Evaluation of the synergistic action of the antihypertensive carvedilol and gold nanoparticle in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
Liver Cancer, Apoptosis, gold nanoparticle, Carvedilol
Liver cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in the world and offers treatments that do not show promising, requiring alternative ways to combat the tumor. The gold nanoparticles have emerged as an important treatment modality for various diseases due to the characteristics of their nanoconjugates. In addition, the antihypertensive carvedilol has demonstrated in recent studies, anti-tumor potential. In view of this, the objective of this study is to evaluate the anti-tumor action, isolated and synergistically, the gold nanoparticle and anti-hypertensive carvedilol on tumor cells (HepG2) and human normal (HEK-293) at 24 and 48 hours. For this, was performed test viability by trypan blue exclusion from in order to establish the doses of gold nanoparticle and carvedilol low-provoking inhibition of cell growth of the HepG2 cells. Selected doses of the gold nanoparticle and carvedilol were used, isolated and synergism for cell death by flow cytometry analysis by marking Anexins V-FITC and PI. For the observation of synergy, the cells were treated with gold nanoparticle and 24 hours after treatment, treated with carvedilol. After 24 hours, the cells were analyzed. Best Cell viability test doses exhibited by flow cytometry, pro-apoptotic activity on human tumor cells (HepG2). For initial and final apoptosis, the carvedilol doses alone and in synergism with the nanoparticle results demonstrate statistically significant (P <0.001) at both times. Regarding the normal human cells (HEK-293), the doses were not promoting apoptosis initial and final statistically significant at both time points. A reduction in initial apoptosis (P <0.01) and final (P <0.01) smaller doses synergism in normal cells.