMBERS : RENALLY BEZERRA WANDERLEY E LIMA BONIEK CASTILLO DUTRA BORGES CONCEIÇÃO APARECIDA DORNELAS MONTEIRO MAIA DIANA FERREIRA GADELHA DE ARAUJO ISAUREMI VIEIRA DE ASSUNCAO Data: Jun 25, 2021 Show Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the impact of adding different levels of calcium hydroxide on the durability of bonding to dentin and the release of calcium from experimental self-etch adhesives systems. Methods: Four adhesives systems were formulated from the components UDMA, HEMA, GDMA-P, TPO, diphenyl iodonium, ethanol and water with different mass fractions of calcium hydroxide: 0% (control), 1%, 2% and 4 %. For the calcium release test, disks (5 mm in diameter x 1 mm in thickness) were made (n = 4) and immersed in distilled water. Calcium concentration was measured after 3h, 24h, 48h, 72h, 96h, 120h, 144h and 168h using a spectrophotometer. To analyze the durability of the dentin bond, 24 third molars (n = 6) were used. The middle third dentin was exposed, the adhesive systems were competent and 2 increments of composite resin and photoactivated. After 24 h of immersion in distilled water, the toothpicks were cut. Half of them were submitted to the bond strength test by micro traction in a universal testing machine (OM-150) and the other half stored in distilled water for 12 months for subsequent assessment of the bond strength. The bond strength data were statistically obtained through the ANOVA 2-factor tests and Tukey's post-test (p <0.05). The eluate pH was analyzed descriptively. In the bond strength test, there were statistically significant differences between storage times (p = 0.001). Only the material containing 2% of calcium highlighted a statistically significant increase in bond strength after 12 months of storage in water. The others maintained statistically similar values between storage times. All adhesive systems released calcium amounts below 1 ppm. Therefore, the inclusion of 2% calcium hydroxide in self-etching adhesive systems is an alternative to increase the longevity of the dentin bond.
6	ANGÉLICA KERCYA PEREIRA DE MENDONÇA ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIBIOFILM POTENTIAL OF THE HYDROETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF THE MOMBIN L SPONDIAS LEAF AND ITS FRACTIONS AGAINST SUPERINFECTANT MICROORGANISMS OF THE ORAL ENVIRONMENT Advisor : RUTHINEIA DIOGENES ALVES UCHOA LINS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : EDJA MARIA MELO DE BRITO COSTA ERICKA JANINE DANTAS DA SILVEIRA FABIO ROBERTO DAMETTO PEDRO HENRIQUE SETTE DE SOUZA RUTHINEIA DIOGENES ALVES UCHOA LINS Data: Jun 28, 2021 Show Abstract The chemical control of oral biofilm acts as an auxiliary method of mechanical control for the maintenance and/or restoration of oral health, also acting on other microorganisms that are not local residents of the oral microbiota. In this context, the literature already reports that many superinfecting microorganisms can be present in the oral biofilm and thus contribute to the occurrence of more serious systemic infections. Therefore, herbal medicines have demonstrated a wide variety of biological activities, especially antimicrobial activity. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial and antibiofilm action of the hydroethanolic extract of Spondias mombin L. and its fractions of phenolic acids, flavonoids and tannins against superinfecting microorganisms (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli). For this, the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration by the disk-diffusion technique and by the microdilution technique in microplates, the Antibiofilm Effect of the fractions under the formation of biofilm and in preformed biofilms (monospecies and multispecies), the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Adherence and Bactericidal Kinetics of the extracts mentioned, using as control 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate, in triplicate. The results showed that the hydroethanolic extract exhibited superior antimicrobial and antibiofilm effect when compared to the action of its fractions. Comparing the control group with the action of the hydroethanolic extract, similar results were observed between them. Thus, it is possible to conclude that the hydroethanolic extract has antimicrobial and antibiofilm action similar to 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate and superior to the studied fractions.
7	EMANUELLE LOUYDE FERREIRA DE LIMA ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY AND ANTIBIOFILM POTENTIAL OF SPONDIAS MOMBIN L. HYDROETHANOLIC EXTRACT AND ITS FRACTIONS AGAINST YEASTS OF THE GENUS CANDIDA Advisor : RUTHINEIA DIOGENES ALVES UCHOA LINS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : EDJA MARIA MELO DE BRITO COSTA ERICKA JANINE DANTAS DA SILVEIRA FABIO ROBERTO DAMETTO PEDRO HENRIQUE SETTE DE SOUZA RUTHINEIA DIOGENES ALVES UCHOA LINS Data: Jun 28, 2021 Show Abstract The antimicrobial action of the hydroethanolic extract of Spondias mombin L. is already known in the literature against several microorganisms, including when placed against Candida genus fungi. In addition to the antifungal activity, it is essential to investigate the antibiofilm activity of substances, since these fungi can accumulate and become part of the biofilm present in the oral cavity of individuals, causing local and systemic problems, with clinical relevance. Knowing this, this study aimed to investigate the antifungal and antibiofilm action of the hydroethanolic extract (EH) of Spondias mombin L. and its fractions, against fungi of the genus Candida, of clinical importance. For this, the minimum inhibitory concentration tests were carried out using disks and the microdilution technique in microplates, minimum inhibitory concentration of adhesion, determination of the fungal death curve and antibiofilm activity of the fractions of phenolic acids, flavonoids and tannin, against the fungi Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida Krusei and Candida Glabrata, using nystatin (100,000 IU) as a positive control, in triplicate. It was seen that the antifungal and antibiofilm activity of EH and its analyzed fractions present satisfactory results, however, when we compare the fractions with EH, the latter presented better activity and when we draw the comparison between the antifungal and antibiofilm action of the tested substances and the control group, we had better results than the control group against the tested fungi. Thus, it was possible to conclude that the hydroethanolic extract with all its compounds together present superior results of antifungal and antibiofilm activity compared to the fractions of this extract tested separately and that this extract had very similar results to the control group.Palavras-chave: Anacardiaceae; Fitoterapia; Candidíase Bucal.
8	GLEYSSON MATIAS DE ASSIS CLINICAL EVALUATION OF THE USE OF ANTIBIOTICS IN SURGERY FOR DENTAL IMPLANT INSTALLATION: A RANDOMIZED, TRIPLE BLIND AND CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL Advisor : ADRIANO ROCHA GERMANO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ADRIANO ROCHA GERMANO FABIO ANDREY DA COSTA ARAUJO JOSE SANDRO PEREIRA DA SILVA RODRYGO NUNES TAVARES WAGNER RANIER MACIEL DANTAS Data: Jun 29, 2021 Show Abstract Objective: To clinically evaluate 3 antibiotic prophylaxis regimens in patients undergoing two-stage dental implant placement in a controlled, randomized, triple-blind clinical trial for pain, infection and loss of implants. Materials and methods: A total of 61 patients received 115 dental implants. Data collection was performed by a calibrated and blinded examiner in the following postoperative follow-up periods: T1 (7 days), T2 (14 days), T3 (30 days) and T4 (120 days). Randomization was performed using the random function of Microsoft Excel® (2013), which randomly divided the groups and patients were allocated according to the list generated by the program. The research subjects were divided into 3 groups: group 1 (G1) formed by patients 21 who did not use antibiotic prophylaxis, group 2 (G2) formed by 20 patients who used preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis with 1 g of amoxicillin. oral 1 hour before the procedure and group 3 (G3), with 20 patients who used preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis with amoxicillin 1g orally 1 hour before the procedure and antibiotic maintenance, with 500 mg of amoxicillin for 05 days every 08 hours. The variable pain was analyzed using a visual analogue scale - VAS and the number of analgesics ingested. Infection was considered when in the presence of pus and fistula. In addition, at time T4, the implant was reopened to assess the success of primary osseointegration, considering the absence of mobility and pain when changing the cover screw by the healers. Pain (VAS and number of analgesics) was analyzed with the Kruskall Wallis and the post-test (Post hoc by Dunn). Infection was analyzed using Fisher's exact test and failure descriptively. The level of significance was set at 5%, with a 95% confidence interval. Results: The analysis of postoperative pain showed better results in the groups that used antibiotics (G2 and G3) in the T1 follow-up (7 days), with patients feeling less pain (Kruskall-Wallis test p < 0.05). The evaluation between groups G2 and G3 also showed differences (Post hoc of Dunn-p < 0.05) with superiority for G3. In the other periods there were no significant differences. Infection was present in groups G1 (2 cases) and G3 (2 cases), but there was no statistical difference between the groups (Fisher's exact test - p > 0.05) with evolution to loss (failure) of two implants, one in the G1 group and another in the G3 group. Conclusions: This study showed better results regarding pain in patients who used prophylactic antibiotics, but failed to demonstrate superiority in terms of infection and implant loss when compared to the group without antibiotics. Thus, based on the results of the present study, considering a maximum number of 4 implants per procedure in an ungrafted area, in healthy patients, without additional procedures, the use of antibiotics, although improving pain in the immediate postoperative period, did not show any benefit in relationship to decrease the infection and failure rates of the implants.
9	MARIA ANTONIA RÊGO DE FREITAS EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF DENTISTRY PROFESSIONALS IN RELATION TO COVID-19 DURING THE PANDEMIC IN THE STATE FROM RIO GRANDE DO NORTE Advisor : ADRIANO ROCHA GERMANO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ADRIANO ROCHA GERMANO ALEXANDRE SIMÕES NOGUEIRA ERICKA JANINE DANTAS DA SILVEIRA FÁTIMA RONEIVA ALVES FONSECA JOÃO NILTON LOPES DE SOUSA Data: Jun 30, 2021 Show Abstract This study aimed to draw an epidemiological profile of dentistry professionals in the State of Rio Grande do Norte (RN), in relation to COVID-19 infection during the pandemic. A virtual census was made available to dentists (CD), dental hygiene technicians (THD) and dental assistants (ACD), with active enrollment in the Regional Board of Dentistry of RN. An electronic questionnaire (Google form) was used as a data collection instrument, sent through the official email of the CRO-RN, message transmission list of the WhatsApp application, by SMS-type messages and posted on social networks of the entity. Data collection referred to the period from February 2020 to March 2021. A total of 567 professionals answered the questionnaire with an average age of 36.67 years (SD=9.56). In the sample, 515 were CD and 52 were THD/ACD, having presented an index of contamination by COVID-19 in this period of 25.74% of the sample. Contamination was higher in the ACD/THD group with 37% and lower in the CD with 25%. Considering only the professionals who believe that the contamination occurred due to their work activity, the values reach 10.1%, practically twice as much as the population in Brazil and in the state of RN that was contaminated in the same period of collection. In the search for significant associations between professional performance and workplace with positive tests for COVID-19, it was observed that working in the high west region (p=0.011) was a risk factor, as well as not being satisfied with the training (p=0.0001) and have few years of graduation (p=0.015). Significant associations were also noted between clinical characteristics and positive tests for COVID-19. Being younger (p=0.005) and single (p=0.040) are associated with testing more positively. Regarding the impact on income, there was a significant association with place of work, with the private sector being most affected (p<0.0001); with training, most affected dentists (p<0.0001), with downtime, 1-3 months the most affected (p<0.0001). Assessing time without working, a significant association with private work was observed, with a higher frequency of professionals who responded that they returned to work with less than 3 months (p<0.001). Therefore, COVID-19 in the period analyzed had an impact on the dental profession, with significant financial repercussions and its contamination rates were more related to less scientific training in the profession, whether for dentists without postgraduate courses as well as for ACD /THD. The age factor also showed that contamination occurred with more relevance, however it was not possible to confirm whether this association is directly related to professional performance. From a strategic point of view, the lack of PPE, especially PFF2 masks, disposable aprons and training, proved to be a risk factor for the contamination of these professionals, being an important tool in prevention.
10	EVELYNN CRHISTYANN MEDEIROS DUARTE FORMULATION, PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF ENDODONTIC BIOACTIVE CEMENTS Advisor : FABIO ROBERTO DAMETTO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : LUÍS GERALDO VAZ FABIO ROBERTO DAMETTO LETICIA MARIA MENEZES NOBREGA MARCILIO DIAS CHAVES DE OLIVEIRA REINALDO DIAS DA SILVA NETO Data: Aug 27, 2021 Show Abstract Endodontic bioactive cements have clinical practices due to their biological properties, such as bioactivity; high sealing capacity; antimicrobial action; release of calcium ions, in addition to not presenting an inflammatory response or being well reduced. Based on benefits, this study aimed to develop and characterize low-cost, antimicrobially effective endodontic repairing bioactive cements for use in endodontics. For this, some formulations containing fine cements, ground slag and cellulose were prepared. These cements were compared with Angelus® repair white MTA. It is then divided into four groups: Group 1 (gray fine cement with gray ground slag - MZVI and cellulose); Group 2 (white gray cement, white ground slag - MPW and cellulose); Group 3 (white fine cement and cellulose) and Group 4 (white MTA, Angelus - positive control). The aids of each group were submitted to X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TG), Derived Thermogravimetry (DTG), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Potential Hydrogeniometry (pH), Picn, Infrared Spectroscopy with Fourier Transform (FTIR) and antibacterial potential against Enterococcus faecalis through the agar diffusion test. Statistical tests were performed using SPSS. Differences between groups were verified using the ANOVA test with Tukey's post hoc, descriptive statistics and graphical analyses. After evaluating the data, it is possible to observe, mainly, the presence of calcium hydroxide, dicalcium silicate, tricalcium silicate, tricalcium aluminate and calcium carbonate. In addition, the additional cements with alkaline pH, positive antimicrobial action against Enterococcus faecalis and in the SEM analysis it was possible to observe particles of irregular dimensions with a heterogeneous distribution in the polymer matrix, contrasting with a homogeneity presented by MTA. However, in the other characteristics, the dissipative cements, in general, have a great similarity with the white MTA from Angelus. With greater emphasis on group 2, which came closest to this control. It is concluded that it is possible to formulate MTA reusing slag, maintaining its physicochemical and antimicrobial properties.
11	MARIA DO CARMO PESSOA NOGUEIRA SERRÃO ANALYSIS OF PREDICTORS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ORAL CHANGES IN PATIENTS WITH COVID-19. Advisor : PATRICIA TEIXEIRA DE OLIVEIRA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ANTONIO ADILSON SOARES DE LIMA EMELINE DAS NEVES DE ARAUJO LIMA ERICKA JANINE DANTAS DA SILVEIRA PATRICIA TEIXEIRA DE OLIVEIRA YAN NOGUEIRA LEITE DE FREITAS Data: Sep 15, 2021 Show Abstract An outbreak of a new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) was identified in Wuhan Province, China in late 2019. SARS-CoV-2, spreads through infected droplets in a person's respiratory system, and causes a respiratory disease called Covid-19 (Coronavirus Disease, 2019). Its clinical behaviour, which in some patients manifests with mild or moderate symptoms, and in others with the development of an important respiratory infection, has instigated many studies. Although risk factors such as age, sex and comorbidities have been highlighted as one of the risk factors that increase morbidity and mortality due to Covid-19, there are still patients without these factors that progress to serious conditions. The oral cavity has been identified as one of the gateways for SARS-CoV-2, and its possible role as an aggravating factor in the infectivity and progression of the viral infection and has been controversial. A retrospective cohort study was carried out with data obtained from 274 medical records of patients with COVID-19 on admission, with seven days and with 14 days to analyse the occurrence of oral alterations and relate them to the severity of the infection. A total of 154 patients with oral alterations and 120 without alterations were found. Of the 154 patients who presented oral changes on admission, 39 achieved remission within 7 days, 54 patients achieved remission within 14 days, and 61 maintained oral changes until the end of the study. Of the 120 patients who did not present oral changes on admission, only 2 developed oral changes within 7 days and these died. The most frequent oral alteration was ulcer in the three collection times (T0: 43.8%, T1: 33.6% and T2: 21.2%). The most prevalent altered biochemical analyses among patients were red blood cells, platelets, leukocytes, bleeding time, TGP, TGO, albumin, creatinine, CRP, urea, d-dimer and leukocyte-lymphocyte ratio. The chi-squared significance found for the occurrence of oral lesions on admission was not being diabetic and not taking medication for the digestive system. For the period of 7 and 14 days, it was observed that the patient was not diabetic, did not take medication for the digestive tract, did not die and was not transferred to the ICU. For the period of 14 days, it was detected that the patient who did not develop an oral lesion had a normal BMI, was not cardiac and was not taking medication for the cardiovascular system. Cox's multivariate analysis revealed that he did not use medication for the digestive system and metabolism (HR: 2.18; 95%CI: 1.13-4.22) and did not present systemic arterial hypertension (HR: 1.78; 95%CI %: 1.13-2.79) are prognostic factors for remission of oral changes in patients with COVID-19.
12	DAVI NETO DE ARAÚJO SILVA ANTI-HYPERGLYCEMIANT, ANTI-BONE LOSS AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECTIVENESS OF PROBIOTIC LACTOBACILLUS RHAMNOSUS EM1107 IN AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF PERIODONTITIS ASSOCIATED WITH DIABETES. Advisor : ANA RAFAELA LUZ DE AQUINO MARTINS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ANA RAFAELA LUZ DE AQUINO MARTINS BEATRIZ DE BRITO BEZERRA EULER MACIEL DANTAS Flavia Queiroz de Moraes Pirih RUTHINEIA DIOGENES ALVES UCHOA LINS Data: Sep 24, 2021 Show Abstract Periodontal disease (PD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) have a well-established bidirectional relationship as they share similar chronic inflammatory mechanisms. Due to its microbial and immunological effects, probiotic therapy has been suggested as an adjuvant to non-surgical periodontal treatment. Considering metformin (MET) as the standard drug for the treatment of diabetes, the aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-hyperglycemic, anti-bone loss and anti-inflammatory efficacy of the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus EM1107 in an experimental model of ligature-induced periodontitis in diabetic rats treated with metformin. This pre-clinical, in vivo, randomized, blinded and controlled trial consisted of 114 male Wistar rats randomly divided into six groups of 19 animals each: control, ligation, ligation/DM, ligation/Prob, ligation/DM/Prob and ligation /DM/Prob/Met. For 30 days the animals received a probiotic via oral gavage. DM was induced on the 14th day of the experiment with injection of Streptozotocin (STZ) into the penile vein, followed by ligation for PD induction and MET gavage on the 19th day, and euthanasia on the 30th day. An extremely significant reduction in serum glucose was observed in both the Prob and Metformin groups (p<0.001) by biochemical analysis. Microtomographic analysis (μCT) in the maxilla showed that diabetic animals treated with probiotic and metformin had significantly lower linear and volumetric bone loss than those that had no treatment at all. By histomorphological analysis (HE), all groups that received probiotics had a reduction in inflammatory infiltrate, in addition to preservation of cementum and alveolar bone. The TRAP analysis revealed that the Ligature/DM/Prob/Met group had the greatest reduction in osteoclast count (p<0.01). There was a significant reduction in IL-1β and TNF-α in the Ligature/Prob (p<0.05) and Ligature/DM/Prob (p<0.01) groups by means of the ELISA assay in gingival tissue. Our findings suggest the anti-hyperglycemic, anti-bone loss and anti-inflammatory efficacy of the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus EM1107 administered either alone or in association with Metformin in DM with PD.
13	RAFAELA ALBUQUERQUE MELO Evaluation of conservative treatments for temporomandibular disorders in pain, quality of life, depressive symptoms and anxiety: a randomized clinical trial Advisor : ERIKA OLIVEIRA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ERIKA OLIVEIRA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS FABIO ROBERTO DAMETTO LAERCIO ALMEIDA DE MELO EDUARDO JOSÉ GUERRA SEABRA KARINA HELGA TURCIO DE CARVALHO Data: Nov 4, 2021 Show Abstract Introduction: temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is understood as a set of clinical problems involving the masticatory muscles, the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and associated structures, with several forms of conservative treatments. Objective: to evaluate the influence of conservative treatments craniopuncture, laser acupuncture therapy, occlusal plaque, counseling and manual therapy on pain, anxiety and depression symptoms and quality of life in patients with TMD. Material and methods: diagnosed through the Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (DC/TMD), eighty five (85) patients with TMD were randomly divided into five treatment groups: laser acupuncture therapy (LA) (n=15), craniopuncture (CR) (n=15), occlusal plaque (PO) (n=19), counseling (AC) (n=16) and manual therapy (TM) (n=20). Thus, they were evaluated before starting therapy, after one month and three months of treatment using the DC/TMD and regarding anxiety, depression, quality of life and pain, using the questionnaires, Beck's Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI), World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL), Impact of Oral Health on Quality of Life (OHIP-14) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The data obtained were analyzed by SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Science) 22.0 with the Friedman test between times and Wilcoxon post-test, as well as the Kruskal Wallis test between groups with Mann Whitney post-test. Results: It has been observed a statistically significant difference between the groups in the assessment of pain by the VAS at one month (p=0,001) and three months of treatment (p=0,005), in the assessment of anxiety symptoms by the BAI one month after the therapy (p=0,000), on the impact of oral health on quality of life by OHIP-14 with three months of treatment (p=0,008), with more favorable results for the groups treated with PO and TM. It has been noticed a significant improvement over time in pain by VAS for PO (p=0,003), AC (p=0,003), CR (p=0,032) and TM (p=0,000); in anxiety symptoms by BAI for PO (p=0,003); in the depressive symptoms by BDI for PO (p=0,024), AC (p=0,022) and TM (p=0,006); on quality of life by WHOQOL-general for TM (p=0,004) and on the impact of oral health on quality of life by OHIP-14 for PO (p=0,001), AC (p=0,015) and TM (p=0,001). Conclusion: in general, PO and MT stood out in relation to the other groups in most parameters, but all groups improved over time in some parameter evaluated, except for LA. Therefore, the use of the evaluated conservative therapies is recommended, except for LA, in the treatment of TMD.
14	RAYANNE KARINA SILVA CRUZ Efficacy of Implantoplasty Adjuvant to Mechanic Debridement in the Surgical Treatment of Periimplantitis. Advisor : BRUNO CESAR DE VASCONCELOS GURGEL COMMITTEE MEMBERS : BRUNO CESAR DE VASCONCELOS GURGEL EULER MACIEL DANTAS FERNANDO JOSE DE OLIVEIRA NOBREGA RUTHINEIA DIOGENES ALVES UCHOA LINS SUZANA PERES PIMENTEL Data: Dec 13, 2021 Show Abstract Surgical therapy has been identified as the most appropriate strategy for the treatment of peri-implantitis, combining concepts of non-surgical therapy with ressective and/or regenerative procedures. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of adding implantoplasty to the surgical mechanical debridement technique used in the treatment of peri-implantitis. This is a prospective, controlled, randomized, double-blind clinical trial. 13 participants with 33 implants were randomly allocated into two groups: surgical access + mechanical debridement (control-I group) and surgical access + mechanical debridement + implantoplasty (test-II group). The primary outcomes were assessed at baseline and at 3 months: Plaque Index -PI, Gingival Bleeding Index -GBI, Probing Depth -PD, Bleeding on Probing -BoP, and Keratinized Mucosal Band -MK. Quality of life was evaluated by the Oral Health Impact Profile -OHIP14 and oxidative stress markers by salivary samples. The results showed that 69.2% were women, with an average age of 60.6 years. Of the 32 implants, 16 received therapy I and 16 received therapy II. Of all rehabilitations, 53.8% were total and 30.8% were partial, with the rest being single. The Mann-Whitney test showed that the values of PI and GBI in group II were higher than in group I at 3 months, but they were not significant (p=0,193; p=0,419). The BoP was higher in I group (50%) than in II group (41.6%) at 3 months, however, without significance (p=0,759). At 3 months, all parameters - except BoP in II group - decreased in value, being significant for PI in I group (p=0,038), GBI in I and II groups (p=0,011 and p=0,015) and PD in II group (p=0,041). Split-Plot ANOVA showed no interaction between time and treatment. The OHIP14 showed that at baseline there was a predominance of “Physical pain”, “Psychological discomfort” and “Physical disability”, while at 3 months there was an improvement in the evaluated items. Salivary analysis showed that there was a reduction in the levels of oxidative stress markers after treatment, being significant for superoxide dismutase (Z=-2,701; p=0,007). Conclusion: there is insufficient evidence that the addition of implantoplasty improves clinical parameters in the surgical treatment of peri-implantitis at 3 months, in relation to mechanical debridement alone.
