Diagnosis incidence of fibropapillomatosis in sea turtles in the Bacia Potiguar/RN : Spatial and temporal variations .
Chelonia mydas; fibropapillomatosis; Potiguar Basin.
The five species of sea turtles that occur in the brazilian coast are classified as endangered in the global lists of threatened species. Such status is due to the different threats that these animals have suffered over the past decades, among them the destruction of natural habitat, photo polution, incidental fishing, vehicle traffic and predation of eggs. Another significant threat, described in the literature, is the occurrence of fibropapillomatosis. This disease affects sea turtles, especially juveniles of the species Chelonia mydas, although it was also described in other species. This work intends to investigate the spatial and temporal distribution of sea turtles with fibropapilamatose stranding, living or dead, in the beaches from the municipalities of Icapuí/CE to Caiçara do Norte/RN, and to characterize the histology of these lesions. For this daily monitoring were used quads in order to record the occurrence of sea turtles in the Potiguar basin. Dead animals, depending of the decomposition state, were evaluated for the type, number and positioning of tumors, photographed and georeferenced. The live animals were rescued and translocated to the rehabilitation base of the Cetáceos da Costa Branca project, Areia Branca/RN where were performed the count procedure and location of the tumors. For the development of the research were being used data collected between 2011 and 2015. Among the 3.960 stranded sea turtles, 680 had tumors caused by fibropapillomatosis, values which grew during the years studied. In relation to the variation between the monitored streches, the highest frequency of animals affected by the disease was recorded in the stretch “C” "Guamaré-Macau." As the development stage, most of the affected individuals were in the immature stage, but there were also adult animals record and subadult affected by the disease. The lesions were configured for presenting papillary projections and epidermal hyperplasia, hyperkeratinisation regions within the connective tissue and points with suggestive of inflammation erythrocyte clusters. In addition, we observed parasites and leech eggs present within fibropapiloma structure.