TURNERA SUBULATA EXTRACTS RICH IN VITEXIN-2-O-RHAMNOSIDE RESIDUE: IMMUNOMODULATORY EFFECTS ON LPS-ACTIVATED IN RAW 264.7 MACROPHAGES
Anti-inflammatory; Vitexin; Natural Compounds
The Turnera subulata anti-inflammatory properties have been studied, particularly as an alternative in the drug approach to different inflammatory processes. Thereby, aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of flowers and leaves of this plant were applied in this study. The extract chemical characterization was performed by Ultra-Fast Liquid Chromatography coupled to a mass spectrum (LC-MS / MS) and their anti-inflammatory properties were conducted in an in vitro inflammation model, using LPS-stimulated RAW-264.7 macrophage cell line. The phytochemical analysis of T. subulata extracts showed vitexin-2-O-rhamnoside as the main compound in these extracts, especially in the hydroalcoholic extract. Concerning anti-inflammatory properties, these extracts exhibited the ability to modulate the inflammatory response in vitro by altering the pro-inflammatory (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines secretion, in addition to inhibiting the PGE-2 and NO production. Overall, the results demonstrated at the first time a vitexin-2-O-rhamnoside identification in T. subulata, able to positively modulate the inflammatory process. Therefore, results suggest that T. subulata is a promising plant for obtaining extracts to produce phytotherapic formulations for the treatment and/or prevention of chronic diseases.