15	RAISSA DE OLIVEIRA AFONSO EFFECT OF ANTIMICROBIAL PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY AS AN ADJUVANT IN NON-SURGICAL TREATMENT OF STAGE III – IV GRADE C PERIODONTITIS Advisor : BRUNO CESAR DE VASCONCELOS GURGEL COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ÂNGELA GUIMARÃES MARTINS ADRIANA CORREA DE QUEIROZ ANA RAFAELA LUZ DE AQUINO MARTINS BRUNO CESAR DE VASCONCELOS GURGEL RENATO CORRÊA VIANA CASARIN Data: Dec 28, 2021 Show Abstract Stage III – IV grade C periodontitis in young patients has a more destructive character of periodontal support tissues and has impact on loss of teeth, masticatory function and worse response to treatment. The Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) has become as a promising alternative, adjuvant to Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy (NSPT) of this disease. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of adjunctive PDT on the non-surgical treatment of stage III – IV, grade C Periodontitis, through the analysis of periodontal clinical parameters (Visible Plaque Index (VPI), Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI), Bleeding on Probing (BP), Pocket Probing Depth (PPD), Gingival Recession (GR), Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) and Tooth Mobility (Mob)) as well as to assess their impact on quality of life (QoL) of the patients through Oral health-related quality of life(OHRQoL) questionnaire. METHODOLOGY: Twenty-one subjects particpated in this controlled randomized, double-blind trial, in a split-mouth design divided into quadrants. All the patients were treated with oral hygiene guidance, scaling and root planing through Full Mouth Disinfection(FMD) and systemic anbiotics. The four quadrants were randomly assigned to the following treatment groups: group (FMD), group 2 (FMD + PDT in a single session), group 3 (FMD + PDT in four sessions), and group 4 (FMD + laser therapy with infrared light in four sessions). Assessments were made at baseline and an average of 6 months after treatment. RESULTS: There was an improvement in clinical parameters with significant reduction of PPD, CAL and BoP for all therapies as well as Mob for FMD, FMD + PDT 1 session and FMD + PDT in 4 sessions groups. Stratification of the baseline pockets in PPD = 5mm and PPD ≥ 6mm showed that, for PPD ≥ 6mm, FMD + PDT in 4 sessions had a greater reduction of PPD (p = 0.005) and CAL (p = 0.001) in relation to FMD group). Regarding QoL analysis, there was a significant increase in the OHRQoL (p = 0.001) and in the physical (p < 001), social (p = 0.027) and psychological (p = 0.005) domains after treatment. CONCLUSION: FMD therapy associated with systemic antibiotic therapy, with or without addition of PDT, showed significant improvement of the clinical periodontal parameters and, in deeper pockets, PDT in 4 sessions showed better results. Furthermore, stage III - IV grade C Periodontitis reflected negatively on the QoL perception, however, NSPT had a positive impact on it.
16	ARIANE SALGADO GONZAGA MECHANICAL, THERMODYNAMIC AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CuNiTi WIRE – A CLINICAL AND LABORATORY COMPARATIVE STUDY Advisor : SERGEI GODEIRO FERNANDES RABELO CALDAS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ALEXANDRE ANTONIO RIBEIRO ARTHUR CESAR DE MEDEIROS ALVES CLÁUDIA TRINDADE MATTOS HELDER BALDI JACOB SERGEI GODEIRO FERNANDES RABELO CALDAS Data: Dec 29, 2021 Show Abstract Introduction: Copper Ni-Ti wires (CuNiTi) have specific indications for clinical use, remaining in the oral environment for a long period. For this reason, their mechanical, thermodynamic and structural characteristics must be preserved throughout the period of use of these materials. Objectives: To investigate whether there are changes in the mechanical, thermodynamic, structure and surface chemical composition of CuNiTi 35°C wires subjected to in vivo aging (clinical use) and in vitro (thermocycling), highlighting the possible differences between the aging methods. Material and Methods: The total sample was obtained from 30 pre-contoured Ormco® 0.016 thermodynamic archwires with copper addition and austenitic final temperature (Af) of 35°C. The analysis of these archwires resulted in two articles. For the clinical experiment, 10 units of wires were installed in 05 patients and remained in the oral environment for 30, 60 and 90 days, and 05 wires were analyzed as received. At each period, a complete hemiarch plus 1/3 of the right lower hemiarch was removed for analysis. For the in vitro experiment, the 15 remaining wires underwent thermocycling to simulate the aging of the oral environment for 30 (600 cycles), 60 (1200 cycles) and 90 days (1800 cycles) with a temperature range between 5°C and 55°C, with 90 second baths at each temperature, and 15 second transition between baths. After each in vivo and in vitro aging period, the wires underwent to a standardization test of their dimensions, by defining the diameters with a caliper, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fluorescent X-Ray Spectrometry (FRX), tests of Uniaxial traction and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) test. Results: In chapter 1, the comparison between CR and aged wires revealed that there was no significant difference between the sample diameters, the forces obtained or even the temperatures Af, regardless the time spent in the mouth. Predominantly Ni, Ti, Cu and Al were found in the samples, in addition to other chemical elements in different concentrations. In chapter 2 there was no significant difference between the diameters of the samples, the forces obtained or even the temperatures Af between the samples, regardless of time or aging method. Conclusion: The comparison of the laboratoral analyzes of the archwires aged in vivo and in vitro showed that the mechanical, thermodynamic and the surface chemical characteristics were stable, even up to 90 days of clinical use or 1800 thermocycling cycles. The in vitro aging method is a viable alternative for the analysis of these parameters, replacing the in vivo methods.

2020

	Dissertations
1	FERNANDA ARAGÃO FELIX ANALYSIS OF THE IMMUNOEXPRESSION OF DNA REPAIR PROTEINS IN MALIGNANT SALIVARY GLAND TUMORS Advisor : CARLOS AUGUSTO GALVAO BARBOZA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : CARLOS AUGUSTO GALVAO BARBOZA JAMILE MARINHO BEZERRA DE OLIVEIRA MOURA LELIA BATISTA DE SOUZA Data: Feb 18, 2020 Show Abstract Malignant salivary gland tumors (MSGT) are rare, heterogeneous lesions with a variable prognosis. Mammalian cells are subject to thousands of spontaneous changes in the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecule. The apuric or apyrimidic endonuclease protein 1 (APE1) and the X-ray crossover complementation protein 1 (XRCC1) are two important components of the base excision repair pathway (BER), and the complementation factor protein F of the xeroderma pigmentosum (XPF), the nucleotide excision repair pathway (NER). This study analyzed the immunohistochemical expression of APE1 and XRCC1 proteins of the BER pathway, and XPF of the NER pathway, in a sample of primary tumors of acinar cell carcinoma (ACC), polymorphic adenocarcinoma (PAC), adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC) and mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC). A total of 62 MSGT were included, corresponding to 14 ACC, 15 PAC, 16 AdCC, and 17 MEC. The tissue sections were subjected to immunohistochemistry for APE1, XRCC1 and XPF. The cells of the tumor parenchyma were quantitatively evaluated, using photomicrographs of 5 fields (in 400x magnification), by a single evaluator. Immunoreactive cells were those with brownish color in the nucleus, regardless of intensity. Immunomarked and negative cells were counted in the 5 fields, establishing the percentage of positive cells in relation to the total number of cells counted. In addition, it was established whether the nucleus or nucleus/cytoplasm ratio, inferring whether the location was predominantly uni or bicompartmental. Statistical tests included Fisher's exact, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, Spearman's correlation, as well as the log-rank for comparison of the overall survival built through Kaplan-Meier method. Significance was set at p<0.05. All selected MSGT scored for APE1, XRCC1 and XPF. There was no difference between the expression of APE1 and XPF among the studied tumors. For XRCC1, however, there was a significant difference between PAC and MEC (p=0.032). Nuclear labeling of APE1 was statistically higher in the selected MSGT (p<0.0001). There was a statistical relationship between APE1 and T1-T2 tumors in the AdCC (p=0.006), as well as an increase in XPF in patients with MEC over 60 years (p=0.015) and AdCC in a minor salivary gland (p=0.012), although reduced in patients treated with surgery associated with adjuvant therapy in ACC and AdCC (p=0.036 and p=0.020, respectively). The low expression of XRCC1 (p=0.028) or the expression of concomitant XRCC1 in the nucleus and cytoplasm (p=0.017) were associated with a lower overall 5-year survival rate. Finally, the Spearman correlation test demonstrated a positive correlation between APE and XRCC1 in all MSGT analyzed, although the correlation among the three proteins (APE1, XRCC1 and XPF) was observed only in AdCC and MEC (p<0.05). This study demonstrated high expression of the repair proteins APE1, XRCC1 and XPF in ACC, PAC, AdCC, and MEC, which may suggest regulatory activity of these proteins in MSGT.
2	CARLA SAMILY DE OLIVEIRA COSTA Immunohistochemical study of proteins of plasminogen activator system in benign epithelial odontogenic lesions Advisor : LEAO PEREIRA PINTO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : HELLEN BANDEIRA DE PONTES SANTOS LEAO PEREIRA PINTO ROSEANA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS Data: Feb 18, 2020 Show Abstract Background: Odontogenic cysts and tumors are lesions originated from odontogenic tissues and exhibit different biological behaviors. Among the various elements that may be associated with cystic and tumor growth are the enzymes required for extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation. The plasminogen activator system (PAS) is responsible for regulating ECM remodeling by converting plasminogen to plasmin. In addition, several studies have suggested associations between PAS and other factors in the evolution of malignant neoplasms, such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition, proliferation, migration, cell adhesion, and metastatic dissemination. However, just a few studies have evaluated the influence of PAS on odontogenic lesions. Aim: To evaluate possible correlations between the immunoexpression of PAS proteins (uPA, uPAR and PAI-1) in ameloblastomas (AMBs) and odontogenic keratocysts (OKs), comparing with dental follicles (DFs). Materials and methods: Odontogenic epithelial cells were analyzed, in a semi-quantitative way, using photomicrographs of 5 representative fields of each case, with 400x magnification, with scores ranging from 0 to 4 according to the percentage of positive cells. After the analysis of 5 fields, the median of the scores was obtained, generating the immunostaining score of the case. The data were submitted to statistical analysis using Kruskal-Wallis (KW) and Mann-Whitney (U) tests and Spearman’s correlation (r), with significance level set at 5% (p<0.05). Results: For uPA, the immunoexpression was significantly lower in AMBs, when compared to OKs (p=0.001) and DFs (p=0.029). While, uPAR immunostaining in AMBs was significantly higher compared to OKs (p <0.001). There were no significant differences in PAI-1 immunoexpression between the groups studied (p = 0.775). There were also no statistically significant correlations between the evaluated proteins (p> 0.05). Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that uPA is involved in cystic growth of OKs, while uPAR participates in tumorigenesis process of AMBs. Despite the important biological functions performed by PAI-1, this protein may not directly contribute to the pathogenesis of AMBs and OKs.
3	GUSTAVO ALCÂNTARA DA TRINDADE Immunohistochemical analysis of protein aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 in benign epitelial dental injuries Advisor : LELIA BATISTA DE SOUZA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : JAMILE MARINHO BEZERRA DE OLIVEIRA MOURA LEAO PEREIRA PINTO LELIA BATISTA DE SOUZA Data: Feb 20, 2020 Show Abstract Odontogenic cysts and tumors are heterogeneous lesions that originate from some remnant of odontogenesis. Among these, the dentigerous cyst (DC), the odontogenic keratocyst (OK), the ameloblastoma (AM) and the adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT) are odontogenic lesions of epithelial origin that present several biological profiles and are the target of constant investigations. Among stem cell markers, the aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) family has been used in studies in several neoplasms and its high expression was associated with some clinical characteristics of these neoplasms. The aim of this study was to analyze the presence, quantity and distribution of tumor stem cells, through the immunohistochemical expression pattern of the ALDH-1 protein in odontogenic cysts and tumors of epithelial origin. The sample consisted of 80 cases (20 DCs, 20 OKs, 20 AMs and 20 AOTs). The evaluation was carried out by a single evaluator at two different times, using the immunoreactivity scoring system, considering the percentage of positive cells, as well as the intensity of the immunostaining, using scores from 0 to 3. The final score was determined by the formula ''Immunoexpression score = intensity × percentage of cells '', being defined as low expression the scores from 0 to 4 and high expression the scores from 6 to 9. Also, the expression of that protein in the stroma was analyzed in tumor and cystic capsule, with 0 = negative and 1 = positive. In all variables, the Kruskal-Wallis (KW) and Mann-Whitney (U) non-parametric tests were performed with a significance level of 5% (p<0.05). The immunoexpression of ALDH-1 showed nucleus-cytoplasmic marking, mainly in the cells of the tumor parenchyma and cystic epithelium. When comparing the lesions, in relation to the medians of the obtained scores and the expression pattern and intensity of immunoexpression of ALDH-1 in the epithelial component of the lesions, a significantly higher expression of ALDH-1 in OKs was demonstrated in comparison to AMs (p<0.0001) and TOAs (p <0.0001). Higher expression of ALDH-1 was observed in DCs compared to AMs (p <0.0001) and TOAs (p <0.0001). When evaluating stroma and cystic capsule, immunoreactivity was observed in all cases of odontogenic cysts studied and in 85% and 90% of AMs and TOAs, respectively. The expression of ALDH-1 in the odontogenic lesions studied suggests the presence of stem cells in them, highlighting the odontogenic cysts that presented higher epithelial expressions compared to tumors.
4	HÉLDER DOMICIANO DANTAS MARTINS RISK FACTORS FOR THE APPEARANCE OF ORAL CHANGES IN PATIENTS IN THE ICU: A COHORT STUDY Advisor : ERICKA JANINE DANTAS DA SILVEIRA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ERICKA JANINE DANTAS DA SILVEIRA ANA RAFAELA LUZ DE AQUINO MARTINS MARIA CECILIA AZEVEDO DE AGUIAR Data: Feb 20, 2020 Show Abstract Introduction: The intensive care unit (ICU) is a sector of the hospital area in which care is provided to patients in critical condition, which generally presents oral changes that affect them in a systemic way. The diagnosis of these changes and the identification of risk factors will contribute to the improvement of health care and the prevention of systemic health problems. Objective: We aim to evaluate the risk factors for the development of oral alterations in patients seen in the Intensive Care Unit. Materials and methods: This is a prospective cohort field study carried out between May and December/2019 with 43 patients in the ICU of the League Against Cancer/RN. The data were collected, after performing an in-lux calibration, by 03 evaluators that included the main outcomes (oral alterations with greater morbidity) and data related to patients (sex, age, length of hospital stay, discharge or death, underlying diseases, condition respiratory and hematological exams). Kappa, Mann Whitney (U), Pearson's Chi-square tests with continuity correction and Fisher's Exact Test were performed. In all tests the value of p = 0.05 was adopted. Results: Among the 43 patients included, 53.5% (n = 23) were female with an average age of 59.8 years (SD ± 17.4). In relation to the groups, the average age of the group that presented oral alterations (66.9 years) was higher than the group without alterations (52.3 years), in addition to longer hospital stay (15.3 days) and higher levels of C-reactive protein. The prevalence of these changes in patients admitted to the ICU was 51.2% (95% CI: 35.6% -66.8%). Among patients with oral changes (n = 22), hyposalivation (n = 9) and tongue coating (n = 9) were the most common. It was observed that male patients (p = 0.02), older than 60 years (p = 0.004) and who use mechanical ventilation (p <0.05) were the risk factors for the development of oral lesions. In addition, the non-parametric U test revealed a statistically significant difference between the groups (presence or absence of changes) in relation to the median age (p <0.01). Conclusions: Age and sex are important risk factors for the development of oral disorders. The use of the orotracheal tube and mechanical ventilation throughout hospitalization should also be considered. In addition, due to the fact that more than 50% of hospitalized patients present changes, it is important to have the DC in full for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of oral problems. From this, the intensive care team, especially the dentist, must be aware of these risk factors so that individual oral care is performed and health is optimized.
5	JOAQUIM FELIPE JUNIOR MORPHOLOGICAL AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL EVALUATION OF EPITELIAL PROLIFERATIVE POTENTIAL OF AGGRESSIVE ODONTOGENIC CYSTIC INJURIES Advisor : HEBEL CAVALCANTI GALVAO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ANTONIO DE LISBOA LOPES COSTA CONCEIÇÃO APARECIDA DORNELAS MONTEIRO MAIA HEBEL CAVALCANTI GALVAO Data: Feb 20, 2020 Show Abstract INTRODUCTION: Odontogenic cysts are known for their growth potential and bone resorption of gnathic bones, ranging from indolent to aggressive, regardless of their histogenesis, linked to the epithelial, ectomesenchymal and / or mesenchymal remnants of odontogenesis. Most of these lesions have controversial pathogenesis, which is why they stimulate numerous investigations on the possible relationship between the odontogenic epithelium and the development of these lesions. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the different patterns of proliferation of odontogenic epithelium in odontogenic cystic lesions with more aggressive behavior, through the analysis of the epidermal growth factor (EGFR) immunoexpression and the SOX 2 transcription pathway in the control of the cell cycle phases (cyclin D1 ) in aggressive odontogenic lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sectional study with a non-probabilistic sample for convenience consisting of 31 cases, 10 cases of recurrent odontogenic keratocysts (COs) isolated, 10 cases of botryoid odontogenic cysts (BOC) and 4 cases of odontogenic cysts glandular (COG). RESULTS: When analyzing statistically with the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests; P <0.05 was considered significant. The highest expression of positive cells for cyclin D1 was observed in the suprabasal layer of odontogenic keratocysts (P <0.001) and in the basal and suprabasal layers of COGs (P <0.001), and portions of COBs (P> 0.001). There was no statistical difference between recurrent and non-recurring COs. In addition, all cases of COs, COBs and COGs were positive for EGFR in all layers of the cystic epithelial lining. COBs and COGs showed negativity for SOX 2 while COs found high expression of SOX 2 in the suprabasal layer. CONCLUSIONS: Cyclin D1 implies cell cycle disorders in G1-S phases, reflecting the aggressiveness of COs and COGs. The overexpression of EGFR demonstrated in COs, COBs and COGs suggests that the combination of cytoplasmic and membranous cytoplasmic is indicative of the proliferation potential of the epithelial lining. The high standard of SOX 2 expression in CO can also explain the aggressive nature of the lesion and are responsible for the presence of numerous child cysts responsible for its high rate of recurrence. The CSC subpopulation presents itself as a reason for recurrence to COs, due to the self-renewal and pluripotency properties of these cells.
6	MAURÍLIA RAQUEL DE SOUTO MEDEIROS USE OF ANTI MICROBIAL PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF ORAL CANDIDOSIS: CLINICAL TRIAL, CONTROLLED AND RANDOMIZED STUDY Advisor : ERICKA JANINE DANTAS DA SILVEIRA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : CARLOS AUGUSTO GALVAO BARBOZA CYNTIA HELENA PEREIRA DE CARVALHO ERICKA JANINE DANTAS DA SILVEIRA Data: Feb 21, 2020 Show Abstract INTRODUCTION: Oral erythematous candidiasis is a common fungal infection in users of complete dentures and patients often exhibit resistance to conventional treatment. New therapies are emerging as alternatives for its treatment, such as antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). AIM: The present study consists of a clinical, controlled and randomized trial conducted by means of a clinical and microbiological analysis in patients diagnosed with oral erythematous candidiasis, who were divided into a control group, treated with oral nystatin suspension, and an intervention group, treated with aPDT sections. METHODS: The present study consists of a clinical, controlled and randomized trial conducted by means of a clinical and microbiological analysis in patients diagnosed with oral erythematous candidiasis, who were divided into a control group, treated with oral nystatin suspension, and an intervention group, treated with aPDT sections. Weekly, patients were reassessed as to the effectiveness of treatment through the application of a clinical index, in addition to microbiological analysis. RESULTS: Of 41 patients analyzed in our research, 5 (12,2%) gave up treatment and 4 (9,8%) were unsuccessful, and 32 (78%) were successful in their treatment. Patients were also analyzed for the degree of the lesion, and it was observed that those of the severe type had more difficulty in presenting remission, while the lesions mild and moderate, all showed regression. Although there was no statistically significant difference between the groups, the control group achieved better results than the intervention group in terms of both treatment success and microbiological analyzes. CONCLUSIONS: aPDT is a promising treatment alternative, as it presents satisfactory results, does not cause changes to oral tissues and its use does not lead to the development of resistance to treatment, so further studies with larger samples are needed to verify its effectiveness.
7	NATÁLIA RODRIGUES SILVA ANALYSIS OF THE IMMUNOEXPRESSION OF IL-17 AND IL-23 IN THYROID DISEASES Advisor : MARCIA CRISTINA DA COSTA MIGUEL COMMITTEE MEMBERS : CARLOS AUGUSTO GALVAO BARBOZA MANUEL ANTONIO GORDON NUNEZ MARCIA CRISTINA DA COSTA MIGUEL Data: Feb 28, 2020 Show Abstract The thyroid is an endocrine gland that can be affected by several lesions, including reactive, autoimmune and neoplastic diseases. Evidence shows that the immune response, from the release of inflammatory cytokines by immune and non-immune cells, plays an important role in the development of several diseases. Among these cytokines, IL-17 and IL-23 stand out, which have been associated with the pathogenesis of several thyroid diseases. Hence, this research aimed to evaluate the immunoexpression of IL-17 and IL-23 proteins in papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs), follicular adenomas (FAs), colloid goiters (CGs) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HTs) (isolated and associated with PTCs or GCs), in order to better understand the role of these cytokines in these entities. The sample consisted of 30 cases of PTCs, 10 FAs, 15 CGs and 15 HTs. The analysis of protein immunoexpression in follicular/tumor cells was semiquantitatively performed in all lesions, which were classified into three scores: 1 (≤ 33%), 2 (> 33% - 66%) and 3 (> 66%). For the evaluation of immunopositive lymphocytes, five fields with the greater number of positive lymphocytes were selected, where the count was performed. The data were submitted to statistical analysis using the Kruskal-Wallis (KW), Mann-Whitney (U) and Spearman (r) tests, with the significance level set at 5% (p < 0,05). In the analysis of IL-17 between lesions, a higher immunoexpression was verified in the HT lymphocytes compared to FAs and CGs (p=0.041 and p=0.013). In the evaluation of IL-23, a higher immunostaining of follicular/tumor cells in HTs was detected in relation to PTCs (p=0.002), as well as, a greater expression of this cytokine was observed in the lymphocytes of HTs compared to PTCs, FAs and CGs (p=0.001; p=0.023 and p=0.003). In addition, statistically significant correlations between the immunoexpression of IL-17 and IL-23 were observed in both follicular/tumor cells and lymphocytes (r=0.539; p=0.038 and r=0.522; p=0.046). It is therefore suggested that IL-17 and IL-23 influence the pathogenesis of these thyroid lesions and that in some of them, they represent the TH17 response.
8	CLARICE PEREIRA DE BRITO Immunohistochemical expression of p53 in oral liquid mucosa plan Advisor : ANTONIO DE LISBOA LOPES COSTA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ANTONIO DE LISBOA LOPES COSTA MARIA DE LOURDES SILVA DE ARRUDA MORAIS PEDRO PAULO DE ANDRADE SANTOS Data: Mar 2, 2020 Show Abstract Lichen planus (LP) is a relatively common immunologically mediated disease of unknown origin that affects the skin and often the oral mucosa. When it occurs in the mouth, it is called oral lichen planus (OLP), and presents itself as a disease of spontaneous onset and remission, of recurrent nature, being difficult to treat; lesions are mostly bilateral and symmetrical. Cases of malignant transformation in oral squamous cell carcinoma have been reported in the literature, making this lesion a potentially malignant disorder. In order to clarify the mechanisms that lead to this transformation, the role of p53 protein in the carcinogenesis of this lesion has been studied, since there is a widely proven relationship between the high rate of mutations of its gene and malignant tumors of different body tissues. Thus, the present work aims to analyze the immunohistochemical expression of p53 in oral lichen planus lesions, in order to better understand the role of this protein in the development and behavior of this lesion.
