Cytoarchitectonic and quantitative analysis of the cochlear nuclei in a bat (Artibeus planirostris)
auditory system, echolocation, cytoarchitecture, immunoflorescence, bats.
The auditory system is extremely important for the survival of the species. Both the animals, those that live in your natural environment, as well as those created under controlled conditions of the laboratory. They need the hearing to detect dangers such as predators and motor vehicles, respond to vocalizations of animals of the same or other species. The ear is called a vestibulocochlear organ because it participates directly in hearing and in maintaining balance. The bat's auditory system is involved in numerous functions emanated by the animal. Spatial navigation by Chiroptera is widely associated with the mechanism of echolocation, which consists of the emission of sound waves by the vocal apparatus and consequent echo reflex, captured by the vestibulocochlear apparatus. Although several studies address the functional dynamics of the Chiroptera echolocation systems, few papers dedicate space to a morphological analysis of the neural centers involved in the processing of such information. The present study aims to describe the morphological organization of the cochlear complex in Bat Artibeus planirostris brains. Among the findings, it was observed that the cochlear complex stands out as a heterogeneous cell set cytoarchitectonically disposed posteriorly to the inferior cerebellar peduncle and laterally to the vestibulocochlear nerve, trapezius spinal tract and trapezoid body throughout most of its extension. The Nissl method allowed identifying all the classical subdivisions described so far in other species: ventral cochlear nucleus (posterior and anterior) and dorsal cochlear nucleus. The analysis of the distribution of calcium binding proteins in the cochlear complex, through the immunofluorescence technique allowed to identify the presence of immunoreactive terminals and perikarya to CB, CR, and PV. To date, the morphological and functional characterization of Artibeus planirostris is very similar to the characteristics found in rodents, specifically the rat and chinchilla.