Walls that speak: digital urban marginal media in context of necrogovernability in Brazil (2019 to 2022).
Graphite; Lick-lick; Jair Bolsonaro; Necropolitics; Critical Discourse Analysis.
The mapping of messages displayed in graffiti and street posters scattered throughout Brazil during President Jair Bolsonaro's term in office (2019-2022) constituted the main objective of this research. These messages, the core of the analytical body, came from photographs recorded in the urban space of Brazilian cities; and published, during the research period, on two Instagram profiles – @olheosmuros and @faltarte. From this mapping, we created a taxonomy of the most frequently found words, with contextual observation of the inherent discourse. The examined thesis is that these marginal media acted, in Brazil, as means of resistance in the period from 2019 to 2022 – a period understood here as one of necrogovernability –, presenting news content and/or denouncing this necropolitics. The analysis, qualitative in terms of approach and exploratory in terms of objectives, is accompanied by a combination of Content Analysis (CA) and Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) methods. This combination intended to cover the classification and coding criteria of the dense content collected, as well as the materiality of the discourse circumscribed in the relationship between the social context and the content of these marginal media. Bibliographical research and integrative review are also used to compose the state of the art, in addition to the Voyant Tools text analysis application as a basis for reading data and generating discursive nuclei. Texts by Yuval Harari (2020), Teun van Dijk (2008), Sampaio e Lycarião (2021), Slavoj iek (2014), Achille Mbembe (2018) and Tatiana Ribeiro (2023) contributed to the theoretical foundation of the study. We conclude that urban digital marginal media responded to the political context by denouncing violence against minoritized social groups. However, they primarily confronted hate speech through poetic and affective expressions. In this sense, poetry emerged as the most prominent discursive genre in these urban media spaces, with love serving as an intersectional content that runs through various themes in resistance to death-driven policies.