9	ANA CAROLINA MACEDO DA SILVA DIAS Immunohistochemical analysis of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosin in oral lichen planus Advisor : ROSEANA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ERICKA JANINE DANTAS DA SILVEIRA NATALIA GUIMARAES BARBOSA ROSEANA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS Data: Jun 30, 2020 Show Abstract The Oral Lichen Planus (OLP) is a chronic immune mediated mucocutaneous disease and relatively common in the oral mucosa. Several researches have been carried out with the intention of identifying pathogens of this lesion, since it is still unknown, standing out as research that uses oxidative stress biomarkers. Among these biomarkers, there is an 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), which is generated after oxidative damage in DNA. The aim of this study was to evaluate the oxidative damage to DNA in the OLP through the immunohistochemical expression of 8-OHdG, to verify the possible involvement of this biomarker in the pathogenesis of this lesion. An immunoexpression of anti-8-OHdG protein was evaluated in a semi-quantitative way in 46 cases of OLP and 17 samples of clinically normal oral mucosa and with statistical analysis data using Kruskall-Wallis and Mann Whitney non-parametric tests, with level of significance established at 5% (p> 0.05). When analyzing an immunoexpression of 8-OHdG in the erosive and reticular forms of OLP and normal oral mucosa, there was a trend of greater nuclear immunoexpression of 8-OHdG was observed in erosive OLP, compared to reticular OLP and normal oral mucosa. However, the Kruskall-Wallis non-parametric test did not show statistically significant differences between groups (p = 0.088). There was also a trend of greater intensity of marking for 8-OHdG in cases of reticular and erosive OLP, when compared to the normal oral mucosa, although no statistical significance was found (p = 0.085). In relation to symptomatology, greater immunomarking was observed, both cytoplasmic and nuclear (p = 0.004 and p = 0.016, respectively) of 8ÓHdG in symptomatic cases, in comparison with asymptomatic cases. The results of this study show a strong immunohistochemical expression of 8-OHdG in OLP, suggesting the role of pathogenic oxidative stress in this disease; however, the absence of a statistically significant difference in this expression when compared to a normal oral mucosa demonstrates that this oxidative stress marker is not indicated as a biomarker for OLP.
10	LILIANE CRISTINA NOGUEIRA MARINHO HEALTH QUALITY ASSESSMENT THROUGH PHOTOBIOMODULATION FOR THE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF ORAL MUCOSITIS IN PATIENTS SUBMITTED TO HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION Advisor : ANA RAFAELA LUZ DE AQUINO MARTINS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ANA RAFAELA LUZ DE AQUINO MARTINS KENIO COSTA DE LIMA MARIA CECILIA AZEVEDO DE AGUIAR Data: Aug 6, 2020 Show Abstract Introduction: Oral mucositis (OM) is an inflammation of the oral mucosa, quite prevalent in patients undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT), contributing to the interruption of antineoplastic treatment. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBM) has been proposed due to its preventive and therapeutic action for OM. Objective: To evaluate the quality of health care through the process and result of photobiomodulation protocols in the prevention and treatment of OM in patients undergoing HSCT. Materials and methods: Observational, descriptive, prospective and health quality assessment study, appropriate according to Squire 2.0. The sample consisted of thirty-six patients who received previous dental treatment and PBM as a preventive protocol for oral mucositis. When diagnosed with mucositis, patients received therapeutic PBM. The patients were followed up and evaluated during the conditioning regime (T0), one day after HSCT (T1), with 5 days after HSCT (T2) and with 10 days after HSCT (T3). The following indicators were used to evaluate the process: Evidence-based therapy, Assessment and recording of symptoms at all visits, Preventive care with PBM during hospitalization and Therapeutic plan for the outbreak of symptoms and worsening. The result indicators were expressed in percentages, being the Percentage of individuals who developed: OM; OM according to gravity; Ache; Severe, mild and / or moderate pain; Oral changes; OM according to sex; OM in leukopenic individuals. In addition to using painkillers during therapy; Pain reduction; Presence of another associated treatment; Individuals with comorbidities who developed OM and Individuals with autologous and allogeneic transplants who developed OM. Descriptive and statistical analysis of the indicators was performed using the non-parametric Wilcoxon test and the Chi-square test with a significance level of 5%. Results: For the process, it was observed that in all indicators, 100% of the sample obtained assistance within the desirable standard. Result indicators showed that 66.6% of patients had Oral Mucositis in at least one follow-up period, with a statistically significant increase between times T1 and T2, as well as between times T1 and T3 (p <0.05), with a predominance grade I (p = 0.014). Four patients (16.7%) reported pain, both at T2 and T3, with a statistically significant increase between T1 and T2 (p <0.05), with moderate pain being the most observed, with no reports of severe pain. In the evaluation of the leukocyte count, it can be observed that in the period in which the patients had a greater number of oral mucositis (T2 and T3), they exhibited leukopenia, but without statistically significant differences (p> 0.05). OM had no statistically significant association with pain, associated treatment, leukopenia, comorbidities and the type of transplant, presenting for females (p = 0.015). There was no statistically significant association for pain reduction. Conclusion: The results presented showed excellent process indicators used to assess the quality of health service provision. The results of the photobiomodulation protocols demonstrated that although there is still the development of OM in these patients, there was a predominance of grade I, with less severity of OM as well as associated pain. The female sex was more associated with the development of OM.
11	CÍNTIA BARRETO DE OLIVEIRA VARELA ASSOCIATION BETWEEN IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL EXPRESSION OF 8-OHDG AND THE DEGREE OF SEVERITY IN ACTINIC CHEILITIS Advisor : PATRICIA TEIXEIRA DE OLIVEIRA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : PATRICIA TEIXEIRA DE OLIVEIRA LELIA MARIA GUEDES QUEIROZ EDJA MARIA MELO DE BRITO COSTA Data: Sep 8, 2020 Show Abstract Actinic cheilitis (QA) is a potentially malignant disorder that can progress to lower lip squamous cell carcinoma (LLSCC). It is not yet well established which factors may be associated with the probability of malignant transformation of this condition, even though it is known that exposure to ultraviolet radiation is its main risk factor, as well as for LLSCC. Ultraviolet radiation causes oxidative damage to DNA, which leads to the formation of 8-hydroxy-2′deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a protein that is associated with the process of carcinogenesis in some human neoplasms. This research aimed to evaluate the expression of 8-OHdG in a series of QA cases and to associate its expression with clinical-pathological parameters. The sample consisted of 57 cases of AK, classified according to the histopathological gradation of epithelial dysplasia (WHO) into mild epithelial dysplasia (22), moderate epithelial dysplasia (17) and severe epithelial dysplasia (11). Seven cases of AQ that did not present epithelial dysplasia were also included. The analysis of the expression of 8-OHdG was performed in a semi-quantitative way by two examiners, calibrated and trained (Kappa = 0.79). The data were submitted to statistical analysis using the non-parametric Mann-Withney and Kruskall-Wallis tests, with a significance level of 5% (p <0.05). The results revealed a strong immunohistochemical expression of 8-OHdG in QA, suggesting the participation of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of this disorder. According to the immunoreactivity score, weak immunoreactivity was observed in 21.1% of the sample, moderate immunoreactivity in 14% and strong immunoreactivity in 64.9%. The statistical tests did not show statistically significant differences between the expression of 8-OHdG and the clinical aspects of QA; there was also no statistical significance between the expression of 8-OHdG and the degree of epithelial dysplasia in the sample (p = 0.350). Based on these results, we conclude that 8-OHdG may be involved in the development of AK, however it is not indicated as a biomarker to assess its degree of severity.
12	KAIZA DE SOUSA SANTOS IMPACT OF A SYSTEMIC DRUG ASSOCIATED WITH A POSTOPERATIVE TOPIC DESENSITIZER ON COLOR CHANGING PROMOTED BY HIGH CONCENTRATION HYDROGEN PEROXIDE Advisor : BONIEK CASTILLO DUTRA BORGES COMMITTEE MEMBERS : BONIEK CASTILLO DUTRA BORGES ISAUREMI VIEIRA DE ASSUNCAO JOSUÉ JÚNIOR ARAÚJO PIEROTE Data: Sep 9, 2020 Show Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of dental bleaching in the office when pre- and postoperative systemic use of paracetamol/codeine (PACO) and postoperative application of topical desensitizer were made. This was a controlled, randomized, triple-blind, split-mouth clinical trial with 14 days of follow-up. Forty volunteers participated of this study. Half took the PACO medication and the other half a placebo (PLA) one hour before the bleaching procedure, and their hemiarchs were randomly assigned to receive a prophylactic paste (PAS) and Desensibilize Nano P® (NP), generating four groups of therapeutic management by hemiarchs: G1 (PLA + PAS), G2 (PLA + NP), G3 (PACO + PAS) and G4 (PACO + NP) (n = 20). Two whitening sessions were performed on the entire sample with 35% hydrogen peroxide with two 20-minute applications, with an interval of one week between each session. Color evaluation was performed using the VITA Classical® Scale and ShadeEye NCC® Colorimeter. The statistical analysis was performed using the ANOVA 2-factor test with Tukey's post-test with the aid of the GraphPad Prism 8.0 software. The bleaching treatment with 35% hydrogen peroxide produced a change in color pattern after bleaching (P <0.005) and without statistically significant differences between therapeutic management (P> 0.005). Therefore, in-office tooth whitening using 35% hydrogen peroxide did not show any compromise in its clinical efficacy related to color after application of the tested desensitizing protocols.
13	ISABELA DANTAS TORRES DE ARAÚJO Effect of systemic use of an antiinflammatory/opioid analgesic drug associated to the posoperative application of a topic desensitizer on the sensitivity caused by in-office tooth bleaching Advisor : BONIEK CASTILLO DUTRA BORGES COMMITTEE MEMBERS : JOSUÉ JÚNIOR ARAÚJO PIEROTE BONIEK CASTILLO DUTRA BORGES ISAUREMI VIEIRA DE ASSUNCAO Data: Sep 10, 2020 Show Abstract OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of systemic administration of paracetamol 500 mg / codeine phosphate 30 mg (PACO) associated with the topical postoperative application of a desensitizer in reducing tooth sensitivity during and after in-office tooth bleaching. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A randomized, controlled, triple-blind, split-mouth clinical trial was conducted, in which 40 volunteers ingested PACO (n = 20) or placebo (n = 20) prior to the procedure, and their hemiarchies received application of topical desensitizer (Desensibilize Nano P - NP) and prophylactic paste (PAS), totaling four groups: PACO/NP, PACO/PAS, PLA/NP and PLA/PAS. Participants underwent two tooth bleaching sessions (35% hydrogen peroxide) with two 20-minute applications in each session, and the desensitizer/prophylactic paste was applied after the procedure for five minutes, according to the manufacturer. In sessions, medication was administered to participants one hour before the procedure and every six hours for 48 hours. The referred sensitivity level was obtained at each session and daily for seven days using the millimetric Visual Analog Scale. Statistical analysis was performed for the variables immediate global sensitivity (IGS), global sensitivity (GS) and daily sensitivity (DS) through the ANOVA tests at 1 and 2 factors followed by the Tukey post-test (p<0.05). RESULTS: For IGS and GS, there were statistically significant differences between therapeutic managements, whose PLA/PAS group showed an average of at least 2 times greater compared to the PACO/NP group. For DS, greater sensitivity intensity was observed on the 8th day, followed by the 1st day. CONCLUSION: In-office tooth bleaching using 35% hydrogen peroxide with systemic administration of PACO associated with the topical postoperative application of Desensibilize Nano P was able to reduce the level of tooth sensitivity.
14	NATÁLIA TEIXEIRA DA SILVA Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of Lactobacillus rhamnosus EM1107 in an experimental model of periodontitis induced in diabetic rats. Advisor : ANA RAFAELA LUZ DE AQUINO MARTINS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ANA RAFAELA LUZ DE AQUINO MARTINS GERLANE COELHO BERNARDO GUERRA SABRINA GARCIA DE AQUINO Data: Sep 23, 2020 Show Abstract Periodontal disease and diabetes share similar chronic immunoinflammatory mechanisms, so probiotic therapy has been suggested as an alternative or complement to non-surgical periodontal therapy. A clinical, in vivo, randomized, blinded and controlled trial was carried out, composed of 70 male Wistar rats, which were randomly divided into five groups with 14 animals each, with the following treatments: (C1) without ligation + distilled water, (C2) ligation + distilled water, (C3) ligation + DM + distilled water, (E1) ligation + EM117, (E2) ligation + DM + EM117. Spectroscopy UV-VIS analysis was used to examine the gingival levels of malonaldehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), IL-1β and TNF-α. Treatment with Lactobacillus rhamnosus EM1107 significantly reduced the concentrations of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α (p <0.05), but showed no benefit in modulating oxidative stress when analyzing MDA and GSH levels. This study suggests an anti-inflammatory effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus EM1107 on ligature-induced periodontitis in diabetic rats.
15	MARIA LAURA DE SOUZA LIMA VOLUMETRIC AND LINEAR ANALYSIS OF THE MAXILLA IN AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF PERIODONTAL DISEASE: INFLUENCE OF ANGIOTENSIN II AT1 AND AT2 RECEPTORS Advisor : AURIGENA ANTUNES DE ARAUJO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : AURIGENA ANTUNES DE ARAUJO ANA RAFAELA LUZ DE AQUINO MARTINS RENATA FERREIRA DE CARVALHO LEITÃO Data: Sep 24, 2020 Show Abstract Periodontal disease is a multicausal inflammatory process. The Renin-Angiotensin System, whose main modulator is Angiotensin II, is related to electrolyte balance and inflammation. An angiotensin II interacts mainly with two receptors, type 1 (AT1) and type 2 (AT2). This study aimed to perform a volumetric and linear analysis of the maxilla in an experimental model of periodontal disease: influence of angiotensin II receptors AT1 and AT2. Six groups were used, three controls and three experimental, with ten animals each, using three different lines of mice: wild (WT), knockout AT1 and knockout AT2. Periodontal disease was induced through ligation, with 5.0 nylon thread, and after fourteen days the animals were identified by euthanasia. Bone loss was assessed using volumetric and linear analysis using MICRO-CT. In order to analyze whether genetic variations, influence on the phenotypic characteristics of bone tissue, analyzes of the spine and femur of the animals of the three strains used were analyzed. The results obtained from the spine showed a smaller difference in bone density between the WT and AT1 groups (p <0.05). Regarding the number and separation between the trabeculae, there was a difference between the groups WT and AT1 (p <0.01) and WT and AT2 (p <0.05), for both analyzes. There was no significant difference between the knockout strains. The model used was effectively generating bone loss and altered differences between controls and patients (WT and AT1: p <0.001; AT2: p <0.01). In the analysis of the maxilla there were no significant differences between the lines that were submitted to periodontal disease. The knockout of the genes of angiotensin II receptors promoted changes in the bone phenotype of the animals, with these groups having a reduction in bone density and quality. The exclusive presence of the AT1 receptor did not induce greater bone loss, nor did the exclusive presence of the AT2 receptor be shown to be protective, but it seems to be determinant for bone metabolism.
16	ANA LARISSE CARNEIRO PEREIRA VERACITY OF A NEW DEVICE FOR INTRAORAL SCANNING TECHNIQUE TO CAPTURE ANGLE AND DISTANCE BETWEEN IMPLANTS IN ENDENTULOUS MANDIBULAR ARCHES Advisor : ADRIANA DA FONTE PORTO CARREIRO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ADRIANA DA FONTE PORTO CARREIRO SAMIRA ALBUQUERQUE DE SOUSA RICARDO FARIA RIBEIRO Data: Sep 24, 2020 Show Abstract This controlled, non-randomized, cross-sectional study aims to present new intraoral scanning technique to increase veracity of scanning in capturing angle and distance of implants in edentulous mandibular arches. The participants rehabilitated with fixed implant-supported total mandibular temporary prosthesis retained by four implants were submitted three impression methods. SC group (intraoral scanning with digital scanbodies), SD group (intraoral scanning with device) and CT group (transfer of implant position transfer). A laboratory scanner was used digitize master models of CT group. The STL data set was overlaid. From this, coordinate system was defined for three-dimensional projection of each implant. Variations in these coordinates for linear (∆x, ∆ye ∆z), angular (XY, XZ and YZ) displacements and their variations (∆θXY, ∆θXZ and ∆θYZ) were compared statistically (p<0.05) (n=60/implant). Then, inter-cylindrical distances (n=40/distances) were measured. In search for correlations between distances and axes of coordinates, Spearman's correlation coefficient (p <0.05) was used. As for linear displacements, the SD group presented veracity values better than the SC for ∆y (ႿSC: 2.82; ႿSD: 0.63; p=0.017) and ∆z (ႿSC: 2.06; ႿSD: 0,70; p=0.014) when compared with the CT group. As for ∆x (ႿSC: -0.17; ႿSD: -0.21; p=0.485) statistically no differences were found. The SD group showed less angular variation in the three projection planes (∆θXY, ∆θYZ and ∆θXZ) and was the closest to the CT group, the opposite did not happen with the SC group.The SD group presented mean values closer CT far distances between implants (SC: 20.15; SD: 21.46; CT: 21.52; p = 0.011). No significant correlation was observed between distances and axes of coordinates. The new intraoral scanning technique (SD group) showed results of linear, angular displacements and distance between implants superior SC group and closer CT group.
17	GUILHERME CARLOS BEIRUTH FREIRE EFFICACY OF AN AGENT WITH ACTIVE OXYGEN IN THE NON-SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PERI-IMPLANT MUCOSITIS Advisor : BRUNO CESAR DE VASCONCELOS GURGEL COMMITTEE MEMBERS : PATRICIA FURTADO GONÇALVES BRUNO CESAR DE VASCONCELOS GURGEL RUTHINEIA DIOGENES ALVES UCHOA LINS Data: Sep 25, 2020 Show Abstract Peri-implant mucositis is an inflammatory condition without loss of bone tissue, which occurs in the soft tissues around the implant. Non-surgical treatment combines basic periodontal therapy with or without the use of chemical agents. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the active oxygen (Bluem®) as a chemical adjuvant in the non-surgical treatment of peri-implant mucositis. Twenty implants in 9 patients were ramdomly treated, 9 in the test group (Bluem®) and 11 in the control group (placebo), in individuals rehabilitated with dental implants. Peri-implant clinical parameters of visible plaque index (VPI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP) and keratinized mucosa were evaluated at baseline and one and six months. For the statistical analysis, Mann-Whitney, Friedman, Wilcoxon and Fisher's Exact tests were used with a significance level of 5%. The results showed that there was a statistical decrease for full mouth VPI (56.81% to 27.27%) and full mouth GBI (32.95% to 28.41%) of the test group; full mouth VPI (42.86% to 15.18%) and full mouth GBI (31.25% to 2.32%) of the control group; Implant VPI in the control group (21.42% to 0%); probing depth for the test group (2.83mm to 2mm) and BOP for the control group (33.33% to 16.67%). However, there were no significant differences between the two groups. It can be concluded that Bluem can be used as a chemical adjuvant in the treatment of peri-implant mucositis.
18	ANNE KALINE CLAUDINO RIBEIRO Risk factors to the adaptation of conventional mandibular complete denture: A clinical trial Advisor : ADRIANA DA FONTE PORTO CARREIRO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ADRIANA DA FONTE PORTO CARREIRO LAERCIO ALMEIDA DE MELO JOEL FERREIRA SANTIAGO JUNIOR Data: Sep 29, 2020 Show Abstract This non-randomized clinical trial proposes to investigate the incidence and the risk factors to the adaptation of the conventional mandibular complete denture (CMCD). A total of 108 bimaxillary edentulous were rehabilitated with full dentures on a 6-month follow-up. Patients were allocated into PTA (Patients adapted to CMCD; n = 67) and PTN (Patients non-adapted to CMCD; n = 41). The criteria that confirmed the patients’ adaptation were: chewing, phonetics, and swallowing comfortably with the dentures. Patients were evaluated in terms of sociodemographic aspects and patient-centered factors. A questionnaire was applied at the same time of installing the new dentures to obtain the sociodemographic and individual information of the patients. The estimate of the average time for adaptation to CMCD was obtained from the Kaplan-Meier curve. The risk factors were analyzed statistically by the Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. Multivariate analysis was performed and the relative risk was adjusted by Poisson regression. The results revealed an incidence of 38% of individuals non-adapted to new mandibular complete dentures after 3 months. Non-adaptation to the mandibular complete denture was significantly associated with the absence of past mandibular denture experience, the presence of ulcerations after rehabilitation, and the height of the reduced posterior mandibular ridge (p <0.05). After 6 months, this incidence decreased to 14.1%, with the occurrence of ulcerative lesions and the non-regular use of CMCD being the risk factors associated with the non-adaptation of CMCD. The survival analysis showed that 2.70 months are sufficient for the adaptation of most patients to the dentures and revealed a significant association between the time of adaptation and the reabsorbed posterior mandibular ridge. It concluded that after 3 months, the absence of previous experience with CMCD, registration of traumatic ulcers in the mandibular arch, and the presence of lower mandibular ridges interfere negatively in the adaptation to new lower dentures, constituting risk factors for non-use CMCD. However, after 6 months of wearing the prostheses, only the occurrence of ulcerative lesions and non-regular wear of dentures were risk factors for non-adaptation to mandibular prostheses.
19	RAISSA PINHEIRO DE PAIVA EVALUATION OF A NEW ANAMNESIC INDEX FOR TEMPOROMANIDBULAR DYSFUNCTION DIAGNOSTIC Advisor : GUSTAVO AUGUSTO SEABRA BARBOSA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : EDUARDO JOSÉ GUERRA SEABRA ERIKA OLIVEIRA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS GUSTAVO AUGUSTO SEABRA BARBOSA Data: Sep 30, 2020 Show Abstract Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD) consists of a complex condition, which has a multifactorial etiology and presents varied symptoms, in addition to a certain difficulty in its diagnosis. Objective: The study aims to compare the diagnoses of a new anamnesic instrument for TMD, based on a clinical protocol, and to evaluate its sensitivity and specificity. Methods: The present study consists of the evaluation of a new anamnesic diagnostic instrument, consisting of 12 items about TMD signs and symptoms, based on the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC / TMD) - considered standard-gold for TMD diagnosis. The study sample consisted of 50 individuals waiting for care in the TMD and Orofacial Pain sector of the Department of Dentistry at UFRN, Natal - RN. The instruments used were applied by a single examiner previously trained. The data were organized and analyzed by the SPSS program, using the Chi-square and Kappa for sensitivity and specificity, considering a significance level of 5%. Results: The analyzed data demonstrated that the new diagnostic tool for TMD obtained a good agreement with the DC / TMD and sensitivity, but little specific.
20	LARISSA MENDONCA DE MIRANDA Reuse of lithium disilicate ceramics for CAD / CAM: effect of surface treatment and thermocycling on the durability of bonding to resin cement Advisor : RODRIGO OTHAVIO DE ASSUNCAO E SOUZA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : RODRIGO OTHAVIO DE ASSUNCAO E SOUZA SAMIRA ALBUQUERQUE DE SOUSA FABÍOLA PESSÔA PEREIRA LEITE Data: Oct 1, 2020 Show Abstract Objective: To investigate the effect of reusing CAD / CAM blocks of lithium disilicate (DL) ceramics, surface treatment (hydrofluoric acid-HF or Monobond Etch & Prime -MEP) and thermocycling on the bond strength to resin cement. Materials and methods: 48 blocks of lithium disilicate (LD) (E.max CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent) were made and sintered according to the experimental group. Thus, for the groups that used conventional LD ceramics (C), twenty-four blocks were obtained from the section of LD / CAM blocks of LD in the dimensions of 14x12x2mm, which were sanded (# 600) and then sintered . For the groups that used LD ceramic after reuse (R), 24 blocks waxed in the dimensions of 10x10x3mm, were included in coating and then residues of non-sintered LD ceramic blocks were pressed by the lost wax technique. Afterwards, the blocks were included in chemically activated acrylic resin and divided into 12 groups (4 blocks per group) according to the factors: “Reuse cycles” (C and R) “surface treatment” (HF20s and HF120s and Monobond etch & prime / MEP) and “thermocycling” (with and without). After treatment, on each treated block surface, four cylinders (Ø2mm) of dual resin cement (Allcem Dual, FGM) were made and photopolymerized for 60s (N = 180 / n = 15). Half of the samples from each group were subjected to thermocycling (10,000 cycles, 5-55 ° C, 30s) and then subjected to the shear bond strength test (SBS- 100KgF, 1mm / min). Failure, wettability, roughness analyzes will also be performed. The SBS (MPa) data were analyzed using 2-factor ANOVA for each group and 1-factor ANOVA for the treatment surface. Tukey's test (5%) and Weibull's analysis were also performed. Results: ANOVA revealed that for conventional ceramics, thermocycling and surface treatment were significant (P=0.0000) but the interaction between them was not significant (P=0.6799). For reused ceramics, thermocycling (P=0.0000), surface treatment (P=0.0000) and interaction (P=0.0117) were significant. Higher SBS values were found in the HF120s and MEP group, both for conventional and reused ceramics. However, in the TC condition, the reuse reduced the adhesive strength significantly when the ceramic was conditioned with HF for 20 or 120s. When the MEP was used, the bond strength was not affected by the reuse (C = 22.30 MPa; R = 20.39MPa). The Weibull module (m) was not significant (P=0.547), but the characteristic resistance (σ0) varied between the experimental groups (P = 0.000). Conclusion: The reuse of the lithium disilicate ceramic reduces the durability of the bond to the resin cement, except when the ceramic surface treatment is carried out with self-conditioning silane.
