The discursive topic in the Portuguese language class: a proposal of intervention with the genre fable.
Discursive topic. Text hierarchical organization. Genre fable.
In this research we chose the discursive topic as a proposal of work, privileging specifically the study of the hierarchical organization in the text productions of students of the sixth year of a municipal school, through the fable genre. We discussed the topic as an element through which the subjects dealt with in the text relate to each other, because according to Textual Linguistics, a coherently developed text presents the connections between the parts and the whole. Considering the difficulties presented by our students in properly organizing the topics in the texts they produce, we established as a necessary criterion for the construction of the text, a work with the hierarchical organization. In the perspective of collaborating with the students' learning regarding the topical progression of the texts, we developed a didactic sequence, based on the guidelines of Dolz, Noverraz and Schneuwly (2004). Our work was based on the principles of an action research, following a methodology oriented to a specific action. In this direction, we aimed to minimize some problems in the order of textual production, based on the basic principles of centration and the organicity of the text. Our study followed the presuppositions of Textual Linguistics, theoretically supported by the works of Cavalcante (2012), Koch (2002, 2006), Antunes (2009), Marcuschi (2008), Jubran (2006), among others. Our analyzes and reflections revealed that, after the proposal with the didactic sequences, the students produced written texts with noticeable advances in the aspect of the topical hierarchy, fact that evidenced the improvement in their understanding of the importance of writing, relating the ideas to each other, showing coherence between the units of meaning in the text. As a result of this work, the students presented as final product, a booklet made up of original fables of their authorship.