Banca de DEFESA: VIVIANE BRITO NOGUEIRA

Uma banca de DEFESA de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : VIVIANE BRITO NOGUEIRA
DATE: 15/06/2023
TIME: 09:00
LOCAL: REMOTA - https://meet.google.com/afk-htfc-fkm
TITLE:

MULTIFACETED HEALTH IN RN: FROM A RARE DISEASE TO EDUCATION

KEY WORDS:

Congenital generalized lipodystrophy; Leishmania infantum; AGPAT2; BSCL2; digital literacy; health and education

PAGES: 114
BIG AREA: Ciências da Saúde
AREA: Medicina
SUMMARY:

Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) remain a public health problem in Brazil. Rare genetic diseases are similar to NTDs, due to the low interest of the pharmaceutical industry and the small number of people impacted to justify the investment in clinical research. Both represent a significant challenge for global public health, where the promotion of comprehensive health has been understood as a multifaceted phenomenon, including education. One of these rare diseases, congenital lipodystrophy (CGL), is characterized by severe impairment of adipose tissue. Its prevalence is 3 cases/million, but it is significantly present in Rio Grande do Norte (RN), with 32.3 cases/million. Therefore, this thesis contains two approaches (divided into two articles): (1) the study of cells isolated from CGL individuals to examine whether the disruption of lipid metabolism influences the infection of intracellular pathogens, using Leishmania infantum as a model, causal agent of the NTD visceral leishmaniasis, and (2) the intervention study of digital literacy to help, ultimately, in the battle against NTDs in the RN and thus bring a proposal of education as a factor of transformation in health. Article (1) RNA-seq analysis for monocyte-derived macrophages from CGL individuals showed a discernible transcriptomic signature associated with impaired membrane trafficking when responding to in vitro infection by L. infantum. L. infantum also showed changes in its gene expression for genes related to membrane interaction, such as decreased expression of amastins. It is concluded that there is an interruption in the response to infection in CGL cells by intracellular pathogens and that the candidate pathways to explain this interruption are related to membrane traffic (endocytosis), collagen metabolism (fibrosis), immunological synapse, and irregular biosynthesis of phosphoglycerides, mainly, phosphatidylinositol. This study points out that in vitro infection of CGL cells can be a model approach to studying lipid metabolism and its relationship with infectious processes. Article (2) Around half of the world's population remains without access to the internet or essential digital skills. An educational intervention of 8 classes focused on digital technology, digital culture, and computational thinking was carried out in Pureza/RN. Although some students had no previous contact with computers, their digital tasks increased throughout the classes, regardless of family income and digital culture at home. Students improved their interaction with the computer and their self-confidence in the digital environment. Their scores on the logic/math assessment showed significant improvement in these skills. This was not observed in the control group, demonstrating the importance of this intervention. Here, a viable solution to the digital divide in which children live is presented, with potential earning opportunities in their future. Digital education can be an effective means of improving access to information about disease and prevention, as well as providing training for local health professionals. Therefore, this thesis contributes to the scientific production of neglected and rare diseases, and also to inclusive digital education in an endemic region for NTDs.

COMMITTEE MEMBERS:
Interno - 1178187 - ERYVALDO SOCRATES TABOSA DO EGITO
Externa ao Programa - 1871878 - KERSTIN ERIKA SCHMIDT - nullExterna à Instituição - REGINA PEKELMANN MARKUS - USP
Externa à Instituição - SANTUZA MARIA RIBEIRO TEIXEIRA - UFMG
Presidente - 350647 - SELMA MARIA BEZERRA JERONIMO