21	APARECIDA THARLLA LEITE DE CALDAS SEMI-DIRECT RESTORATIONS MADE WITH COMPOSITE RESINS WITH ADDITION OF ZIRCONIA AND DIATOMITE: IN VITRO EVALUATION OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES Advisor : ISAUREMI VIEIRA DE ASSUNCAO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ISAUREMI VIEIRA DE ASSUNCAO ALEX JOSE SOUZA DOS SANTOS ISABELA PINHEIRO CAVALCANTI LIMA Data: Nov 3, 2020 Show Abstract INTRODUCTION: The incorporation of filler particles in composite resins has the role of improving their physical and mechanical properties, providing greater resistance to restorations. Many composites have nanoparticles incorporated into their composition, such as quartz, zirconia, silica and, more recently, diatomite, which is a sedimentary rock rich in silica. The addition of these nanoparticles seeks to increase the surface area and promote greater interaction with the organic matrix. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate bond strength (RU), failure pattern (PF), polymerization depth (PP), flexural strength (RF) and elastic modulus (ME) of conventional and single-increment composite resins with addition zirconia and diatomite in semi-direct restorations. METHODS: Trunk-cone cavities with high C-factor (2.2) were created in dentin of bovine incisors (N = 68). Semi-direct restorations (n= 17) were made using resins: Bulk Fill (BF) (3M ESPE®), Z250 XT Resin (Z250XT) (3M ESPE®), Zirconfill Resin (ZF) (BM4®) and Z350 XT Resin ( Z350XT) (3M ESPE®), cemented with RelyX Ultimate self-etching dual resin cement (3M ESPE®), then the RU and PP tests were performed. For the RF and ME tests, using a silicone matrix, standard toothpicks (10mm x 1mm high x 2mm) were made for each tested resin (n = 10). RESULTS: For RF and ME Z250XT obtained a statistically higher value than ZF. For RU and PP, no statistically significant differences were found between the study groups. CONCLUSION: The addition of zirconia and diatomite nanoparticles did not influence the RU and PP of conventional and single-increment composite resins, however in the RF and ME tests there was a difference between the resins, where the resin with diatomite added lower values.
22	JEANNE DE SENA MONTEIRO SOUSA INFLUENCE OF MANUAL THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH TEMPOROMANDIBULAR DYSFUNCTION. CASE SERIES. Advisor : AURIGENA ANTUNES DE ARAUJO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : AURIGENA ANTUNES DE ARAUJO ERIKA OLIVEIRA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS CAMILA MARIA BASTOS MACHADO DE RESENDE Data: Dec 16, 2020 Show Abstract Objective: To evaluate manual therapy (TM) in patients withtemporomandibular disorder (TMD). Methodology: A series of cases wascarried out in 5 patients with TMD, diagnosed by the TemporomandibularDysfunction Diagnosis Criterion (RDC / TMD). Patients received sessions of TMin the period of 1 month, a frequency twice a week lasting 30 minutes, making atotal of 8 sessions. The level of salivary cortisol, pain intensity was verified bythe visual numerical scale (EVN), degree of anxiety by the questionnaires:Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI)and Trait Anxiety Index State (STAI), degree of depression using the HospitalAnxiety and Depression Scale questionnaire (HADS) and quality of life usingthe World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire (WHOQUOL bref).They were evaluated before and after the therapy was applied. Results: It wasobserved that after TM, most patients were pain-free (ENA = 0), with adecrease in the level of salivary cortisol (1.98 µg / dl to 1.31 µg / dl), lessanxious ( medium anxiety) and less depressive (mild depression) and withimproved quality of life. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated thatmanual therapy had satisfactory effects in the treatment of patients with TMD onpain intensity, salivary cortisol level, anxiety in relation to the BAI questionnaire,, depression and quality of life. Keywords: Temporomandibular dysfunction; Quality of life; SkeletalManipulations; Salivary cortisol.
23	LUANA DA ROCHA ALVES MENDONÇA DEVELOPMENT, CONTENT VALIDATION AND RESPONSE PROCESS OF EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DIAGNOSTIC INSTRUMENT - IDE / DTM Advisor : PATRICIA DOS SANTOS CALDERON COMMITTEE MEMBERS : LÍVIA MARIA SALES PINTO ERIKA OLIVEIRA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS PATRICIA DOS SANTOS CALDERON Data: Dec 19, 2020 Show Abstract The incidence and prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) characterize them as a public health issue, becoming necessary to create adequate public policies in the diagnosis, evaluation and treatment of these conditions in Brazil. Therefore, the objective of this study is to develop an easy to apply diagnostic tool, to be validated, allowing an epidemiological survey regarding TMD prevalence in the Brazilian population. This is a study of instrument construction, which followed the steps of evidence of validity. The instrument is divided into two parts: a questionnaire and a clinical protocol. The instrument was based on pre-existing instruments in the literature and on the clinical experience of the research group responsible for this study. The instrument went through the Validity Evidence Based on the Content and on the Response Process steps. As a result, there were 3 versions of the instrument. The first comprising a questionnaire with 09 questions and a 12 items clinical protocol; after the content validation phase, the instrument was condensed to 5 questions and 8 items clinical protocol (2nd version). The 2nd version was validated by the response process and the number of items was maintained, but some instructions for the future surveyor were included. Thus, the product of this study is a diagnostic instrument entitled Epidemiological Diagnostic Instrument - IDE / DTM.
24	DAVI CORREIA DE OLIVEIRA EVALUATION OF CLINICAL AND LABORATORIAL TIMES, AND COMFORT OF DIGITAL AND CONVENTIONAL OCLUSAL SPLINTS: A PILOT CLINICAL TRIAL Advisor : ERIKA OLIVEIRA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : EDUARDO JOSÉ GUERRA SEABRA ERIKA OLIVEIRA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS GUSTAVO AUGUSTO SEABRA BARBOSA Data: Dec 21, 2020 Show Abstract The Occlusal Splints (OS) are indicated for the management of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and sleep bruxism. There is still little scientific evidence comparing the OS made by CAD / CAM and the conventional ones in relation to the adjustment time for installing the splints, and the clinical and laboratory confection time. The present study aimed to compare the clinical and laboratory time of confection of conventional splints (CS) with thermopolymerizable resins and those milled (MS) by CAD / CAM systems in patients with sleep bruxism. In addition, the installation time and comfort of patients using the plates were compared. A clinical trial was carried out with 20 patients (7 CS; 13 MS) who had a probable diagnosis of bruxism through the application of questionnaires and clinical evaluation. The clinical and laboratory confection times for the respective stages were timed. Comfort was assessed using a visual analog scale after the stages of clinical confection and after 30 days of splint use. A descriptive and inferential analysis of the results was performed. Preliminary results showed an average time of clinical preparation and installation of 58% and 33% less for MS compared to CS, respectively. Laboratory time 7% shorter for MS. It was reported that MS were 24% and 17% more comfortable than CS during the stages of clinical confection and after 30 days of use, respectively. From the results it was possible to observe a great decrease in the time of clinical preparation when employing the digital flow that is used for the preparation of PF and a considerable decrease in the time of clinical installation. The laboratory time proved to be similar, but the conventional method required direct labor in most stages. In addition, the “digital” plates provided greater comfort in clinical confection and usage.
25	RICARDO LIBERALINO FERREIRA DE SOUZA EVALUATION OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS OF THE CONVENTIONAL SPLINTS AND made CAD / CAM SUBTRACTIVE IN PATIENTS WITH SLEEP BRUXISM. PILOT STUDY Advisor : ERIKA OLIVEIRA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ERIKA OLIVEIRA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS FABÍOLA PESSÔA PEREIRA LEITE GUSTAVO AUGUSTO SEABRA BARBOSA Data: Dec 21, 2020 Show Abstract The study evaluated the conventional occlusal splint (PC) and the one made by milled CAD / CAM (PF) in patients with sleep bruxism regarding their surface roughness and their sleep quality. Materials and Methods: A pilot study was composed of two groups: PC; N = 5 and PF; N = 13. The selected patients were evaluated for the presence of bruxism and completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQUI-BR). Occlusal splints were made, occlusal adjustments were did and surface roughness was evaluated after 15 and 60 days of installation. For the analysis of roughness, the most posterior contact point on the splint and the canine guide region were considered bilaterally, so the splint had four points of analysis, two anterior and two posteriors. Analysis was performed using CCI MP non-contact 3D optical profileometer; the data were obtained and analyzed using the Taysurf CCI software (Taylor Hobson). Results: at time 0 (t0 = 15 days) the PC group showed higher roughness in the two analyzes (Sa = 34.71 and Ra = 32.82) than the PF group (Sa = 29.72 and Ra = 26, 13). After evaluation at time 1 (t1 = 60 days), the mean roughness of the CP group was lower (CP, Sa = 28.8; Ra = 25.69), while the PF group presented (Sa = 32.4; Ra = 29.1).. Conclusion: The PC group showed higher surface roughness when compared to the PF group, for the Sa and Ra analyzes at t0, but when observed at t1, the roughness of the PC group was lower.
	Thesis
1	LUIZ ARTHUR BARBOSA DA SILVA ANALYSIS OF BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS ASSOCIATED WITH HEAT SHOCK FACTOR 1 (HSF1) IN ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA Advisor : MARCIA CRISTINA DA COSTA MIGUEL COMMITTEE MEMBERS : BÁRBARA VANESSA DE BRITO MONTEIRO CASSIANO FRANCISCO WEEGE NONAKA LELIA MARIA GUEDES QUEIROZ MARCIA CRISTINA DA COSTA MIGUEL SERGIO ADRIANE BEZERRA DE MOURA Data: Feb 18, 2020 Show Abstract Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) exhibits high rates of morbimortality and it is crucial to identify prognostic factors (clinicopathological and molecular) that have an impact on patient survival and that can stratify them in individualized therapies. In this perspective, there is the heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), considered the main activated transcription factor in response to proteotoxic stress, a common event in cancer cells. Evidences in various types of cancer show that different processes associated with tumor initiation and progression, as well as therapeutic resistance, are regulated by HSF1. Therefore, to clarify the pathways of HSF1 participation in the OSCC may help in the understanding of its biological behavior. In research previously developed by our group, a clinicopathological analysis and an immunoexpression study of HSF1 of 70 cases of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) were performed in comparison with 30 samples of the normal oral mucosa (NOM). In this current investigation, the role of HSF1 in OTSCC tumorigenesis was evaluated, through in vitro experiments with the SCC15 cell line, silenced and non-silenced with lentiviral particles, with silencing confirmed by qRT-PCR and Western Blot. Cell viability and proliferation (CellTiter and BrdU, respectively), invasion capacity (transwell / Matrigel system), influence on cell cycle (propidium iodide and flow cytometry analysis) and epithelial-mesenchymal (EMT) (expression of E-cadherin and vimentin by qRT-PCR) were evaluated. All in vitro experiments were repeated in triplicate and for all statistical tests used the significance level was 5%. Our previous results showed that as for the cases of OTSCC, 57.1% exhibited clinical stage III or IV, 82.9% were graded as high grade according to Bryne (1998), 47.1% as high risk according to Brandwein-Gensler et al. (2005) and 58.8% as high risk according to the BD model. It was observed an impact of Bryne's gradation (1998) (p = 0.05) on disease-free survival and of tumor size T3 or T4 (p = 0.04), local recurrence (p = 0.02) and BD model (p = 0.02) on global survival. A significant initial result (p <0.01) was found when comparing an HSF1 immunoexpression between NOM and OTSCC, with no significant association of immunoexpression with clinicopathological tests. From the functional studies, it was observed that HSF1 is overexpressed in the SCC15 cell line compared to normal keratinocytes (p <0.005) and that the silencing of this gene inhibited cell proliferation (p <0.005), advance in the cell cycle phases, with an increase in the number of cells in phases G0/G1 (p <0.01) and reduction of cells in phase S (p <0.001), invasion capacity (p <0.05) and EMT, with decreased vimentin expression (p <0.05) and increased E-cadherin (p <0.001), when compared to silenced and control lines. Given these results, it is suggested that HSF1 can exert a range of functions that maintain cell viability amid the stressful conditions of the tumor microenvironment. Thus, in the future, strategies involving its suppression may be a useful therapeutic tool in controlling the progress of the OSCC.
2	MARA LUANA BATISTA SEVERO Comparative study about use of propolis and royal jellies in treatment of chemically induced oral mucositis: Experimental study in vivo Advisor : ERICKA JANINE DANTAS DA SILVEIRA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ANDRESA COSTA PEREIRA ERICKA JANINE DANTAS DA SILVEIRA MARCIA CRISTINA DA COSTA MIGUEL MARIA CECILIA AZEVEDO DE AGUIAR RUTHINEIA DIOGENES ALVES UCHOA LINS Data: Feb 20, 2020 Show Abstract Purpose: Evaluate effects of propolis, royal jellies comparing to low-intensity laser photobiomodulation therapies on an animal model of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced Oral Mucositis (OM). Material and Methods: It is an In vivo, experimental, controlled and blind study. Seventy-two male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into four groups (n=18): control (no treatment), photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) (intraoral laser 6 J/cm2), propolis gel (P) and royal jelly (RJ). On days 0 and 2, animals received an intraperitoneal injection of 5-FU. On Days 3 and 4, the buccal mucosa was scratched. Therapies were initiated on Day 5. Six animals per group were euthanized on Days 8, 10, and 14. Phytochemical analysis of P and RJ were performed by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). Clinical analysis was performed using photography and histopathological (Hematoxylin / Eosin) evaluation was based on re-epithelization and inflammation scores. Immunohistochemical (pAKT, p-S6 and NFκB) and oxidative stress studies (Superoxide Dismutase-SOD, Glutathione reduced- GSH and Malonyldialdehyde-MDA) were investigated. Results: TLC analysis revealed the presence of compounds such as terpenes, saponins, essential oils and flavonoids in P and a high amount of sucrose (Rf 0.34) in RG. On days 8 and 10, the animals of PBMT, P and GR groups showed clinical improvement of OM and accelerated healing with lower morphological scores, increased immunoexpression of pS6 proteins (except on day 10), pAKT (p <0.05, ANOVA and Tukey test) and NF-kB transcription factor (Mann Whitney test; p <0.05) when compared to the group control. On day 14, group P increased the GSH antioxidant levels when compared to the control group (p <0.05, ANOVA and Tukey test). Conclusions: Our results showed that P and GR, as well as PBMT with intraoral laser, are effective therapies in the treatment of OM. The presence of sugars in GR and flavonoids, terpenes and essential oils in P justifies the excellent wound healing action and its anti-inflammatory effects. The presence of sugars in the GR and flavonoids in the P justifies the excellent wound healing action and its anti-inflammatory effects. Additionally, the propolis-treated group exhibited better oxidative stress reduction characteristics in 5-FU-induced OM in rats when compared to the other treatment groups.
3	PATRÍCIA GUERRA PEIXE The Effect of Aging on the Immunoexpression of CD1a, CD83, Tryptase and CD34 on Healthy and Diseased Periodontal Tissues Advisor : BRUNO CESAR DE VASCONCELOS GURGEL COMMITTEE MEMBERS : BRUNO CESAR DE VASCONCELOS GURGEL ROSEANA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS ANA RAFAELA LUZ DE AQUINO MARTINS SABRINA GARCIA DE AQUINO FERNANDO JOSE DE OLIVEIRA NOBREGA Data: Feb 28, 2020 Show Abstract The elderly's microbiota and immune system show some changes, favoring the onset of infections and inflammatory diseases. Periodontal disease is an example, permeating between acute and chronic aspects, it can have changes in its evolution with human aging. Understanding periodontal disease and its relationship with the life cycle is important for prevention, treatment and cure. This study aims to evaluate the effect of aging on periodontal disease, by assessing the presence of immature (CD1a) and mature (CD83) dendritic cells, mast cells (tryptase) and blood vessels (CD34) in 154 healthy and deseased periodontal tissues. The immunohistochemistry technique was used through the immunostaining of CD1a, CD83, tryptase and CD34 markers, being counted in 5 fields with a greater number of positive cells, in the 100x magnification. For CD34, the microvascular area and perimeter were also calculated for all blood vessels present, and for vessels with the presence of high vascular endothelium. There was no difference in the immunoexpression of dendritic cells, mast cells and the amount of blood vessels in the gingival tissues, between cases of clinical gingival health, biofilm-induced gingivitis and periodontitis, evaluating the age groups: adults and adults separately. seniors. Immature dendritic cells are more numerous in the elderly with the clinical picture of gingivitis and periodontitis. In biofilm-induced gingivitis, the elderly have a greater number of mast cells in the degranulation process. Adults with biofilm-induced gingivitis have a greater amount of blood vessels than the elderly group. The microvascular area and the microvascular perimeter of the blood vessels with the high vascular endothelium were larger in the elderly in cases of gingivitis. Concluding, in the elderly with biofilm-induced gingivitis, there is a change in the number of immature dendritic cells, in addition to a change in the caliber of blood vessels with high vascular vessels, requiring studies that relate these data to the cellular function to understand the role of inflammatory cells in periodontal disease.
4	HUGO COSTA NETO CRIPTO-1 IS A POTENTIAL BIOMARKER FOR DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF BENIGN AND MALIGNANT BONE TUMORS OF THE JAWS Advisor : HEBEL CAVALCANTI GALVAO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : HEBEL CAVALCANTI GALVAO ERICKA JANINE DANTAS DA SILVEIRA ROSEANA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS ANA LUIZA DIAS LEITE DE ANDRADE MANUEL ANTONIO GORDON NUNEZ Data: Feb 28, 2020 Show Abstract Fibro-osseous lesions of maxilar (FOLM) is a non-specific designation for a group of disorders characterized, morphologically, by replacement of bone tissue by a matrix of fibrous connective tissue, showing neoformation of bone tissue with varying degrees of mineralization. Precise diagnosis of FOLM is not easy, and requires careful analyisis of clinical, radiological and histological aspects. Even so, some cases still challenge accuracy in diagnosis. Considering the diversity of biological behaviour of the lesions and the research regarding identification of potential molecular markers, this study aims to perform immunohistochemical analysis of crypto-1 and β-catenin in a series of cases diagnosed microscopically as fibrous dysplasia (FD) (n=30), central ossifying fibroma (COF) (n=28) and osteossarcoma (OS) (n=5), stored in archives of Oral Pathological Anatomy Service of a Brazilian population. Immunohistochemical expressions were analysed through imunorreactive score. All data obtained was inserted into a file of Microsoft Excel® software (Microsoft Corporation, USA) and then transferred to a database of SPSS® for Windows software (Statistical Package for Social Sciences; IBM, USA), version 20.0. For all statistical tests used, the significance level established was p ≤ 0.05. CR-1 showed a predominant pattern of strong positive in COF and OS cases, and a moderate positive in FD cases (p<0,001). β-catenin showed a predominant negative pattern for COF and FD cases, and a predominant strong positive pattern for OS cases (p=0,001). Spearman correlation tests showed positive correlation of the imunoreative scores of CR-1 and β-catenin. Those results suggests CR-1 could be involved in the pathogenesis of COF and OS, and this protein could be used as a potential molecular biomarker for diferential diagnosis of FOLM.
5	MAYRA SOUSA GOMES Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of hydroethanolic extract of Spondias mombin leaf in an oral mucositis experimental model Advisor : RUTHINEIA DIOGENES ALVES UCHOA LINS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ANA RAFAELA LUZ DE AQUINO MARTINS CARLOS AUGUSTO GALVAO BARBOZA EDJA MARIA MELO DE BRITO COSTA MARIA CECILIA AZEVEDO DE AGUIAR RUTHINEIA DIOGENES ALVES UCHOA LINS Data: Jun 25, 2020 Show Abstract Oral mucositis (MO) is characterized as an inflammatory condition for clinically presenting erythematous and ulcerated areas. It is the most common oral complication in patients undergoing chemotherapy and / or radiotherapy, and its treatment aims to relieve painful symptoms and induce the injury repair process. Spondias mombin is a plant widely used in northeastern Brazil and its leaves are used in folk medicine to treat inflammation in the mouth and throat. Aim: To evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials of the hydroethanolic extract of the leaf of Spondias mombin (HESM) in an experimental model of oral mucositis. Methods: A pre-clinical, in vivo, blind, randomized and controlled trial was performed. The sample consisted of 42 male hamsters, divided into 6 groups: Saline (S), Mechanical trauma (TM), 5 fluorouracil / Mechanical trauma (5-FU / TM) and experimental HESM doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg / kg, for ten days. The animals were submitted to biochemical analyzes and the samples of pouches of the cheek mucosa were subjected to macroscopic, histopathological and immunohistochemical analyzes, with Cox-2, iNOS, NF-kB p50 NLS and MMP-2 markers. The levels of IL-1β and TNF-α were analyzed by ELISA immunoreaction and the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were submitted to spectroscopic analysis. Results: The HESM-treated group at a dose of 200 mg / kg showed the best healing effect, showing no evidence of ulceration in macroscopic analysis (p <0.05). Histopathological analysis of this group showed reepithelialization, a mild mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate and absence of a bleeding and edema score of 1 (1-1) (p <0.05), in addition to a large amount of collagen fibers. Reduced immunoexpression of Cox-2, iNOS, NF-kB p50 NLS and MMP-2; decreased levels of SOD (p <0.05), MDA (p <0.001), IL-1β (p <0.05) and TNF-α (p <0.001); and an increase in GSH levels (p <0.01) were also observed in this same group. Conclusion: HESM (200 mg / kg) reduced oxidative stress and inflammation in oral mucositis induced by 5-fluorouracil in hamsters.
6	DAYANNE MONIELLE DUARTE MOURA CLINICAL PERFORMANCE OF MONOLITHIC CAD/CAM SINGLE CROWNS OF POLYMER-INFILTRATED AND LITHIUM DISILICATE CERAMIC: PRELIMINARY RESULTS AFTER 12 MONTHS Advisor : RODRIGO OTHAVIO DE ASSUNCAO E SOUZA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : RODRIGO OTHAVIO DE ASSUNCAO E SOUZA ADRIANA DA FONTE PORTO CARREIRO PATRICIA DOS SANTOS CALDERON MARCO ANTONIO BOTTINO RENATA MARQUES DE MELO Data: Aug 7, 2020 Show Abstract Objective: to evaluate, through a controlled, randomized and double-blind clinical trial, the clinical performance of posterior single monolithic crowns made of two types of ceramics, as well as the impact of rehabilitation on patients' aesthetic satisfaction and quality of life. Materials and Methods: A total of 20 patients who received 36 crowns were included in this study. All patients signed an informed consent form. The teeth under rehabilitation were allocated using a simple draw between the groups: Control Group: (LD- lithium disilicate) and Experimental group (PIC -Vita Enamic). Photographic, radiographic, and clinical information records were collected before, during, and after rehabilitation. The crowns of each group were assessed for clinical survival rate (modified USPSH criteria), aesthetic satisfaction (visual analog scale - VAS), quality of life (Oral Impacts on Daily Performances - OIDP), and type of failures (biological and technical). Data collection was performed by a single examiner calibrated and blinded to the type of material, at the follow-up times T0 (before the start of treatment), T1 (1 month), T2 (6 months), and T3 (12 months). The OIDP and USPHS criteria were analyzed descriptively. Aesthetic satisfaction was analyzed with the Man-Whitney/Friedman test/Wilcoxon post-tests. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier followed by the log-rank test. The level of significance was set at (5%). Results: 36 crowns were placed on 20 patients with a mean age of 47.17 years (± 13.91), with 22 (56.4%) crowns from the control group (LD) and 14 (35.9%) for the group experimental (PIC). The Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed a survival rate of 83.5% for PIC and 86.2% for LD with no significant differences between them (P>0.05). Four failures were recorded, 2 in each group, two detachments after 1(PIC) and 6 months (LD), a tooth fracture (LD), and grade III mobility after (PIC) 12 months of follow-up. There was no significant difference in aesthetic satisfaction between the control group and the experimental group (Mann-Whitney, P>0.05). Aesthetic satisfaction was significantly higher after 1 (T1), 6 (T2), and 12 (T3) months when compared to baseline (T0) (Friedman test - P <0.05). Rehabilitation with single crowns had a positive impact on patients' quality of life. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that single monolithic crowns of PIC and LD presented a good clinical, aesthetic performance and with a positive impact on patients' quality of life after 12 months. A longer evaluation period is needed to draw more conclusions.
