Evaluation of the effects of Freund's adjuvant-induced experimental arthritis and treatment with Rhus toxicodendron and Ruta graveolens formulations on renal morphology
Artrite reumatoide; Rim; Fitoterapia; Morfofisiologia
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that affects hundreds of people worldwide. It is characterized by systemic inflammation that can lead to kidney disease and kidney failure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of adjuvant arthritis (AIA) and treatment with Rhus toxicodendron and Ruta Graveolens on the morphofunctional aspects of the kidney by analyzing glomerular density and morphometry, as well as renal fibrosis. Thirty adult male Holtzman rats (214.57g) were divided into six groups (n = 5): C (control animals without arthritis); A (untreated arthritic animals); RG-D9 (arthritic animals treated with Ruta graveolens at dilution D9); RT-D9 (Rhus toxicodendron-treated arthritic animals at dilution D9); RR-D9 (Rhus toxicodendron + Ruta graveolens-treated arthritic animals, both at dilution D9) and A-Ib (Ibuprofen-treated arthritic animals). The experimental treatment lasted 28 days and after this period the kidneys were collected and processed according to the histological routine, and samples were stained with HE (histopathological analysis), SBP (morphometric and glomerulosclerosis analysis) and Masson's trichrome (analysis of fibrosis). Preliminary results are expressed as mean ± standard error with significance level p <0.05 by Tukey test and similar body and renal weight were observed between all groups. Glomerular density was higher in groups A and RT-D9 than in group C, but among the other groups (RT-D9, RR-D9 and A-Ib) was similar to A and also similar to C. glomerular area (GA) in all arthritic groups, but in RR-D9 it was significantly smaller than A, and RG-D9 and RR-D9 were smaller than C (p <0.05). As for glomerular capsule thickness (ECG), an increase was observed in arthritic groups, and this difference was significant in groups RT-D9 and RR-D9 compared to groups A and C (p <0.05). The glomerular tuff area (TGA) was smaller in all arthritic groups compared to C (p <0.05), being RG-D9 smaller than A, and RR-D9 and A-Ib greater than A (p <0 .05). Urinary space area (AEU) was larger in A and RG-D9 than in the other groups (p <0.05).