Evaluation of the effects of cryogenic machining on aspects of surface integrity, microstructure and residual stress state in high chromium white cast iron
High chromium white cast iron, cryogenic machining, residual stress, EBSD
The manufacturing of molds and dies is a high-cost segment of the industry. Mold manufacturing requires the generation of complex shapes with good surface treatment and minimal damage to the tool. Due to all these requirements, this research is justified, constituting a stage of the project approved in the Rota 2030 notice (PVJ19309-2021), aiming to evaluate the microstructure and residual stress of a "near net shape" mold (preform casting) produced from high-chromium white cast iron with four different chemical compositions and AISI P20 steel, which is the most commonly used material in the manufacture of molds for thermoplastic injection. The samples will be machined by milling under conditions without lubricant-coolant and with lubricant-coolant using liquid nitrogen as the cutting fluid. The microstructural analysis was obtained by EBSD (Electron Backscatter Diffraction), and residual stresses via X-ray Diffractometer. The results of this study showed that samples machined with liquid nitrogen exhibited compressive residual stresses, which is a characteristic of fatigue resistance, but the absolute value of the compressive residual stress of the samples machined with liquid nitrogen was not high compared to machining without cutting fluid.