7	HANIERI GUSTAVO DE OLIVEIRA INFLUENCE OF THE TYPE OF COMPOSITE AND TIME OF EXPOSURE TO X-RAYS IN THE PRODUCTION OF RADIOGRAPHIC ARTICLES IN A CLASS II RESTORATION MODEL. Advisor : PATRICIA TEIXEIRA DE OLIVEIRA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : PATRICIA TEIXEIRA DE OLIVEIRA ISAUREMI VIEIRA DE ASSUNCAO ALEX JOSE SOUZA DOS SANTOS VÂNIO SANTOS COSTA CONCEIÇÃO APARECIDA DORNELAS MONTEIRO MAIA Data: Sep 22, 2020 Show Abstract Objective: To evaluate the effect of the exposure time and the type of composite in the production of radiographic artifact at the tooth / restorative interface. Materials and Methods: In 20 healthy bovine incisors, cavity preparations and class II restorations were made using composite resins Filtek Bulk Fill One (group 1) and Filtek Z350 (group 2). Then, the teeth were exposed to obtain digital radiographs, varying the exposure time by 0.07, 0.10, 0.14, 0.20 and 0.25s. The images were evaluated for investigation of the presence of artifact through the analysis of the modified number of pixels (QPXD) and the average gray value in class II (MGVR) restorations, using the Image J software (National Health Institute). Results: The presence of artifact was observed in all evaluated samples, regardless of the type of restorative material and the exposure time employed. There was no statistically significant difference in QPXD and MGVR between the resins used (ANOVA 2 factors, p p> 0.05). The MGVR analysis indicated that there were no statistically significant differences between resins or between exposure times (p> 0.05). There was a correlation between QPXD and MGVR (r = 0.29) for Filtek Bulk Fill One resin. Conclusion: The presence of altered pixels on dentin in the region of the tooth-restoration interface was identified in all specimens. The variation in the exposure time as well as the type of the restorative composite did not influence the increase or decrease of QPXD and neither in MGVR. However, there was a correlation between QPXD and MGVR for Filtek Bulk Fill One resin. Further research is needed to determine whether QPXD represents a true artifact or misfit of the restorative material or deficiency in the adhesive system application.
8	ADELIANA GARCIA VERISSIMO INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT CAD/CAM WORKFLOWS ON THE ACCURACY OF OCCLUSAL AND PROXIMAL CONTACTS ON LITHIUM DISSILICATE CROWNS Advisor : GUSTAVO AUGUSTO SEABRA BARBOSA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ADRIANA DA FONTE PORTO CARREIRO EDUARDO JOSÉ GUERRA SEABRA ERIKA OLIVEIRA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS GUSTAVO AUGUSTO SEABRA BARBOSA LUANA MARIA MARTINS DE AQUINO Data: Sep 30, 2020 Show Abstract This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effect of the digital workflow using chairside and laboratory-based CAD / CAM systems regarding the precision of occlusal and proximal contacts in lithium disilicate crowns. Lithium disilicate crowns were produced (n = 50) and divided into the following groups: CEREC Bluecam (n = 10), CEREC Apollo Di - CAI (n = 10), 3Shape Trios - (n = 10), CEREC InEos X5 - (n = 10) and 3Shape D900 / Wieland-Zenotec (n = 10), being the first three groups chairside CAD / CAM systems and the last two, laboratory-based CAD / CAM systems. For the contacts evaluation, virtual crowns were projected and digital images of occlusal and proximal contacts were captured by the software systems and paired with real crown images after milling and checking the contacts with carbon. The images were randomly inserted into a software and evaluated by 3 blinded and calibrated evaluators. The Kruskal-Wallis Test and the Mann Whitney Post-test with Bonferroni corrections (0,0083) were used for the comparison of the proximal contacts while ANOVA and Tahame Post-test were used for the comparison of the occlusal contacts. After cementation, an evaluation of the interproximal contact points between crown and adjacent teeth, using dental floss was also performed. Occlusal contacts were also analysed. ANOVA test and Tukey's post-test were used for the quantitative analysis of the different systems regarding occlusal contacts and the Chi-square for qualitative assessments. There was a significant difference regarding the distribution of occlusal contacts between the different systems (p <0.001), with a better result in the chairside systems. The qualitative evaluation also showed a significant difference. In clinical analysis of interproximal contacts, using dental floss, 50% of the crowns had contact deficiency, with no contact point. Only the TRIOS system produced 75% of their crowns with satisfactory quality. Within the limitations of the study, it can be concluded that chairside systems showed better fidelity than InLab systems. There was a deficiency in the proximal contacts of 50% of the evaluated crowns and only 3Shape Trios system presented promising results.
9	GABRIELA MONTEIRO DE ARAUJO CLINICAL PERFORMANCE OF ULTRATRANSLUCENT ZIRCONIA CERAMIC VENEERS: CONTROLLED AND RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL Advisor : RODRIGO OTHAVIO DE ASSUNCAO E SOUZA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ADRIANA DA FONTE PORTO CARREIRO EDUARDO MIYASHITA PATRICIA DOS SANTOS CALDERON RENATA MARQUES DE MELO RODRIGO OTHAVIO DE ASSUNCAO E SOUZA Data: Oct 1, 2020 Show Abstract Objective: to evaluate the clinical survival of ceramic laminates in ultra-translucent zirconia, the satisfaction and the impacts of this treatment on the patient's quality of life. Materials and methods: The study was analyzed as a controlled, randomized, double-blind (patient and evaluated) clinical trial with a longitudinal character. The sample studied was 82 ceramic laminates divided into two groups according to the type of material, 39 laminates in lithium disilicate for the control group and 43 in ultra-translucent zirconia for the experimental group. All patients signed an informed consent form. The restorative treatment was carried out by dentists participating in the extension project “Metal-Free Fixed Prostheses”. Data collection was performed by a single examiner in the evaluation periods of 1, 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48 months. The aesthetic satisfaction of each patient was assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS). For the impact on quality of life, a modified OIDP (Oral Impact of Daily Performance) was used. An analysis of clinical longevity was performed using Ryge's modified criteria with a clinical mirror and explorer. The data on the survival of laminates of different materials were plotted using the Kaplan-Meier curve. The Ryge criteria scores and impact on the patient's quality of life were descriptively arranged and the esthetic satisfaction indexes were required with the Mann-Whitney / Friedman U test and Wilcoxon post-test. For statistical analysis, the level of significance was set at 5%. Results: The clinical survival rate was 100% for the laminates of both materials. Only the discoloration marginally criterion obtained from a classification other than A. The B score was presented by 9 laminates of lithium disilicate and 2 of ultra-translucent zirconia. Aesthetic satisfaction differs statistically significant between the materials for the smile (in T0, T2, T3 and T4), color (T2, T3, and T4), shape (in T1, T3 and T4), size (T2, T3 and T4) and aesthetic result (T1, T2, T3 and T4), with greater satisfaction for the lithium disilicate. There was no negative interference from treatment on the quality of life. Talking and relaxing were activities in which the treatment least interfered. Conclusion: The treatment with laminates made of ultratranslucent zirconia has clinical performance similar to the cases treated with lithium disilicate.
10	HIANNE CRISTINNE DE MORAIS MEDEIROS CORRELATION BETWEEN INGs AND P53 EXPRESSIONS IN BENIGN EPITHELIAL ODONTOGENIC LESIONS Advisor : LELIA MARIA GUEDES QUEIROZ COMMITTEE MEMBERS : DENISE HELEN IMACULADA PEREIRA DE OLIVEIRA ERICKA JANINE DANTAS DA SILVEIRA GUSTAVO PINA GODOY LELIA MARIA GUEDES QUEIROZ PEDRO PAULO DE ANDRADE SANTOS Data: Oct 21, 2020 Show Abstract The aim of this study is to evaluate the correlation between expression of proteins of the ING family and expression of protein p53 in dental follicles, odontogenic keratocysts, adenomatoid odontogenic tumors and ameloblastomas. The sample was intentional and non-probabilistic, consisting of 20 cases of ameloblastomas, 20 cases of adenomatoid odontogenic tumors, 20 cases of odontogenic keratocysts and 10 samples of dental follicles. The specimens were subjected to immunohistochemical method, using antibodies anti-Ing1, anti-Ing2, anti-Ing3, anti-Ing4, anti-Ing5 and anti-p53. Quantitative analysis was performed taking into account the cytoplasmic and / or nuclear location for the ING proteins and the nuclear location for the p53 protein. The data were analyzed by the Statistical Package for Social Sciences for Windows (SPSS version 22.0; IBM, USA). The Kruskal Wallis test was used to compare the immunoexpression between the groups of lesions, and the Spearman test was used to investigate the correlations. Values of p ≤ 0.05 were considered significant. The results of this study showed a reduction in ING3 expression in ameloblastomas (p = 0.003); a reduction in ING4 expression, in odontogenic keratocysts (p = 0.02) and in ameloblastomas (p = 0.001); and a reduction in the ING5 nuclear expression, also in odontogenic keratocysts (p = 0.09) and in ameloblastomas (p = 0.012). Positive correlations were found between p53 nuclear expression with ING1 cytoplasm / nucleus expression (r = 0.603; p = 0.05) in odontogenic keratocysts, and with ING3 cytoplasm / nucleus expression (r = 0.475; p = 0.034) and also ING4 cytoplasm / nucleus expression (r = 0.448; p = 0.047) in ameloblastomas. Finally, this study provided evidence that reduction INGs expressions seems to be an event involved in the etiopathogenesis of more aggressive odontogenic lesions, and that the nuclear / cytoplasmic expression of ING1, ING3 and ING4 is related to the lower p53 expression in odontogenic keratocysts and ameloblastomas, which indicates that these proteins seem to influence the cell cycle in a p53-dependent manner in these lesions.
11	JOSELÚCIA DA NÓBREGA DIAS Title: Effect of variance surface treatments, resin cement and aging time on interfacial characteristics and bonding durability of semi-direct restorations. Advisor : ISAUREMI VIEIRA DE ASSUNCAO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ISAUREMI VIEIRA DE ASSUNCAO ADRIANA DA FONTE PORTO CARREIRO ALEX JOSE SOUZA DOS SANTOS ANA KARINA MACIEL DE ANDRADE ISABELA PINHEIRO CAVALCANTI LIMA Data: Dec 17, 2020 Show Abstract Abstract Introduction: The semi-direct technique can be an excellent treatment option for deep and extensive posterior teeth restorations due to the technical difficulties in the use of direct composite resin, as well as the higher cost and time of treatment of indirect restorations. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different surface treatments, cement types and aging times on the interfacial characteristics and bonding durability of semi-direct restorations. Method: 320 bovine incisors (n = 320) were used, from which 4.0 mm discs were obtained and in its most central portion, a conical cavity preparation with 4.8 mm of over diameter and 2.8 mm of under diameter was made. Samples were divided into 16 groups according to resin cement, surface treatment and aging time: ULT 24hs, ULT + S 24hs, ULT + SB 24hs, ULT + S + SB 24hs, U200 24hs, U200 + S 24hs, U200 + SB 24hs, U200 + S + SB 24hs, ULT 6m, ULT + S 6m, ULT + SB 6m, ULT + S + SB 6m, U200 + S 6m, U200 + SB 6m, U200 + S + SB 6m. The tests performed were: Marginal Adaptation (AM), Nanoleakage (NL) and Push Out Extrusion Bond Strength (BS). Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics using Two Way ANOVA with Tukey Post Hoc (p <0.005). Result: For BS, there was a statistically significant difference between resin cement types, surface treatments and aging times (p <0.005), with the best performance for RelyX Ultimate Cement and the use of SB assurface treatment. In fractographic analysis (PF), RelyX Ultimate Cement presented the highest percentage of mixed failure in both aging times and when used in combination with SB or S + SB as surface treatment. In the evaluation of NL, there was a greater presence of nanoleakage at the base of the restorations in relation to the top. The lowest incidence of nanoleakage was observed when S + SB was used as surface treatment in both aging times and for both resin cements. The data regarding AM are still under analysis and will be presented later. Conclusion: According to the results found in this laboratory study, the use of universal Single Bond as surface treatment and self-etching resin cement (RelyX Ultimate) for semi-direct restorations is suggested.
12	ANA LUÍSA DE BARROS PASCOAL Influence of the abutment on tissue conditioning and the satisfaction of patients rehabilitated with single prostheses on implants: a clinical trial. Advisor : PATRICIA DOS SANTOS CALDERON COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ANA CLARA SOARES PAIVA TORRES BRUNO CESAR DE VASCONCELOS GURGEL GUSTAVO AUGUSTO SEABRA BARBOSA PATRICIA DOS SANTOS CALDERON RANIEL FERNANDES PEIXOTO Data: Dec 18, 2020 Show Abstract Objective: Evaluate objectively and subjectively the influence of prosthetic abutment on esthetic of single implants. Materials and Methods: A blind, non-randomized controlled trial was performed. Fourteen implants were provisionally rehabilitated with a titanium prefabricated prosthetic component (GT) and 10 implants with a provisional preparable prosthetic component (GP). In both groups, tissue conditioning (TC) was performed using the non-surgical gradual pressure technique and peri-implant aesthetics were assessed before and after this process, using the Pink Esthetic Score (PES). PES was also applied on homologous tooth of rehabilitation. Aesthetic satisfaction was analyzed using the visual analog scale (EVA) after the conditioning process. Clinical data on the gingival mucosa were also collected. Results: Peri-implant aesthetics before and after TC, as well as patient satisfaction was similar between groups, p> 0.05. Significant differences were found for PES values before and after TC, and for comparison with the homologous tooth in both groups, p <0.05. The tissue conditioning process was not influenced by the implantation time, loading time and peri-implant biotype, p> 0.05. Conclusion: The prosthetic intermediary did not influence neither the tissue conditioning process nor patient satisfaction. The tissue conditioning step is able to improve the peri-implant aesthetic results, however, the gingival aesthetics of the natural teeth is still significantly greater.
13	SILVANO SANTOS PINHEIRO THREE-DIMENSIONAL ASSESSMENT OF THE UPPER AIRWAYS IN PATIENTS SUBMITTED TO ORTHOGNACTIC SURGERY Advisor : ADRIANO ROCHA GERMANO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ADRIANO ROCHA GERMANO JOSE SANDRO PEREIRA DA SILVA RIEDEL FROTA SÁ NOGUEIRA NEVES EIDER GUIMARÃES BASTOS LUIS RAIMUNDO SERRA RABELO Data: Dec 31, 2020 Show Abstract The purpose of this work was to analyze the three-dimensional changes in the upper airway after orthognathic surgery procedures. Pre (T1) and postoperative (T2) CT scans were used, standardizing craniometric points that served as a reference, to analyze linear and volumetric changes of different areas in the upper airway. Twenty-two patients were included in the study, having undergone bimaxillary surgery with alteration of the occlusal plane. All cases were planned virtually, and the Dolphin Imaging software (version 11.9) was used for linear measurements, as well as the calculation of the area of the total upper area, its 3 subdivisions and the region of greatest constriction. Comparing the changes in the airway segments pre and post in ST2 and ST3, there were no statistically significant differences for the clockwise (GH) and anti-clockwise (GAH) turns. However, it was clear an increase in the airway in its entirety. The averages of the ST2DPRE and ST3DPRE segments were higher when compared to the post, despite the total 3D airway increase in the post. In the evaluation of points B and Pg, statistical significance was found for GH and GAH, with higher values for AH direction. In the evaluation of our cases, there was no significant influence of point A in the airways. There was a positive correlation between the pre and post constriction value and the total pre and post 3D value.

2019

	Dissertations
1	PRISCILA SILVA ABRANTES Efficacy of carbamide and hydrogen peroxides to bleach teeth in-office and tooth sensitivity: a randomized, controlled, double blinded split mouth clinical trial with 6 month follow-up Advisor : BONIEK CASTILLO DUTRA BORGES COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ALEX JOSE SOUZA DOS SANTOS BONIEK CASTILLO DUTRA BORGES LUANA MARIA MARTINS DE AQUINO Data: Jun 19, 2019 Show Abstract PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of 37% carbamide peroxide used for office technique compared to 35% hydrogen peroxide. METHODS: Controlled, randomized, double-blind, split-mouth, 45 volunteers participated in two groups, G1 control group: side that used 35% hydrogen peroxide and G2 experimental group: side that used 37% carbamide peroxide. The volunteers underwent three bleaching sessions with 35% hydrogen peroxide and 37% carbamide peroxide in a single application of 40 minutes and a seven day interval between each session. Sensitivity values were obtained with the visual analog pain scale. Color was measured before and after each bleaching session. Statistical analysis was performed using the paired Student T test and ANOVA 2 factors with Tukey test. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference between the immediate global sensitivity of hydrogen peroxide when compared to carbamide peroxide (p<0.05), between bleaching gels for color changes in the same time period (p <0,05). CONCLUSION: Dental bleaching in the office using 37% carbamide peroxide resulted in a reduction in the level of tooth sensitivity without compromising clinical efficacy related to color and long term duration when compared to 35% hydrogen peroxide.
2	ISABELLE HELENA GURGEL DE CARVALHO INFLUENCE OF DIFERENTE FINISHING AND POLISHING TECHNIQUES ON FLEXURAL STRENGTH OF ULTRATRANSLUCENT ZIRCONIA AFTER IN SITU AGING. Advisor : RODRIGO OTHAVIO DE ASSUNCAO E SOUZA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : PATRICIA DOS SANTOS CALDERON RENATA MARQUES DE MELO RODRIGO OTHAVIO DE ASSUNCAO E SOUZA Data: Jun 25, 2019 Show Abstract Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of different protocols of finishing and aging in situ on flexural strength and surface topography of ultratranslucent zirconia. Methodology: 240 zirconia bars (UT: Prettau Anterior/Ultratranslucent, zirkonzahn, Gais, Italy) were cut, polished and sintered, presenting final dimensions of 1,0 x 2 x 8mm, and 0,5 x 2 x 8mm. The bars were divided among 16 groups (n=15) in accordance to three factors “in situ aging”– 2 levels (With and Withouth “E”), “thickness” – 2 levels (1- 1 mm or 05- 0,5mm) and “Finishing and Polishing” – 4 levels (C- Control, B- Rubber polishing; P- grinding with burs; PB- grinding with burs + polishing;). The bars were submitted to mini flexure three points test (1mm/min, load cell 100 kgf). Two samples of each group were prepared to the topographical analysis on Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and surface roughness. For the cell adhesion assay, six blocks of ultratranslucent zirconia (2.5 x 2.5 mm), of each group were contaminated with the C. albicans (ATCC 90028) for counting the colony forming units (CFU / mL). The mechanical test results were analyzed using ANOVA (3 factors) and Tukey (5%); and the cell adhesion assay data by the Kruskal Wallis test (5%. Results: ANOVA (3 factors) revealed that only the "Finishing and Polishing" factor was statistically significant for mini-flexure strength (p = 0.0001). The finishing and polishing with rubber polishers improved the mini-flexure strength in relation to the control group and was superior to the other techniques tested. On the other hand, grindind only with a diamond burs produced the smallest mini-flexure strength (B: 476.40A Mpa> C: 420.92B Mpa> PB: 329.33C Mpa> P: 269.88D). Conclusion: The adjustment of ultratranslucent zirconia monolithic should preferably be performed with rubber polishers. Grinding with diamonds burs should be avoided or be followed by rubber polishers to minimize the mechanical properties damages.
3	ANA ROBERTA ASSUNÇÃO DE FREITAS SURFACE EVALUATION OF ZIRCONIA MILLED BY CAD/CAM TECHNOLOGY Advisor : PATRICIA DOS SANTOS CALDERON COMMITTEE MEMBERS : LUANA MARIA MARTINS DE AQUINO PATRICIA DOS SANTOS CALDERON RODRIGO OTHAVIO DE ASSUNCAO E SOUZA Data: Jun 25, 2019 Show Abstract Objective: to evaluate the influence of diamond burs wear used to mill zirconia structures by the CAD/CAM system on the zirconia surface. Methods: 201 specimens were milled, using pre-sintered zirconia blocks, with dimensions of 8mm in diameter x 1,5mm in height by means of CAD/CAM technology (Amann Girrbach, Koblach-Austria). The sample milling process was performed using a set of three diamond burs, which were used until the end of useful life of 1.0 diamond bur, controlled by CAD/CAM system. After the milling process, the sintering process was carried out, followed by the polishing process, using mounted stones. The diamond burs were evaluated in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) before and after the milling process. Samples were also evaluated in SEM after the milling process. In addition, the surface roughness of the samples was evaluated using a non-contact optical profilometer to assess their topographic characteristics. Results: the SEM analysis of the diamond burs showed that at the end of the milling process, the diamonds of active zone were reduced. The SEM evaluation of the specimens showed similar surface grooves characteristics from the first to the last specimen. Optical microscopy revealed a Ra variation of 0.47 to 2.48 μm, with a mean roughness of 1.60 μm. Conclusion: The wear of the diamond burs during the milling process did not influence the surface roughness of the zirconia. However, the surface roughness obtained by the CAD/CAM milling process exceed the clinical acceptability threshold (0.2 μm).
4	ANDRESSA EVELINE DE LIMA RIBEIRO EVALUATION OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES IN EXTENSIVE CAVITIES RESTORED BY DIFFERENT RESTORATIVE TECHNIQUES Advisor : ISAUREMI VIEIRA DE ASSUNCAO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ISAUREMI VIEIRA DE ASSUNCAO ALEX JOSE SOUZA DOS SANTOS ISABELA PINHEIRO CAVALCANTI LIMA Data: Jun 26, 2019 Show Abstract INTRODUCTION: Restorativetechniquesmake a fundamental role in theclinicallongevityofrestorations, especially in extensivecompositeresincavities. OBJECTIVE: The purposeofthisstudywastoevaluatethemechanicalbehaviorofdifferentrestorativetechniques in extensivecavities. METHODS: A total of 120 bovineincisiveswereused, wherethepulpcavitywasprepared in a conicalformat, with a depthof4mm, performedwith a Maxicuttip in ordertostandardizethesamples. Theyweredividedinto 6 groups: G1: Directtechniquewithbulk fillresin 24hs; G2: Semidirecttechniqueresin Z250XT 24hs; G3: Directtechniquewith Z250XT resin 24hs; G4: Directtechniquewith bulk fillresin 6 months; G5: Semidirecttechniqueresin Z250XT 6 months; G6: Directtechniquewith Z250XT resin 24hs. The testsperformedwere: VickersMicrohardness (VM), nanoleakage (NK) andbondstrength (BS). The data wereanalyzedthroughdescriptiveandinferentialstatisticsusingOne Way ANOVA andTukey'sTwo Way ANOVA with Post Hoc. RESULTS: For BS, therewas a statisticallysignificantdifferencebetweenthedifferentrestorativetechniques (p <0.005), andtherewas no significantdifference in aging time (p> 0.005). For VM, a statisticallysignificantdifferencewasobservedbetweenthe single andconventional incremental techniques, withbetterresults for theconventionaltechnique (p <0.005). At NK, thesemidirecttechniquedidnot show concentrationofsilvercrystalsattheadhesive interface, thusdemonstratingbetterresultsthanconventionaland single filltechniques. CONCLUSION: Comparingtheconventionalrestorativetechniquewiththesemidirectrestorativetechnique, thefirstoneobtainedbetterresults in relationtomicrohardnessandthe semidireta techniqueobtainedbetterresults in thetestsofbondstrengthandnanoinfiltration.
