In situ simulation for basic life support training in the context of Primary Care: pilot study
Clinical Simulation. In situ simulation. Urgency and Emergency. Teaching in Health. Primary Health Care.
The general objective of this study was to provide training for health professionals in Basic Life Support [Suporte Básico de Vida- SBV] and to analyze the method of in situ simulation as a strategy for health education on urgency and emergency topics in the context of Primary Care [Atenção Básica-AB]. This is a research-action. The following steps were followed: situational diagnosis, planning, intervention, data analysis, and results dissemination. In the situational diagnosis, the mapping and characterization of the structural, material, and human resources of the Primary Health Care Unit were carried out. For this, we used as official documents the Evaluation for the Improvement of Access and Quality of Primary Health Care (AMAQ) and the manual of the physical structure of the Healthcare Units (UBS). For the sociodemographic characterization, the participants filled out an identification form. Lectures, skills training, and in situ simulation sessions were planned and performed. Moreover, complementarily, clinical simulation sessions. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee under number 5,163,206; CAAE: 54027521.7.0000.5568. The qualitative analysis was carried out using the Collective Subject Discourse [Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo-DSC]. After establishing the situational diagnosis of the local Healthcare Units of the study, it was possible to identify that its structure differs, partially, from what is recommended in the official documents of the Ministry of Health. As for the materials, equipment, and supplies for urgency and emergency care in the Primary Care, it was possible to identify that decisive items for this kind of care were not available at the time of data collection, not meeting what is recommended by the National Policy of Urgency and Emergency. Most participants are female (75.0%), with an average age of 41 years, community health agents (25.0%), with an average time of professional training of 7.3 years, and time of professional experience of 8 years. Most had no training in Basic Life Support (66.7%) and urgency and emergency (66.7%). Regarding self-confidence to deal with emergencies, it was possible to identify that participant improved their response pattern in the post-test, assigning higher levels of self-confidence to work in emergencies. It also identified the contributions of the in situ simulation method for Basic Life Support training, its limitations and potentialities. It is expected that this work will contribute to improving the quality of care for the local population.