Evaluation of the SPIKES protocol in the Child and Adolescent Care Unit of a university hospital.
Health Evaluation. Truth Disclosure. Health Communication. Child Health.
Adolescent Health.
Introduction: Communicating bad news is characterized by its potential to
generate negative repercussions. In pediatrics, this type of communication becomes even
more complex due to the particularities inherent to the child/adolescent and their family.
Therefore, there is an urgent need to systematize the process of communicating bad news
through the use of protocols, such as SPIKES, considered worldwide as the gold standard
for communicating bad news. Given the difficulties in appropriating it, Health Evaluation is
configured as an essential strategy to understand and analyze existing strengths and
weaknesses. This study will emphasize normative evaluation in the dimensions of Structure
and Process. Objective: To evaluate the degree of implementation of the SPIKES protocol in
the Child and Adolescent Care Unit of a university hospital. Method: This is a normative
evaluative study with a quantitative approach, based on the theoretical-methodological
framework of Health Evaluation proposed by Avedis Donabedian. The research will be
conducted with the multidisciplinary team of the Child and Adolescent Care Unit at the
Onofre Lopes University Hospital (HUOL). The evaluation will be guided by the construction
of a logical model, encompassing the dimensions of structure and process. Data collection
will occur through a structured questionnaire, developed according to the SPIKES protocol
guidelines and applied via Google Forms. The data will be analyzed using descriptive
statistics in SPSS® software, allowing the classification of the degree of implementation into
four categories: not implemented, incipient, partially implemented, and implemented.
Expected results: It is expected to elucidate the degree of implementation of the SPIKES
protocol in the communication of bad news in pediatrics, highlighting the existing strengths
and weaknesses in clinical practice. It also aims to provide robust scientific evidence to
support decision-making and reorientation actions. Furthermore, the findings should
contribute to improving the communication practices of healthcare professionals, fostering a
more structured, ethical, and assertive approach. The results will be disclosed to the
participants, the relevant ethics bodies, and submitted for publication in a scientific journal.