5	THAÍS OLIVEIRA CORDEIRO EFFECT OF SPONDIA MOMBIN (CAJA) LEAF EXTRACT ON THE SURFACE OF HUMAN TEETH Advisor : RUTHINEIA DIOGENES ALVES UCHOA LINS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : EMANUELLE DAYANA VIEIRA DANTAS RUTHINEIA DIOGENES ALVES UCHOA LINS SILVANA MARIA ZUCOLOTTO LANGASSNER Data: Jun 27, 2019 Show Abstract INTRODUCTION: Phytotherapy aims to prevent and cure diseases or minimize their symptoms. It presents advantages as an affordable cost to the population and public health services as well as great availability of raw material. It also has a wide spectrum of pharmacological actions that include, among others, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anxiolytic and healing activities. OBJECTIVE: To investigate tooth surface changes regarding cajá (Spondias mombin L.) extract. METHOD: Thirty human teeth were sectioned (6.0 x 6.0 mm) preserving the proximal surfaces. Dental fragments were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =10 per group) according to the substances: hydroethanolic extract (31,25 mg/ml), 0.12% chlorhexidine and distilled water. Each fragment was immersed in the respective substance for 1 minute, twice daily for 14 days. Before and after the immersion, color analysis, wettability, roughness (Ra) and morphology as well as the pH levels of the substances were investigated. Data were analyzed statistically by means of ANOVA (one and two factors) and Tukey test for multiple comparisons. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference between color in the different substances. Cajá extract and 0.12% chlorhexidine presented significant differences (p <0.001), while distilled water showed no statistical differences (p> 0.005). Regarding wettability, there was no statistically significant difference between Cajá extract (p>0.005), 0.12% chlorhexidine, and distilled water (p>0.005). For roughnes, there was no statistically significant difference between the analyzed substances (p>0.0005). In addition, there was no statistically significant difference between the substances and immersion time (p <0.0001). The mean pH of the hydroethanolic extract of cajá and 0.12% chlorhexidine is 2.95 and 6.5, respectively. CONCLUSION: pH of the extract of S.mombin L. is acid of the chlorhexidine is neutral. The wettability of the hydroethanolic extract of cajá was as good as 0.12% chlorhexidine. Color changes were observed after the immersion in hydroethanolic extract of cajá and 0.12% chlorhexidine. Roughness of the analyzed dental fragments remained unchanged after the immersion protocols. Scanning electron microscopy showed no difference in the enamel surface between the solutions tested.
6	JESSYKA VIVIANE ANDRADE DIAS INFLUENCE OF THE ADDITION OF DIPHENYLIODONIUM IN PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF A RESIN-MODIFIED CALCIUM HYDROXIDE CEMENT Advisor : BONIEK CASTILLO DUTRA BORGES COMMITTEE MEMBERS : BONIEK CASTILLO DUTRA BORGES EMANUELLE DAYANA VIEIRA DANTAS MARILIA REGALADO GALVAO RABELO CALDAS Data: Jun 28, 2019 Show Abstract Objective: To evaluate the influence of the addition of a polymerization catalyst (diphenyl iodonium hexafluorophosphate - DFI) to a resin-modified calcium hydroxide cement in physical and biological properties. Materials and methods: Ultra-Blend plus calcium hydroxide cement was used. For inclusion of DFI, four groups were created according to different concentrations: control group (G0) without inclusion of DFI; addition of 2% DFI (G1); addition of 4% (G2) and 8% DFI (G3). The degree of conversion (DC), polymerization depth (PD), water sorption and solubility, hydroxyl release (HR), flexural strength (FS) and elastic modulus (EM) were evaluated. Cytotoxicity will be evaluated further. Data were analyzed using one/two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (p <0.05). Results: For DC, the percentages of 2% and 8% presented the highest values, while 0% and 4% were statistically similar. For PP 8% was highlighted between the groups. For FS, the 2% group presented greater FS, while the groups with 4% and 8% were statistically similar. In EM, the percentages of 2% and 8% were statistically higher in the 4% group and the 0% in the lowest group. In the Sorption, the values were expressed in a similar way, whereas in Solubility the percentage of 0% was significantly greater than the other groups. In LH, the groups were statistically similar. Conclusion: The groups with the addition of DPI had the physical and biological properties superior to the control group. The concentration of 2% was better for most of the properties analyzed.
7	MARCELA LETÍCIA DA SILVA AZEVEDO Efficacy of adjuvant photodynamic therapy in the treatment of patients with periodontitis using two distinct photosensitizers: chloro-aluminum phthalocyanine and methylene blue Advisor : ANA RAFAELA LUZ DE AQUINO MARTINS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ANA RAFAELA LUZ DE AQUINO MARTINS EULER MACIEL DANTAS BRUNA RAFAELA MARTINS DOS SANTOS Data: Jun 28, 2019 Show Abstract Different photosensitizers have been proposed in the use of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT). In addition, aPDT has been suggested as a possible adjuvant to basic periodontal therapy. Objective: to evaluate the efficacy of adjuvant aPDT to the basic periodontal treatment of periodontal clinical parameters in patients with periodontitis using two photosensitizers: Chlorine-Aluminum Phthalocyanine (AlClPc) and Methylene Blue (MB). Material and Methods: this randomized, double - blind, parallel trial evaluated 35 patients: 9 in the control group (SRP only), 15 in the test group 1 (SRP + aPDT - AlClPc) and 11 in the test group 2 (SRP + aPDT - MB). Each patient had between 2 or 3 diseased periodontal sites (PS≥5mm), in a total of 117 sites. The aPDT for the two test groups was applied once only after the completion of the SRP sessions. Visible plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), depth of probing (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) were evaluated before treatment at T0 and after 3 months (T3) times and 6 months (T6). For the intragroup analysis, a Kruskall Wallis test was performed, and the applied test was Mann-Whitney; already for intergroup analysis, Friedman's test was applied with post-test of Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney.
8	MARINA BOZZINI PAIES CHRONIC EFFECT OF HIGH POWER LED IN WISTAR RATS RETINA Advisor : SERGEI GODEIRO FERNANDES RABELO CALDAS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : EMANUEL BRAGA REGO FERNANDO VAGNER LOBO LADD SERGEI GODEIRO FERNANDES RABELO CALDAS Data: Jun 28, 2019 Show Abstract Introduction:The increase in the power of light-emitting diode (LED) light cure has contributed to reduce the bonding time of orthodontic brackets. However, the effect of the LED on the retina of those who make the chronic use of light units without using protection filters is unknown. Objective:To evaluate the possible effects of the chronic use of a high power LED light curing device on the retinas of Wistar rats. Material and methods:In this experimental study in vivo, six healthy male rats were used in the research, with their ocular structures being the objects of study. The left eyes of the animals were exposed to high potency LED light, 3200mW / cm2 (Valo Ortho - Ultradent), for 144 seconds at a distance of 30cm, three times a day, for 7 days. The right eyes were covered with removable and opaque PVC tampon, composing the control sample. On the eighth day, the animals were anesthetized, euthanized, the eyes dissected and histologically processed. The slides were scanned using a camera coupled to an optical microscope and their images analyzed stereologically and histomorphometrically. Results:There were no statistically significant intergroup differences in total retinal volume (p = 0.655) or in the volume of the retinal layers ganglionic (p = 0.375), internal plexiform (p = 0.327), internal nuclear (p = 0.693), external plexiform (p = 0,177), external nuclear (p = 0.355) and the extension of cones and rods (p = 0.871), when evaluated individually. The histomorphometric analyzes presented statistically significant differences for the cellular areas of the internal and external nuclear layers and ganglionic layer (p <0.05), although the numerical density did not present this statistically significant difference. Conclusion:Despite the great variability of the data, the risk of retinal damage from eye chronic exposure to high power LED light is possible and emphasizes the need for glasses and/or individual UV protection filter.
9	MARINA CASTRO LEMMOS LOPES CARDOSO RADIOMORFOMETRIC INDICATORS AND THE RISK OF OSTEOPOROTIC FRACTURE IN ELDERLY Advisor : PATRICIA TEIXEIRA DE OLIVEIRA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : PATRICIA TEIXEIRA DE OLIVEIRA ANA MIRYAM COSTA DE MEDEIROS PATRÍCIA MEIRA BENTO Data: Jun 28, 2019 Show Abstract One of the main causes of mortality and morbidity in individuals aged 60 years and over is bone fracture as a consequence of osteoporosis. It is known that low bone mineral density (BMD) is a risk factor for these fractures, with bone densitometry being the gold standard test for the diagnosis of BMD. Since the exam is expensive and not accessible for most of the Brazilian population, alternative methods such as radiomorphometric indices obtained by the panoramic radiographs analysis have been used to aid in the early identification of the low BMD, acting as a possible screening of patients with high risk of osteoporotic bone fracture. In this perspective, this research aimed to evaluate the risk of bone fracture in the elderly through the validated FRAX (fracture risk assessment tool) algorithm, as well as to measure the radiomorphometric indices in panoramic related to the BMD of these patients. It is an observational cross-sectional and association study, in which the association between the radiomorphometric indices and the FRAX tool. The sample consisted of elderly men and women who underwent digital panoramic radiograph at the Dental Imaging Service of the Department of Dentistry of UFRN, through which the radiomorphometric indexes were evaluated by an experienced radiologist. A clinical questionnaire was applied, verified weight and height, and calculated the risk of osteoporotic bone fracture. In the sample of 70 elderly, the median age was 68.5, there was a predominance of women in the sample (67.1%), the median risk of major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) was 4,2 (%),hip fracture (HF) risk was 1.3 (%),the mental index (MI) had a mean of 3.29 mm. The mean of panoramic mandibular index was 0.40 and the most prevalent cortical qualitative classification was moderate erosion (C2), in 57.1% of the cases. The intraclass correlation (ICC) performed with the panoramic radiographs exhibited high agreement. Through the Pearson's correlation test it was verified that MI, age of menopause and time of menopause were correlated with the risk of MOF.The time of Menopause also correlated with HF risk. The other independent variables analyzed by the Mann-Whitney test showed no association with the risks of MOF and HF. The results allow to conclude that mandibular cortices with thinner thicknesses measured on panoramic radiographs by radiologists, can perform as a radiographic finding for higher risks of osteoporotic bone fracture in the elderly attended at the Department of Dentistry of UFRN.
10	GURGIANE RODRIGUES GURGEL LESSA EFFECT OF THE USE OF TERMOGENICS ON ORTHODONTIC MOVEMENT: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY IN RATS Advisor : RUTHINEIA DIOGENES ALVES UCHOA LINS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : RUTHINEIA DIOGENES ALVES UCHOA LINS AURIGENA ANTUNES DE ARAUJO PATRICIA BITTENCOURT DUTRA DOS SANTOS Data: Jun 30, 2019 Show Abstract Introduction: That caffeine boosts metabolism, it is much more that substance-based thermogenics have an influence on an orthodontic loading rate. Objective: to evaluate the effect of two thermogenic brands on orthodontic load in rats. Methodology: This is an experimental, in vivo, randomized study, with a descriptive and inferential basis. Wistar rats (Ratus norvegicus albinus) were healthy and healthy 7 days old, between 7 and 12 weeks of age, in which they remained on the left side during the first ten days of the week on the left side during the 21 day period . The rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: Control group snoring; Experimental group Thermogenic PRÉ-HD-Ratos submitted to orthodontic and daily dose of thermogenesis PR-HD and Experimental Group Thermogenic C4- Orthodontic rats and daily dose of thermogenesis C4.A analysis of orthodontic dynamics was done obtaining the difference of distance (1 mm) of the distal of the 1st molar left superior, of the superior mesial of the same side, of the cervical measurement in the cervical region, with the aid of a compass with a dry tip. Results: were not totally activated statistically between the thermogenic groups C4, thermogenic PRE-HD and the control group water as to the amount of orthodontic load. (p> 0.005). In relation to the open-field test, the results were statistically significant (p <0.0001) among the groups for the variables: Ambulatory Movements, movements in suspension, number of jumps, distance traveled, speed of travel, and center and on the edges. Conclusion: The use of thermogenics does not influence
11	ALEXANDRE PIRES SILVA Frequency of Peri-implant Diseases and Prosthetic Conditions in Subjects Rehabilitated with Osseointegrated Implants. Advisor : BRUNO CESAR DE VASCONCELOS GURGEL COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ANA RAFAELA LUZ DE AQUINO MARTINS BRUNO CESAR DE VASCONCELOS GURGEL LUANA MARIA MARTINS DE AQUINO Data: Jul 1, 2019 Show Abstract Objective: To determine the frequencies of periodontal and peri-implant conditions as well evaluate the prosthetic conditions in subjects who were underwent to the rehabilitation treatment with dental implants at Department of Dentistry in Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte in the last 18 years, after an interval of seven years that they were attended. Methodology: A longitudinal study was performed in which 155 patients underwent periodontal and peri-implant clinical exams in 2012 (baseline). Seven years later, 35 patients returned to a new evaluation of the following parameters: plaque and gingival b indexes, periodontal and peri-implant bleeding, periodontal probing on pocket depth and peri-implant probing, gingival retraction, clinical attachment level, keratinized mucosa, implant mobility, suppuration and radiographic examination was performed to observe the presence of supracrestal exposure of the implant threads and misfits between implant/abutment and abutment/prosthesis. Regarding the prosthetic conditions, the type of prosthesis, fixation, design and defects that appeared during the evaluation interval were evaluated. The association between the independent variables and the dependent variable was evaluated using the Pearson's Chi-square test and the Fisher's exact test, at a significance level of 95%. Results: The frequency of periodontal diseases was 34.3% for gingivitis and 51.4% for periodontitis. Peri-implant mucositis was the most frequent diagnosis (54.3%) and peri-implantitis presented a frequency of 28.6%. The most frequent prosthetic defects were porcelain fracture (11.4%), screw loosening (8.6%), loss of retention (8.6%) and loss of screw coverage resin (8.6%). Conclusion: Periodontal and peri-implant maintenance therapies are extremely important for the patient, as long as the time interval between clinical appointments is reduced, in order to reduce the chance of periodontal / peri-implant disease or prosthetic failure and improve the condition of the patient.
12	MARIANA CABRAL MORENO EFFECT OF THERMOGENIC SUBSTANCES ON BEHAVIOR AND ORTHODONTIC MOVEMENT IN RATS: AN IN VIVOEXPERIMENTAL STUDY Advisor : HALLISSA SIMPLICIO GOMES PEREIRA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : CARLOS AUGUSTO GALVAO BARBOZA HALLISSA SIMPLICIO GOMES PEREIRA PATRICIA BITTENCOURT DUTRA DOS SANTOS Data: Jul 4, 2019 Show Abstract INTRODUCTION: The thermogenic supplement presents high concentration of caffeine as the main substance associated with other compounds; accelerates the basal metabolism and assists in burning body fat/weight loss. However, the evidence is still non-existent regarding its effect on orthodontic movement (OM). PURPOSE: To elucidate the effect of thermogenic C4 Beta Pump and caffeine on the behavior, amount of tooth movement, root resorption and bone remodeling in rats submitted to OM. METHODS: In this experimental study in vivo, 36 healthy male Wistar rats (Ratus norvegicus albinus) between 10-12 weeks, 200-320g were used. They will be submitted to MO (closed spring of nickel-titanium activated between 1st molar and upper incisors of the left side) and daily administration of the substances by gavage for 21 days. They will be distributed in three groups of 12 animals: control group (CG) - submitted to OM and water; experimental group 1 (G1) - submitted to OM and thermogenic C4; experimental group 2 (G2) - submitted to OM and caffeine. The open field test will be used in the four-stroke behavioral evaluation: baseline (T0), after placement of the springs (T1), after the first gavage (T2), after 21 days (T3). The amount of OM will be verified through a digital caliper and micro computed tomography (µCT). For root resorption will be used tartrate resistant acid phosphatase staining (TRAP) for osteoclast counting. As for bone remodeling will be performed immunohistochemical analysis for monoclonal antibodies from rats to Osteoprotegerin (OPG), RANK, RANK-L, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α. Then the ANOVA statistical test a factor will be used at a significance level of 5%.
13	ALIANE DA SILVA BEZERRA SHORT-TERM EFFECT OF LASER ACUPUNCTURE ON PAIN, ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION OF PATIENTS WITH TEMPOROMANDIBULAR DISORDER: RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TEST Advisor : ERIKA OLIVEIRA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ERIKA OLIVEIRA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS LAERCIO ALMEIDA DE MELO LUANA MARIA MARTINS DE AQUINO Data: Aug 15, 2019 Show Abstract Objective: To evaluate the short-term effect of laser acupuncture compared with counseling, occlusal plaque, and physiotherapy treatments on pain, anxiety, and depression in TMD patients. Methods: A randomized clinical trial was performed with patients with TMD, diagnosed by the TMD (RDC / TMD). 60 patients were randomly allocated to four distinct groups: counseling (AC), Occlusal Plaque (PO), physical therapy (PF) and laser acupuncture (LA) and were evaluated at baseline, and at 1 month after therapy. To evaluate anxiety, HADS, BAI, and STAI were used. For depression was BDI and HADS. For pain, VAS was used. The Kruskal-Wallis test with a 95% confidence level was used for intergroup analysis. The Mann-Whitney post-test, to verify where was the difference found between the groups. And the Wilcoxon signed rank test for analysis between the times analyzed. Results: There was a significant reduction in pain symptomatology between the PF versus AC (p = 0.004) and PF versus LA (p = 0.006) groups. Regarding anxiety symptoms, there was a statistically significant reduction over time only in the FP group, by the BAI (p = 0.09) and by the STAI-E (p = 0.042). In depressive parameters there was a statistically significant difference over time by BDI in the PO (p = 0.044) and LA (p = 0.009) groups. Between groups there was a statistically significant difference by BDI, between PO versus LA (p = 0.004), and PF versus LA (p = 0.005). And by HADS, between FP versus LA (p = 0.012). Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study, it can be concluded that laser acupuncture was not effective in reducing the painful symptoms, anxiety symptoms and depressive parameters of patients diagnosed with TMD.
14	KAREN OLIVEIRA PEIXOTO SHORT-TERM EFFECT OF CRANIOPUNCTURE ON PAIN, SLEEP DISTURBANCES AND QUALITY OF LIFE, IN PATIENTS WITH TEMPOROMANDIBULAR DYSFUNCTION: RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL Advisor : GUSTAVO AUGUSTO SEABRA BARBOSA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : GUSTAVO AUGUSTO SEABRA BARBOSA LAERCIO ALMEIDA DE MELO LUANA MARIA MARTINS DE AQUINO Data: Aug 19, 2019 Show Abstract Introduction: Scalp acupuncture, a form of acupuncture, has been incorporated in the treatment of various pathologies, mainly for the relief of chronic pain. However, there are currently no studies on its use in TMD, the main condition of chronic orofacial pain. Objective: To evaluate the effects of Chinese scalp acupuncture in patients diagnosed with TMD regarding sleep, quality of life and pain. As well, as compare their results to traditional therapies. Methods: Sixty patients diagnosed with TMD through RDC / TMD (Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders) were allocated into four treatment groups: Counseling (CO=15), oclusal splint (SO=15), scalp acupuncture (SA=15) and manual therapy (TM=15). The SA group was conducted in 8 sessions, two per week, for four weeks. After one month of treatment participants were reevaluated. The PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) was applied regarding sleep disorders, World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-bref) regarding quality of life and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain. The data obtained were analyzed using the SPSS 22.0 (Statistical Package for the Social Science) program. Results: The SA group significantly reduced pain-related parameters (p = 0.015), as well as the SO (p = 0.01) and TM (p = 0.014) groups after 30 days of treatment. The SA group also improved sleep through PSQI, however only the SO (p = 0.002) and TM groups (p = 0.029) significantly improved. Regarding WHOQOL the SA group improved the quality of life in all parameters analyzed, but this result was not significant, similar to the other groups in which only the physical domain of WHOQOL significantly improved in the TM group (p = 0.011), as well as the psychological domain in the SO group (p = 0.012). The CO group did not present satisfactory results in the analyzed period. No group was superior to the SA group for the analyzed variables. Conclusion: Craniopuncture provided positive results in short-term TMD patients regarding all variables analyzed, significantly reducing pain. Their results were similar to those of occlusal plate and physiotherapy, and were not inferior to any of the treatments. Therefore, it is a good alternative to conventional treatments. Further studies are needed.
15	CAROLINA GOMES DE MENEZES CYCLICAL FATIGUE RESISTANCE OF RECIPROCANT INSTRUMENTS MANUFACTURED WITH NICKEL-TITANIUM ALLOYS SUBMITTED TO DIFFERENT THERMAL TREATMENTS Advisor : FABIO ROBERTO DAMETTO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : FABIO ROBERTO DAMETTO REJANE ANDRADE DE CARVALHO VICTOR TALARICO LEAL VIEIRA Data: Sep 6, 2019 Show Abstract Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the resistance in cyclic fatigue of three types of single file reciprocating systems: WaveOne Gold Primary (25 / 0.07), WA1 file (25 / 0.07) and X1 Blue (25 / 0.06), made of nickel-titanium alloys with different surface thermal treatments, and compare Reciproc All and WaveOne All programs, regarding the fatigue life of the three systems tested. Methods: A sample of sixty instruments measuring 25 mm long, with a D0 diameter of 0.25 mm and an approximate conicity of 0,07 mm/mm, was divided into two groups. Each group contained thirty instruments, being ten of each mechanized system. One group was tested in the Reciproc All program and the other one in the WaveOne All of the Silver Reciproc motor (VDW). The resistance to Cyclic fatigue was tested by measuring the time and number of cycles which the instrument performed in an extremely curved stainless steel artificial channel (angle 86° and 6 mm radius) until fracture was reached. The fractured surfaces of the fragments of three instruments, one of each system, randomly chosen in each group, were examined with a scanning electron microscope. The results were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the F and Turkey tests with significance levels of 5%. Results: The 1 File instrument had a longer fatigue life, both in the Reciproc All program and in the WaveOne All program, than the other two systems tested (p < 0.05). WaveOne Gold Primary presented a cyclic fatigue life longer than the X1 Blue file in the two tested programs (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The WA1 instrument presented higher resistance to cyclic fatigue in severely curved channels when used in both Reciproc All and WaveOne All programs than WaveOne Gold Primary and X1 Blue File systems. The Reciproc All program presented better results for life cycle in rotating flexion for the three reciprocating systems tested when compared to the WaveOne All program.
16	KATIANNE SOARES RODRIGUES Immunohistochemical analysis of SHH, SMO and GLI-1 proteins in benign lesions of the odontogenic epithelium Advisor : ROSEANA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : CYNTIA HELENA PEREIRA DE CARVALHO LEAO PEREIRA PINTO ROSEANA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS Data: Oct 24, 2019 Show Abstract The odontogenic cysts and tumors represent heterogeneous groups of lesions that affect the gnatic bones and which have not yet fully clarified pathogenesis. Therefore, several studies have been developed in order to analyze if deregulation in some signaling pathways would be related to the development and progression of these lesions. Among the studied pathways, we highlight the Sonic Hedgehog pathway, which plays an important role in the embryonic development of the dental organ and is mutated in some cancers. The aim of the present study was to analyze and compare the immunohistochemical expression of proteins involved in the Sonic Hedgehog signaling pathway (SHH, SMO and GLI-1) in odontogenic keratocysts (OK), ameloblastomas (AMB) and adenomatoid odontogenic tumors (AOT). Protein immunoexpression was semi-quantitatively evaluated in each case studied and the data were subjected to statistical analysis using the Kruskal-Wallis (KW), Mann-Whitney (U) and Spearman (r) tests, with the significance level set at 5% (p <0.05). When analyzing SHH protein in the three lesions, it was observed that AMB showed significantly higher membrane/ cytoplasmic expression compared to AOT and OK. Regarding the membrane/cytoplasmic analysis of the SMO, no differences were identified between the lesions studied. For GLI-1 protein, statistically significant differences were found at nuclear level for AMB and OK compared to AOT. In addition, positive correlations with statistical significance were observed between cytoplasmic GLI-1 and nuclear GLI-1 for AMB and OK, and between membrane/cytoplasmic SMO and cytoplasmic GLI-1 for AOT and OK. The results of the present study confirm the participation of this signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of the lesions studied and the overexpression of SHH in AMBs and nuclear GLI-1 in AMBs and OKs, indicating that these proteins contribute to the more aggressive biological behavior of these two lesions when compared to AOT.
17	FRANCISCO LEONARDO DA SILVA JUNIOR EFFECTIVENESS OF ILIB MODIFIED IN PERIODONTAL CLINICAL PARAMETERS AND GLYCEMIC CONTROL IN PATIENTS WITH PERIODONTITIS AND TYPE II DIABETES Advisor : ANA RAFAELA LUZ DE AQUINO MARTINS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ANA RAFAELA LUZ DE AQUINO MARTINS EULER MACIEL DANTAS DALIANA QUEIROGA DE CASTRO GOMES Data: Nov 18, 2019 Show Abstract Periodontitis and type II diabetes are chronic and worldwide high prevalent conditions with a bidirectional relationship between them. Due to this relationship, the proposition of auxiliary therapies for the treatment of periodontitis in diabetic patients, including the low-intensity laser, is a reality. The low-intensity laser is attached to a bracelet over the radial artery to radiate the blood cells through the technique called modified ILIB (Intravascular Laser Irradiation of Blood), aiming the control of the plasma glucose and chronic inflammatory processes. Therefore, this research evaluated the efficacy of the modified ILIB in improving clinical periodontal parameters, such as HbA1c and fasting blood glucose of patients with periodontitis and type II diabetes on a randomized, double-blinded, longitudinal clinical study. The sample included 21 patients distributed in two groups. The control group (CG) received conventional periodontal treatment (scaling and root planning, and oral hygiene guidance), and the test group (TG) received conventional periodontal treatment and 10 laser applications through the modified ILIB technique. The PI and GBI hygiene indexes, the clinical periodontal parameters BoP, PD, CAL, the fasting blood glucose levels and HbA1c were evaluated at the baseline and after 4 months (T4) of treatment for both groups. There were no differences at the intergroup and intragroup comparisons (p>0.05) for the analysis of Hb1AC blood parameters and fasting blood glucose. Concerning to the periodontal parameters, the intragroup analysis showed a significant decay (p<0.05) for the PI, BoP, PD, and CAL indexes between the baseline and T4, however, the intergroup analysis showed no differences between CG and TG (p>0.05) for all the indexes compared. Thus, based on the results is possible to state that the modified ILIB do not improved the glycemic control and the periodontal treatment on type II diabetes patients.
18	CAMILA ATAIDE REBOUCAS MARINHO EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PRODESIGN LOGIC RT, PRO R RETREATMENT AND XP-ENDO FINISHER INSTRUMENTS FOR TEETH SUBMITTED TO ENDODONTIC RETREATMENT Advisor : FABIO ROBERTO DAMETTO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : FABIO ROBERTO DAMETTO NORBERTO BATISTA DE FARIA JUNIOR REINALDO DIAS DA SILVA NETO Data: Dec 10, 2019 Show Abstract To improve the efficiency and success of endodontic retreatment, nickel-titanium (NiTi) systems have been developed to provide greater elastic flexibility compared to conventional files. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate and compare morphological changes resulting from the removal of obturator material during endodontic retreatment in severely curved root canals, with Pro R Retreatment (MKlife), Easy ProDesign Logic RT (Easy Dental Equipment) and XP-Endo Finisher (FKG Dentaire). Occurrence of apical canal transportation, centring ability, volume of remaining obturator material was evaluated by comparing the images of the root canals obtained in the microtomograph before and after the clearance. Time was measured with the aid of a stopwatch during the laboratory procedure. The sample of this study consists of 38 curved mesial roots of manibular molars that were initially analyzed in the microtomograph, to enable the pairing of the groups: G1- ProDesign Logic RT; G2- ProDesign Logic RT + XP-Endo Finisher; G3 - Pro R Retreatment; G4- Pro R Retreatment + XP-Endo Finisher. The previous endodontic treatment was performed using the Protaper Next system (Dentsply Sirona) until the X2 file and the 25.06 cone filling (MKLife) and Endofill cements (Dentsply Sirona). The roots were stored at 37 ° C, 100% humidity air for 72 hours. Subsequently, retreatment was started following the manufacturer's instructions and without the aid of any type of solvent. The results showed no statistical difference between the groups regarding the volume of remaining obturator material (p> 0.05), but a better removal of the material in the cervical and middle thirds was observed. Regarding the centring ability there was no statistically significant difference (p> 0.05), but for transportation, there was a difference (p <0.05) in the G2 in relation to the other groups in the ML canal in the cervical third. Regarding time, the Logic RT system was faster than Pro R. It follows that no system was able to completely remove the obturator material, XP-Endo Finisher does not enhance the removal of obturator material; the apical third is the most difficult area to remove the obturator material, all tested systems promoted apical canal transportation, Pro R retreatment and XP-Endo Finisher presented, in the cervical third of the ML canal, a higher transportation compared to Logic RT and ProDesign Logic RT had a shorter clinical working time compared to Pro R retreatment.
19	ANA LÚCIA DA SILVA MOREIRA ANALYSIS OF APICAL TRANSPORT AND CENTRALIZATION OF PREPARATION OF MECHANIZED NICKEL-TITANIUM INSTRUMENTS IN LOWER MOLARS: PROTAPER GOLD AND PRODESING LOGIC. Advisor : FABIO ROBERTO DAMETTO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : FABIO ROBERTO DAMETTO GUSTAVO BARBALHO GUEDES EMILIANO PATRICIA DOS SANTOS CALDERON Data: Dec 11, 2019 Show Abstract This research aimed to evaluate the morphological changes resulting from the instrumentation of 20 mesial roots of severely curved lower human molars, and to compare the ProTaper Gold (PTG) and Prodesign Logic (PDL) systems through the analysis of apical transport and centering capacity. beyond the time required for root canal preparation. The sample consisted of twenty anatomically paired lower molar mesial roots based on similar morphological dimensions using micro-CT evaluation (resolution = 19 µm) assigned to two experimental groups (n = 10) according to the system used for the preparation. of root canal: Group 1 - PTG and Group 2 - PDL. The specimens were then digitized again and the corresponding mesial canal images, pre- and post-instrumentation, were examined at three cross-sectional levels (3, 5 and 7 mm from the apical root end) to analyze transport and centralization. of the channel. The one-way ANOVA statistical test was applied in relation to apical transport, with no statistical difference between groups (p> 0.05). For the analysis of the centralization capacity, non-normal distribution was observed. The Mann-Whitney test was applied, where a statistical difference was observed between the groups at the 5mm level (p = 0.0410) where PTG presented lower centralization capacity when compared to the PDL group. There was no correlation between the variables in question. Regarding the effective time for instrumentation, the analysis showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the groups (p <0.0001), being PDL faster to reach the TC than the PTG group. All statistical procedures were performed with a significance level of 5%. Therefore, PTG and PDL had similar results in relation to the absence of channel transport, PDL presented greater centralization capacity when referring to the 5mm level and was faster than PTG because a shorter instrumentation time was required. In addition, all systems were safe for clinical use once following manufacturers' recommendations.
20	CAROLINA MARIA CAMPOS IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL EXPRESSION OF ING1 AND ING2 PROTEINS IN BENIGN EPITELIAL DENTAL INJURIES Advisor : LELIA MARIA GUEDES QUEIROZ COMMITTEE MEMBERS : JAMILE MARINHO BEZERRA DE OLIVEIRA MOURA LELIA MARIA GUEDES QUEIROZ MARIA LUIZA DINIZ DE SOUSA LOPES Data: Dec 19, 2019 Show Abstract Epithelial odontogenic lesions constitute a heterogeneous group of lesions whose biological behavior is still under investigation. originated from epithelial and / or ectomesenchymal tissues of the dental organ. Defects in cell cycle regulation may be involved in the development and progression of these lesions. INGs (inhibitors of growth) proteins play an important role in controlling cell cycle-related mechanisms. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the expression of ING1 and ING2, to better understand the possible role of these proteins in ameloblastoma (AMB) (n = 20), adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (TOA) (n = 20), odontogenic keratocyst ( CO) (n = 20) and dental follicle (FD) (n = 10). The immunohistochemical expression of ING1 and ING2 was quantitatively evaluated by a single evaluator. In five fields of each lesion, positive and negative cells in the nucleus and / or cytoplasm were quantified, establishing the percentage of positive cells in relation to the total number of cells. Data were submitted to statistical analysis using the Kruskal-Wallis (KW), Dunn and Spearman (r) tests, with the significance level set at 5% (p <0.05). There was a significant difference between ING1 nuclear labeling in the analyzed groups. AMBs and COs exhibited significantly lower ING1 expression than FDs. There was a difference in the concomitant nucleus / cytoplasmic labeling of ING1, with a significantly higher expression in AMB cases when compared to the other groups (p <0.05). For the ING2 protein, there was a difference in nuclear labeling between the analyzed groups (p = 0.0001), and a significantly lower expression in the cases of AMBs, TOAs and COs when compared to the FDs (p <0.05). When comparing groups two by two in the expression nucleus / cytoplasmic, it was observed that the group of AMBs and COs showed a higher expression than TOA (p = 0.002 and p = 0.0001). For all groups studied, there was a negative correlation of ING1 and ING2 labeling in the nucleus / cytoplasm with the cytoplasm restricted labeling. The results of this study suggest the participation of ING1 and ING2 proteins in the pathogenesis of the lesions studied and the immunostaining of ING1 and ING2 in AMBs and COs indicates that these proteins contribute to the more aggressive biological behavior of these two lesions when compared to TOA.
21	SKARLATY CESNIK CECÍLIO TREATMENTS FOR RECURRENT ATM LUXATION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW Advisor : ADRIANO ROCHA GERMANO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ADRIANO ROCHA GERMANO HECIO HENRIQUE ARAUJO DE MORAIS PATRICIA TEIXEIRA DE OLIVEIRA Data: Dec 19, 2019 Show Abstract When there are more than three episodes of dislocation in a period of six months, it is characterized as recurrent dislocation. The main symptomatology is the difficulty in closing the mouth, with or without the presence of pain. Its management is seen in the literature with a variety of proposed surgical and non-surgical treatments. OBJECTIVE: To identify which methods are most effective in treating redicivating TMJ dislocations. METHODOLOGY: This systematic review follows the PRISMA recommendations. The search strategy was proposed in five different databases (Pubmed, Scopus, Medline, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science). Regarding the inclusion criteria, the articles should be in English, Portuguese and Spanish; In human studies, case reports / series should have a minimum sample of 10 patients. The minimum follow-up time for each patient should be 1 year for all types of studies. Regarding the exclusion criteria will be disregarded those articles that do not answer the research question, as well as those that do not score above 10 in STROBE and CONSORT and 6 in GUIDELINES. The articles initially identified were selected by two independent researchers by title. After selection, the checklists STROBE, CONSORT and GUIDELINESS were applied according to the type of article. This way each article selected received a score that defined its permanence in the search. The results of this selection and evaluation were organized in a table. A possible bias test was applied in clinical trials, validated by The Cochrane Library. RESULTS: 20 articles were included in the review, in which 4 are clinical trials. LIMITATIONS: Clinical trials do not provide sufficient information for proper applicability of the bias test. CONCLUSIONS: Eminectomy is the procedure that presents the most scientific evidence for the treatment of recurrent TMJ dislocation; however, it has similar resolution potential as Dautrey's procedure. Of the minimally invasive procedures, autologous blood injection has the highest evidence and favorable results.
	Thesis
1	KARYNA DE MELO MENEZES Comparison of connective tissue graft and a xenogenic collagen matrix in the root coverage of single gingival recession in thin gingival phenotype Advisor : BRUNO CESAR DE VASCONCELOS GURGEL COMMITTEE MEMBERS : BRUNO CESAR DE VASCONCELOS GURGEL EULER MACIEL DANTAS FERNANDO JOSE DE OLIVEIRA NOBREGA JOÃO BATISTA CESAR NETO RUTHINEIA DIOGENES ALVES UCHOA LINS Data: May 23, 2019 Show Abstract Gingival recession may cause dental hypersensitivity, esthetical discomfort and increase the prevalence of carious or non-carious cervical lesion. Root coverage procedures using grafts placement has been the gold standard on this treatment. AIM: To compare the root coverage performed connective tissue graft and collagen matrix using the extended flap technique in single gingival recessions in thin gingival phenotype, at 6 months of follow-up. METHOD: This controlled, randomized, double-blind, split-mouth, clinical trial evaluated 28 patients with bilateral gingival recession subjected to root coverage procedure through extended flap technique with subepithelial connective tissue graft (control) and xenogenic collagen matrix (test). The parameters evaluated were deep on probing, gingival recession, clinical attachment level, keratinized mucosa and bleeding on probing for teeth that received the graft and the distal and mesial teeth. In addition, gingival thickness and gingival phenotype change of the teeth that received the grafts, postoperative pain and quality of life through Oral Health-Related Quality of Life, at baseline, three and six months after surgery. The data were statistically analyzed through the tests of Friedman, Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney, Qui-quadrado, McNemar, ANOVA and t Test. The significance level of 5% was pre-estlablished. RESULTS: 14 men and 14 women were included, with an average of 30.3 years (± 6.2). Statistically significant reductions were observed for gingival recession and clinical attachment level significant increase of both teeth of the grafts (p <0.001), distal (p=0.001) and mesial (p<0.001) teeth, within each group and in both treatment groups, during the follow-up. In addition, there was keratinized mucosa significant increase (p <0.001) and gingival thickness (p<0.001) of the teeth that received the grafts, with statistical difference between groups. The treatment protocol was able to improve the quality of lite (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Both treatments resulted in improved clinical parameters at six months of follow-up. The collagen matrix represents an excellent alternative to the subepithelial connective tissue graft in the treatment of single gingival recessions in thin gingival phenotype.
2	RAFAELLA BASTOS LEITE CAVALCANTI EFFECT OF LOW-LEVEL LASER IRRADIATION ON BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF HUMAN PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT STEM CELLS CULTURED ON CHITOSAN SCAFFOLDS Advisor : CARLOS AUGUSTO GALVAO BARBOZA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : BRUNO CESAR DE VASCONCELOS GURGEL CARLOS AUGUSTO GALVAO BARBOZA CARLOS EDUARDO BEZERRA DE MOURA FERNANDA GINANI ANTUNES ROSEANA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS Data: May 24, 2019 Show Abstract Low-level laser irradiation (LLLI) is able to stimulate the proliferation of various cell types, but little is known about its effectiveness on the proliferation of cells cultured on biomaterial surfaces. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of LLLI on the proliferation and viability of human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) cultured on chitosan scaffolds. Chitosan was submitted to tests to identify the real mass content and degree of deacetylation. Chitosan membranes were prepared by solvent evaporation technique and submitted to morphology and surface characterization. PDLSCs previously isolated and characterized were grown on the surfaces of four groups: (P) culture plate plastic, non-irradiated, as a positive control of cell growth; (C) chitosan, non-irradiated; (L1) chitosan, irradiated with a dose of 1 J/cm²; and (L4) chitosan, irradiated with 4 J/cm². The irradiations were performed with InGaAlP diode laser with wavelength of 660 nm, power 30 mW, tip diameter of 0.01cm², and continuous action mode in a single dose. Cell viability and proliferation were evaluated by Alamar Blue, Live/Dead, Annexin V/PI and Ki67 assays, as well as cell cycle analysis, whereas cell morphology was evaluated by MEV. The data showed that the chitosan presented a real mass content of 88.08% and degree of deacetylation of 91.37 ± 3.77%. SEM analysis showed membranes with uniform and homogeneous surface, with a mean thickness of 68.71 μm. Analysis by AFM revealed roughness around 285 nm. The weight of the membranes ranged from 0.03 to 0.04 g, indicating their uniformity, and the surface pH exhibited a mean of 6.9 ± 0.25, a value close to the pH of the saliva. The Alamar Blue assay showed significant differences in mitochondrial activity between groups at 24 h (L1> C, p = 0.0118) and at 48 h (L1> C, p = 0.0022; L4> C, p = 0.0002; L4>L1, p = 0.0022). The Live/Dead assay showed higher density of live cells in irradiated groups (L1 and L4) compared to the group without irradiation (C), which was confirmed by assay of Annexin V/PI, which showed a greater percentage of viable cells in L4 (80.7%) and L1 (77.5%) compared to C (63.1%) at 72 h. The Ki67 immunoexpression was higher in L4 and L1 and these two groups also showed a higher percentage of cells in the proliferative phases of the cell cycle (S and G2/M). The SEM analysis showed in group C cells with more rounded morphology and with few projections, as well as cell debris, whereas in the irradiated groups the cells exhibited a more flat arrangement, more distributed projections and focal adhesion points, especially in L4. Taken together, the results of the present study shown that laser therapy in the studied patterns, especially at the dose of 4 J/cm², has a positive effect on viability and proliferation of PDLSCs on chitosan membranes, thereby allowing the cells to overcome any adverse effects of the scaffold microenvironment.
3	HELLEN BANDEIRA DE PONTES SANTOS ANALYSIS OF IMUNO-EXPANSION OF DNA REPAIR PROTEINS INVOLVED IN THE BER AND NER WAYS IN BENIGN EPITHELIUM ODONTOGENIC INJURIES Advisor : ROSEANA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : CASSIANO FRANCISCO WEEGE NONAKA GUSTAVO PINA GODOY HEBEL CAVALCANTI GALVAO LELIA BATISTA DE SOUZA ROSEANA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS Data: Jun 4, 2019 Show Abstract The benign epithelial odontogenic lesions present a heterogeneous biological behavior and their pathogenesis are not fully understood. The deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) repair pathways act on specific types of damage to the genetic material, performing the repair and regulating several cellular processes. Among the main DNA repair pathways, the most notable are the base excision repair (BER) and the nucleotide excision repair (NER). Investigations have shown that the proteins involved in these pathways are deregulated and sometimes highly expressed in some malignancies, contributing to tumor progression. Taking into account the heterogeneity of the biological behavior of benign epithelial odontogenic lesions and the scarcity of studies that have evaluated the expression of DNA repair proteins in these lesions, this study evaluated the immunoexpression of BER (APE-1 and XRCC-1) proteins and NER (XPF) in solid ameloblastomas (AMEs) (n = 30), non-syndromic odontogenic keratocysts (NSOKCs) (n = 30), syndromic odontogenic keratocysts (SKOCs) (associated with Gorlin's Syndrome) (n = 29), dentigerous cysts (DCs) (n = 30) and dental follicles (DFs) (n = 20). The immunohistochemical analysis of APE-1, XRCC-1 and XPF was performed quantitatively by a previously calibrated evaluator and without access to the clinical data of the cases. In five fields of higher immunoreactivity, positive and negative cells were quantified for the proteins in the epithelial component of all cases, and the percentage of positive cells was established in relation to the total number of cells counted for each antibody. Nuclear and cytoplasmic markers were analyzed separately for APE-1 and XPF, while only nuclear immunoexpression was considered for XRCC-1. The comparisons of the median percentages of immunoreactivity in relation to the studied groups were performed using the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. Possible correlations between the expression of APE-1, XRCC-1 and XPF were assessed by Spearman's correlation test. The level of significance was set at 5% (p < 0.05). A higher nuclear immunoexpression of APE-1 in the NSOKCs, SOKCs and solid AMEs was verified in comparison with the DCs (p < 0.001). Among all the evaluated groups, the cytoplasmic expression of APE-1 was only found in 4 NSOKCs and 6 SOKCs. Nuclear expression of XRCC-1 was statistically higher in NSOKCs and SOKCs than in DCs (p < 0.05). At the nuclear level, XPF expression was significantly higher in NSOKCs and SOKCs than in DCs and AMEs (p < 0.05) and, although without statistical significance, a higher nuclear expression of this protein was observed in AMEs when compared to CDs. Regarding the cytoplasmic expression of XPF, a greater expression was observed in the SOKCs in relation to the DCs (p = 0.04). No statistically significant difference was found between the nuclear expressions of APE-1, XRCC-1 and XPF between NSOKCs and SOKCs (p > 0.05). In addition, all the odontogenic lesions studied revealed a statistically significant expression of APE-1 (nuclear), XRCC-1 (nuclear) and XPF (nuclear and cytoplasmic) when compared to DFs (p < 0.05). For all lesions, Spearman's correlation test showed a positive correlation between nuclear expression of APE-1 and XRCC-1 or XPF at the nuclear level (p < 0.05). The results of this study suggest a potential involvement of APE-1, XRCC-1 and XPF proteins in the pathogenesis of benign epithelial odontogenic lesions. The role played by these proteins may be more important in odontogenic lesions with more aggressive biological behavior.
4	RACHEL GOMES CARDOSO IMPACT OF THE OCLUSAL SURFACE TYPE OF SUBSTRATE TEETH ON THE QUALITY OF LIFE, SATISFACTION AND PERFORMANCE MASTIGATÓRIA DE USUÁRIOS DE PROSTHESES BIMAXILARES TOTAL Advisor : ADRIANA DA FONTE PORTO CARREIRO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ADRIANA DA FONTE PORTO CARREIRO GUSTAVO AUGUSTO SEABRA BARBOSA LELIA BATISTA DE SOUZA SANDRA LÚCIA DANTAS DE MORAES VALENTIM ADELINO RICARDO BARÃO Data: Aug 7, 2019 Show Abstract Objective: To evaluate the performance of total dentures (PT) with anatomical and non-anatomical teeth in elderly edentulous patients, regarding the impact on quality of life related to oral health (OHQoL), satisfaction, masticatory performance (PM) and ulcers after installation of PTs. Materials and methods: In a randomized crossover trial, total edentulous teeth were divided into two groups: AD Group (rehabilitated with anatomical teeth and, after 3 months, with non-anatomical teeth) and Group DN (rehabilitated with non-anatomical teeth and, after 3 months, with anatomical teeth). Data collection was performed at T0 (3 months after rehabilitation) and T1 (6 months after rehabilitation). OHQoL was analyzed through OHIP-EDENT and satisfaction through a questionnaire developed by Sato, et al. (2000). PM was evaluated by the granulometric analysis method, after mastication of an artificial optocal food. The number of adjustments in the base of the prosthesis due to the presence of ulcers were also evaluated numerically. For the data analysis, the Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon and Spearman correlation tests were used. Results: The initial sample consisted of 41 elderly individuals, with a mean age of 69.82 years. In relation to OHIP-EDENT, the mean in the T0 for the AD group was 4.29 (± 3.76) and in the T1 of 2.80 (± 5.24) (p = 0.064); for the DN group, these values corresponded to 5.86 (± 5.44) and 4.73 (± 4.84), respectively (p = 0.65). Regarding satisfaction, it was observed that the AD group presented better satisfaction when compared to the DN group in some items in T0 and T1. The mean MP for individuals in the AD group was 6.58 mm (± 0.63) at the T0 and 6.58 (± 0.58) at the T1 (p = 0.975). For the DN group, the mean values found were 6.61 mm (± 0.58) in the T0 and 6.62 mm (± 0.50) in the T1, and there was no significant difference in the occlusal surface change (p = 0.767 ). Conclusion: The type of occlusal surface used in the rehabilitation did not influence the PM, nor the OHQoL, which presented a relatively positive result in both groups, indicating that both occlusal types are similar in these aspects. However, in some satisfaction items, the AD group showed better results when compared to the DN group. Keywords: Elderly; Dentures; Dental Occlusion; Chew; Quality of life
5	CAMILA MARIA BASTOS MACHADO DE RESENDE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT CONSERVATIVE THERAPIES IN TEMPOROMANDIBULAR DYSFUNCTIONS ON PAIN, PSYCHOSOCIAL ASPECTS, RELATED TO SLEEP AND QUALITY OF LIFE: RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL Advisor : GUSTAVO AUGUSTO SEABRA BARBOSA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : KARINA HELGA TURCIO DE CARVALHO ADRIANA DA FONTE PORTO CARREIRO ANDRE ULISSES DANTAS BATISTA ANGELO GIUSEPPE RONCALLI DA COSTA OLIVEIRA GUSTAVO AUGUSTO SEABRA BARBOSA Data: Aug 9, 2019 Show Abstract Temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) consists of a multifactorial pathology, prevalent in Brazil and worldwide. It has a self-limiting character, which has allowed the development of a great variety of therapies to manage its main signs and symptoms. This blinded randomized clinical trial evaluated the physical, functional, psychological, sleep-related and quality of life symptoms in patients diagnosed with TMD after different therapies: occlusal splint (OS), counseling (C), manual therapy (TM) and associated OS to C and if psychological and sleep disturbances interfere in the pain control of these patients after the therapeutic conducts. The sample consisted of 87 individuals diagnosed with TMD by the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC-TMD) randomly assigned between the treatment groups. Anxiety symptoms were diagnosed by the Trait-State Anxiety Index (IDATE), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Symptoms of depression were assessed using the HADS and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The subjective quality of sleep, general quality of life and related to oral health, function and intensity of pain were investigated through the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire - bref (WHOQOL ), Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP 14), Temporomandibular Index (ITM) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), respectively. The assessments were performed at the baseline, 1 month and 3 months after completion of the therapies by a blind and trained investigator. The SPANOVA test was used to analyze the effect of therapies over time and between groups with a confidence level of 95%. It was observed that no therapy had a statistically significant difference in relation to the other, and that all had significant effects on the improvement of the indexes evaluated (anxiety IDATE p=0,002 – HADS p<0,001 – BAI p<0,001 and depression BDI p=0,001 symptoms, subjective sleep quality PSQI p=0,005, general quality of life WHOQOL p=0,029, oral health related quality of life OHIP p <0,001 and pain intensity p<0,001) over time, except for the HADS depression (p = 0.106). It was found that all patients with altered symptoms significantly reduced their pain levels after the therapies (HADS p <0.001; BAI p <0.001; BDI p <0.001; PSQI p = 0.010), but that anxious patients (BAI p = 0.021) had a statistically significant greater reduction (delta = 2.84) when compared to normal individuals (delta = 1.10) and also the altered QS (p = 0.006). It was concluded that all conservative therapies generated positive outcomes regarding physical, psychological, sleep-related and quality of life symptoms, and none were superior to other and although anxious, depressed patients with low QS had higher levels of pain in the baseline and these factors did not negatively influence their reduction after DO, AC, FT, DO + AC and TMD therapies, and that anxiety and altered sleep can generate effect.
6	BEATRIZ AGUIAR DO AMARAL OCCLUSAL CHARACTERISTICS OF INFANTS WITH MICROCEPHALY ASSOCIATED WITH THE ZIKA VIRUS Advisor : SERGEI GODEIRO FERNANDES RABELO CALDAS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : BERNARDO QUIROGA SOUKI GEORGIA COSTA DE ARAUJO SOUZA HALLISSA SIMPLICIO GOMES PEREIRA ISABELITA DUARTE AZEVEDO SERGEI GODEIRO FERNANDES RABELO CALDAS Data: Aug 16, 2019 Show Abstract Introduction: Microcephaly in a live birth is defined as an anomaly in which head circumference (HC) is below the standard for age and gender appropriate curves. The etiology may involve genetic abnormalities, syndromes, metabolic disorders, teratogens, prenatal, perinatal and postnatal infections. However, this malformation has become much more prevalent with the recent emergence of the Zika virus. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of malocclusion among infants with Zika virus-associated microcephaly (MZV) and to describe the most common malocclusion characteristics in this population (Article 1); to identify differences in univiteline twins with and without Zika virus-associated microcephaly infection during the second trimester of gestation (Article 2); to describe the dentoskeletal changes in two infants who were infected with the Zika virus during the first trimester of gestation (Article 3). Method: Article 1 was a cross-sectional study which included patients diagnosed with MZV (40) between 30 and 36 months and a comparison group with healthy babies (40), randomly selected with the same sociodemographic characteristics. The statistical analysis used descriptive analysis, Pearson’s chi-squared test and multivariate logistic regression. Articles 2 and 3 are case reports, one with infection in the second trimester of pregnancy and another in the first, respectively. Results: In article 1, a significantly higher prevalence of malocclusions in MZV infants was demonstrated in comparison to the control group (p<0.001). Patients with MZV were more likely to have late eruption (p<0.001), atresic upper and lower arch (p<0.001), marked overjet (p<0.001), and posterior crossbite (p=0.004). In article 2, muscular impairment was the most striking feature for the twin with microcephaly. In article 3, late eruption, hypodontia, tendency to vertical growth, convex profile, muscle tone impairment, incompetence to seal the lips, open bite, midline deviation and atresic arches were demonstrated. Conclusions: It is concluded that there is a greater probability of late eruption and higher prevalence of malocclusions in MZV infants, with atresic upper and lower arch, overjet and posterior crossbite among them (Article 1). In addition, the infection period of the virus seems to determine the severity of the characteristics found: less occurrence of dental problems and maintenance of neuromuscular changes can be determined when in the second trimester (Article 2); but when infection occurs in the first trimester, dento-skeletal impairment is greater along with the associated functional alterations (Article 3).
7	CRISTIANE ASSUNCAO DA COSTA CUNHA MAFRA ANTIINFLAMMATORY AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF GLYCLAZIDE IN ORAL MUCOSITE INDUCED EXPERIMENTAL MODEL BY 5-FLUOURACIL Advisor : AURIGENA ANTUNES DE ARAUJO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : AURIGENA ANTUNES DE ARAUJO RUTHINEIA DIOGENES ALVES UCHOA LINS NAISANDRA BEZERRA DA SILVA FARIAS LEÔNIA MARIA BATISTA MAIARA DE MORAES Data: Aug 30, 2019 Show Abstract Oral mucositis (OM) is acute inflammation of the oral mucosa, the most important sequelae from radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy treatments. The lesions in the oral cavity are severe and painful, and can lead to sepsis and death. There is no single protocol for preventing or curing OM. From the perspective of finding pharmacological therapies to prevent OM, we propose an investigation of the pleiotropic effect of commercial drugs, among them gliclazide, an anti-diabetic with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant side action which has never studied regarding OM. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of gliclazide on an experimental OM model induced by 5-fluorouracil. Male hamsters were pretreated with oral gliclazide (1, 5 or 10 mg/kg) for 10 days. The mucosal samples of the animals were submitted to histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis (COX2, iNOS, MMP-2, NFκB P65, GPx) and immunofluorescence (P-selectin). Levels of IL-1β and TNF-α, myeloperoxidase activity (MPO) and malondialdehyde levels (MDA) were investigated by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopic analysis. Protein expression of NFkB NLS P50 was analyzed by western blotting. The results to compare the mean values between the groups were obtained from analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Bonferroni test. The Kruskal-Wallis test followed by the Dunn test was used to compare medians. Statistical analyzes were performed on Prism 5.0 software (GraphPad, La Jolla, CA). A p-value < 0.05 indicated a statistically significant difference. The group treated with gliclazide at a dose of 10 mg/kg presented erythema, absence of erosion and mucosal ulceration with a score of 1 (1-2) (p <0.01) in the clinical findings. The histopathological data of the gliclazide 10 mg/kg group showed reepithelialization, a discrete mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate, and ulcers with a score of 1 (1-1) (p <0.01). Treatment with 10 mg/kg gliclazide reduced the activity levels of MPO (p <0.001), MDA (p <0.001) and NFκB NLS P50 (p <0.05), resulting in low immunostaining for Cox-2, iNOS (p <0.05), NFκB P65 (p <0.05) and negative immunoreaction for MMP-2. For Gpx, staining was restored in the GLI 10-FUT group compared to 5FUT/saline (p <0.05). Immunofluorescence showed a decrease in P-selectin levels (p <0.001) after treatment with 10 mg/kg gliclazide (p <0.05). Furthermore, 10 mg/kg gliclazide attenuated OM severity and reduced oxidative stress, and 5-FU induced OM in hamsters
8	AMANDA KATARINNY GOES GONZAGA OXIDATIVE STRESS AND EPIGENETICS ALTERATIONS: MECHANISMS INVOLVED IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF LICHEN PLANUS Advisor : ANA MIRYAM COSTA DE MEDEIROS COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ANA MIRYAM COSTA DE MEDEIROS LELIA BATISTA DE SOUZA MARCIA CRISTINA DA COSTA MIGUEL CRISTIANE HELENA SQUARIZE POLLIANNA MUNIZ ALVES Data: Aug 30, 2019 Show Abstract Lichen planus (LP) is a mucocutaneous, inflammatory disease immunologically mediated by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CD8+ CTL). While oral lichen planus (OLP) is considered a potentially malignant lesion, cutaneous lichen planus (CLP) is a typically self-limiting condition, suggesting that the pathogenesis of these lesions may be distinct. Thus, in order to investigate the behavior and evolution of the different clinical forms of these diseases, the aim of this study was, first, to evaluate the levels of oxidative stress markers in the saliva of patients with OLP and, subsequently, to analyze the expression profile of DNA repair proteins (XRCC1 and APE1) and H3K9 histone acetylation in the OLP and CLP. For the oxidative stress study, 34 individuals participated in the research, of which 22 were clinically and histopathologically diagnosed with OLP (reticular and erosive) and 12 were control cases. Non-stimulated sialometry was performed in a clear and clean falcon tube (50mL) for five minutes. Subsequently, oxidative stress (MPO, MDA) and antioxidant action (SOD, GSH) markers were determined. To perform the study on DNA repair and H3K9 histone acetylation, the total sample consisted of 89 cases of LP (66 OLP and 23 CLP). Analysis of APE1 and XRCC1 expression was performed by immunohistochemistry, whereas the analysis of H3K9 acetylation was performed by immunofluorescence. Five representative fields of the lesions were photographed and the analyzes were performed quantitatively. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS and GraphPad Prism software. In the study related to oxidative stress, among the 22 patients diagnosed with OLP, most were female (n = 19; 86.4%) and reported to have entered menopause (63.2%). In the majority of cases, OLP lesions were in the active phase (77.3%), with a predominance of the reticular OLP (n = 15; 68.2%). Concerning to oxidative stress levels, no statistically significant differences were observed when comparing SOD, GSH, MPO and MDA values between case and control groups, as well as between erosive and reticular OLP (p > 0.05). Individuals with inactive OLP lesions presented higher SOD when compared to those with active lesions (p = 0.031). The study related to DNA repair and H3K9 histone acetylation showed that the immunoreactivity for APE1 and XRCC1 was significantly higher in CLP than in OLP (P = 0.003 and P = 0.034, respectively). There was a significant and moderate positive correlation between APE1 and XRCC1 in the OLP group (Rho=0.544; P<0.0001). In OLP, there were no statistically significant results comparing APE1 and XRCC1 expression between reticular and erosive cases (P> 0.05). Evaluation of H9K3 histone acetylation levels did not reveal significant results comparing OLP to CLP, neither comparing erosive to reticular OLP (P> 0.05). In conclusion, our findings revealed that oxidative stress markers in saliva of patients with OLP was similar to the control cases, which may be related to the high exposure of the oral cavity environment to several physical, chemical and microbiological stimuli, important generators of the oxidative stress. Furthermore, changes in the expression profile of the DNA repair proteins exerted greater influence in the cases of CLP than in the cases of OLP, in addition, H3K9 histone acetylation is an epigenetic event found in both lesions.
9	LEORIK PEREIRA DA SILVA ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE EXPRESSION OF TUMOR CELL MARKERS (ALDH-1 and SOX-2) AND THE CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF SALIVARY GLAND TUMORS Advisor : LELIA BATISTA DE SOUZA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ANA PAULA VERAS SOBRAL CASSIANO FRANCISCO WEEGE NONAKA LELIA BATISTA DE SOUZA PEDRO PAULO DE ANDRADE SANTOS ROSEANA DE ALMEIDA FREITAS Data: Nov 22, 2019 Show Abstract The molecular and cellular mechanisms that are associated with pathogenesis, poor treatment response, recurrence, and death in salivary gland tumors are not fully known. In this matter, stem cells (SC) within a tumor (TSC) are related to tumorigenicity and progress in human neoplasms. As such, the aim of this study was to evaluate through western blot and immunohistochemistry the expression of SC-related markers (ALDH-1 and SOX-2) in salivary gland neoplasms and their possible association with clinicopathological data. We selected 103 cases of malignant neoplasms (25 mucoepidermoid carcinoma; 15 acinic cell carcinoma; 13 adenoid cystic carcinoma; 10 polymorphous adenocarcinoma; 13 adenocarcinoma NOS; 8 epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma; 7 carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma; 5 salivary duct carcinoma; 4 basal cell adenocarcinoma; 3 clear cell carcinoma) and 51 cases of benign neoplasms (25 pleomorphic adenoma; 9 myoepithelioma; 7 Warthin tumor; 5 canalicular adenoma; 5 basal cell adenoma). Clinicopathological data and patient outcomes were retrieved from medical records. Data were recorded in Microsoft Excel software and transferred to Statistical Package for Social Science, GraphPad Prism and STATA softwares. A significance level of 5% was adopted for the statistical tests (p<0.05). Most patients were male, with a mean age of 52 years, and the parotid was the most common anatomical site. Most malignant neoplasms were classified as T1-T2, N0 and M0 with clinical stage II. Protein expression assessed by immunohistochemistry and western blot showed similar results that were statistically correlated for both SOX-2 (p<0.001) and ALDH-1 (p=0.039). Regarding the expression of SOX-2, most benign tumors were negative (n=39; 76.5%), and expression was only observed in tumors without myoepithelial differentiation (p<0.0001). In the other hand, most of the malignant tumors were positive for SOX-2 (n=54; 52.4%), being statistically significant (p=0.002). The expression occurred in cases without myoepithelial differentiation (p=0.006) mainly in mucoepidermoid carcinoma and clear cell carcinoma. No association was found between SOX-2 expression and clinical parameters. ALDH-1 was frequently expressed in the parenchyma of malignant (n=88; 85.6%) and benign (100%) neoplasms. Overall, the presence of ALDH-1 in the parenchyma was not associated with clinical data of malignant neoplasms; nevertheless, the cases of mucoepidermoid carcinoma with high expression in the parenchyma were associated with advanced clinical stage (p=0.047). The expression of ALDH-1 in tumor stroma cells occurred mainly in malignant neoplasms (n=67; 65.0%), being associated with lymph node metastasis (p=0.032), advanced clinical stage (p=0.008), recurrence (p=0.006) and death (p=0.013). Overall survival and Disease-free survival at 5 and 10 years were lower in patients diagnosed with adenoid cystic carcinoma, T3-T4 tumors, presence of metastases, clinical stage III-IV, recurrence and stromal expression of ALDH-1. Multivariate analysis showed advanced clinical stage and stromal expression of ALDH-1 were independent prognostic factors for disease-free survival. Based on the results, the profile of TSC presents variations in different salivary gland tumors. The differential expression of SOX-2 and ALDH-1 in these neoplasms suggests that there are different subtypes of TSC that can be activated by distinct molecular pathways. Also, the presence of mesenchymal stem cells may be directly related to the biological behavior and progress of malignant tumors in the salivary gland.
10	ANNIE KAROLINE BEZERRA DE MEDEIROS MASTIGATORY PERFORMANCE AND ORAL HEALTH RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE IN OLD EDENTULUOS REAHBILITED WITH COMPLETE DENTURES: RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL Advisor : ADRIANA DA FONTE PORTO CARREIRO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ADRIANA DA FONTE PORTO CARREIRO GUSTAVO AUGUSTO SEABRA BARBOSA KENIO COSTA DE LIMA ANA CLARA SOARES PAIVA TORRES CLAUDIO RODRIGUES LELES Data: Dec 10, 2019 Show Abstract Conventional complete dentures (CDs) are widely used for the rehabilitation of totally edentulous individuals, in order to restore the patients’ lost functions due to tooth loss. Thus, this randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the impact of bimaxillary CDs rehabilitation on masticatory performance (MP), oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), technical quality of dentures (TQ) and the satisfaction among totally edentulous elderly adults. A total of 50 participants were randomized into two distinct groups: control group (CG; old CDs evaluated at T0 and reassessed after 3 months - T1; n = 25) and test group (TG; old CDs evaluated at T0 and new CDs evaluated after 3 months of use; n = 25). The MP was analyzed by determining the median particle size (X50). OHRQoL was obtained from the OHIP-Edent Questionnaire and satisfaction was assessed through functional and psychological criteria using a questionnaire. TQ was obtained by a clinical evaluation. In order to verify the variation between the variables in T1 - T0, the variables “Dif X50”, “Dif OHIP”, “Dif TQ” and “Dif sat”, respectively, were created. Depending on the normal distribution of data, parametric and nonparametric tests were used in the statistical analysis (5% significance and 80% power). The final sample consisted of 48 elderly adults, with a mean age of 68.77 years (± 6.01), predominantly female. For TG, at T0, the median of X50 was 6.82 mm and at T1, 6.77 mm; In the CG, the values were 6.49 mm at T0 and 6.71 mm at T1. When comparing the variation of X50 between the two groups, there was no significant difference between them (p = 0.105). For the TG, the total OHIP-Edent median decreased significantly after treatment (from 12.00 points to 5.00). This reduction was also significant for the domains: functional limitation, physical pain, psychological discomfort, physical dysfunction and psychological dysfunction. The variation in satisfaction increased significantly only in the TG (p <0.001), as well as the TQ, which presented a positive variation of 55.00 points (p <0.001). From the results, it can be concluded that new bimaxillary conventional CDs promote a significant improvement in the satisfaction and OHRQoL of the elderly adults, especially in relation to their functional and psychological aspects. However, it did not improve the masticatory performance when a 3 months period of use was considered.
11	LILIAN KARINE CARDOSO GUIMARÃES DE CARVALHO COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RECIPROCAL SYSTEMS IN THE PRODUCTION OF DEVIATIONS AND REMOVAL OF SHUTTER MATERIAL IN ROOT CHANNELS: IN VITRO STUDY Advisor : FABIO ROBERTO DAMETTO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : CICERO ROMAO GADE NETO CONCEIÇÃO APARECIDA DORNELAS MONTEIRO MAIA FABIO ROBERTO DAMETTO MARIA ALICE PIMENTEL FUSCELLA REJANE ANDRADE DE CARVALHO Data: Dec 13, 2019 Show Abstract O retratamento visa reverter os processos infecciosos, removendo completamente o material obturador permitindo uma nova limpeza, modelagem e reobturação dos canais radiculares. Com vistas a melhoria das taxas de sucesso e eficiência do retratamento, vários sistemas de níquel-titânio (NiTi) têm sido desenvolvidos com a utilização de apenas um instrumento por meio de um movimento reciprocante, levantado novas perspectivas para o preparo biomecânico do canal bem como o retratamento. Portanto, este estudo teve por objetivo analisar a produção de desvio e capacidade de limpeza durante retratamento dos canais mesiais de molares inferiores com diferentes graus de curvatura, obturados com BioC Sealer após utilização dos sistemas reciprocantes WaveOne Gold Primary (25/0.07), (Dentsply Maillefer), WA1 file (25/0.07) (TDK File) e X1-Blue (25/0.06) e Reciproc Blue (VDW). Uma amostra de sessenta molares inferiores foi dividida em quatro grupos. Cada grupo continha 15 molares, totalizando 120 canais mesiais, os quais passaram pela aquisição e processamento das imagens iniciais no Microtomográfo, para que posteriormente, fosse realizado o pareamento dos grupos. Todos os grupos foram instrumentados com o sistema de rotação continua Pro Taper Next. Após instrumentação, foram obturados com cone de guta percha ProTaper, selados e colocados em estufa a 37 °C, 100% de umidade durante 72 horas. Os canais foram retratados de acordo com os seguintes sistemas organizados nos grupos experimentais: G1: X1 Blue, G2: Wave One Gold, G3: Reciproc Blue e G4: WA1 file (TDK). Para análise de desvio e limpeza dos canais as amostras foram escaneadas por meio da Microtomografia (Micro CT). Por fim, será avaliado e medido o desvio apical através da comparação das imagens dos canais obtidas pelas MicroCT após o retratamento, bem como a limpeza final, para posterior análise estatística. Os resultados serão estatisticamente analisados utilizando-se a análise de variância (ANOVA) e os testes F, Shapiro-Wilkis e de Tukey com níveis de significância de 5%.
12	PAULA TAMIÃO ARANTES In vitro evaluation of the influence of root canal sealers in bond strength on dentin floor structure of the pulp chamber of tooth restored immediately after filling and mediately Advisor : FABIO ROBERTO DAMETTO COMMITTEE MEMBERS : FABIO ROBERTO DAMETTO CICERO ROMAO GADE NETO LETICIA MARIA MENEZES NOBREGA LUANA MARIA MARTINS DE AQUINO REINALDO DIAS DA SILVA NETO Data: Dec 13, 2019 Show Abstract The purpose of this study is to evaluate the influence of endodontic cements on bond strength on the dentin structure of the pulp chamber walls of restored bovine teeth immediately and immediately after obturation, in which endodontic cements will be evaluated: Calcium hydroxide resin cement - AH Plus and Zinc Oxide and Eugenol Cement - Endofill. The adhesives that will be tested to evaluate the bond strength will be the Single Bond 2® and the self-etching 2-step adhesive system, using Z 350 ® composite resin as a restorative material. After preparation of the teeth, they will be sectioned horizontally, separating the crown from the root as well as the incisal part, and then sectioned in the mesiodistal direction so that only the pulp chamber area is exposed. The samples will be divided into 8 experimental groups and 4 controls. The experimental groups will present the variables, endodontic cement, adhesive system and immediate and immediate restoration (7 days after endodontics), and the controls will not suffer interference from endodontic cements. Endodontic treatment will be simulated by irrigation with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite solution for 30 minutes, changing the solution every 5 minutes, then washed with 5 ml of 0.9% saline solution and chambers. pulp will be in contact with 17% EDTA solution for 3 minutes, then re-irrigated with 5 ml of saline with syringe and then dried. Both zinc oxide and eugenol-based cements such as AH Plus will be handled according to the manufacturer's instructions, inserted into the pulp chamber for 10 minutes, followed by wiping with a 70% alcohol-soaked cotton ball minute and then drying it. The Experimental Mediata restoration groups will be kept in a closed container, covered with gauze soaked in 0.9% saline solution, for hydration on the buccal surface until restoration after 7 days. The samples will have the pulp chamber dentin conditioned according to each adhesive system following manufacturer's instructions. Then, the restorative treatment will be performed inserted 3 layers of 1.0 mm each, light cured for 20 seconds each and at the end for 40 seconds. After waiting for storage at 37ºC, the teeth will be fixed and positioned on the ISOMET 1000 cutting equipment, and cuts will be made to obtain sticks of +/- 1.0 mm² and then the microtensile test will be performed, positioning them. the area of adhesion perpendicular to the long axis of traction. The speed of the microtensile tests will be 1.0mm / min, performed with a Universal Testing Machine with adaptation of a 250KN Load cell and software for data reading and subsequent calculation. Fractured specimens will be observed first under an optical microscope by the magnifying glass methodology for fracture type classification: Cohesive in hybrid layer, cohesive in composite resin, cohesive in dentin, or mixed being in two or more substrates: cohesive in hybrid layer, cohesive. in composite resin, cohesive in dentin or mixed in two or more substrates. The measures of the ratio between the average rupture load values in Newton (N), by the cross sections of the area delimited by the toothpick preparation, expressed in Mpa and the type of fracture we have as dependent variables. The values of the bond strength will be calculated in Mpa, and the data evaluated by the three-factor analysis of variance and for the multiple comparisons the Tukey-Kramer post-test for different sample sizes. All statistical calculations will be performed using the SPSS version 15.0 program at a significance level of 5%.
13	PATRÍCIA NÓBREGA GOMES DENTAL CHANGES IN CHILDREN WITH MICROCEPHALIA ASSOCIATED WITH CONGENITAL ZIKA VIRUS SYNDROME AND OTHER CONGENITAL INFECTIONS Advisor : KENIO COSTA DE LIMA COMMITTEE MEMBERS : ANA FLÁVIA GRANVILLE GARCIA HENIO GODEIRO LACERDA ISABELITA DUARTE AZEVEDO KENIO COSTA DE LIMA PATRICIA TEIXEIRA DE OLIVEIRA Data: Dec 16, 2019 Show Abstract The consequences of microcephaly associated or not with Congenital Zika Virus Syndrome (CZS) on the dental development of the affected child are not well known. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the frequency of dental alterations in children with microcephaly, to analyze if there is an association of dental alterations with CZS, and to verify if microcephaly is a risk factor for dental alterations. Two cross-sectional observational studies and one case-control study were performed. A single calibrated examiner evaluated the presence of dental alterations of number, shape and size, alterations in the chronology and sequence of tooth eruption, and alterations in the tooth enamel development in children with CZS and other congenital infections, as well as in normoreactive children. Information related to mothers’ pregnancies and child births were collected and a socioeconomic questionnaire was applied. Data were descriptively evaluated and chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test were used as association tests considering a significance level of 5% (studies 2 and 3). The first study sample consisted of 49 children between 7 and 35 months of age with CZS-associated microcephaly. The most prevalent alterations were related to the eruption chronology (93.9%), changes in the development of the enamel (76.1%) and the dental eruption sequence (71.7%). Next, 62 children aged 7 to 35 months with CZS-associated microcephaly (Group CZS) and other congenital infections (STORCH) comprised the sample in the second study. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups regarding change in chronology (p = 1.00), sequence of tooth eruption (p = 0.16) and changes in tooth enamel development (p = 1.00). In the case-control study, 81 normoreactive children and children with microcephaly between 30 and 35 months of age were part of the sample, which were then paired by gender and age at a 1:1 ratio after identifying the frequencies of each of the dental alterations, and then allocated to the case (presence of dental changes) or control (absence of dental changes) groups. The presence of microcephaly was statistically associated with delayed tooth eruption (p<0.001), the presence of changes in tooth eruption sequence (p<0.001) and dental enamel defects (p<0.001). It was concluded that children with CZS-associated microcephaly had delayed dental eruption, alterations in the eruptive sequence and hypomineralization of primary tooth enamel; however, a Zika virus infection was not associated with these dental changes. A microcephaly, regardless of its etiology, is a risk factor for changes related to the tooth eruption process and the development of primary tooth enamel. It is concluded that microcephaly associated with CZS and other congenital infections is a risk factor for delayed tooth eruption, alterations in the eruptive sequence and defects in dental enamel development occurring.