Banca de DEFESA: ALBENIZE DE AZEVEDO SOARES

TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF WOMEN'S MORTALITY BY FIREARMS IN BRAZIL

Female Murder; Gender Violence; Time Distribution; Spatial Analysis; Brazil.

Introduction: Feminicide is characterized as the murder of women resulting from gender inequality. In Brazil, these crimes are mainly committed in places with higher rates of poverty and social vulnerability. The highest occurrence of these crimes occurs among young, mixed-race, single women with less schooling, being executed preferably through the use of firearms. Objective: To analyze the temporal trend and spatial distribution of female firearm-related mortality and socioeconomic indicators in Brazil from 2010 to 2019. Methodology: Two studies will be developed. The first of the ecological type of temporal trend, based on secondary data from the Mortality Information System. The mortality rate due to firearm discharge in women aged 15 to 49 years was considered as an outcome variable, these data were analyzed using the JoinPoint open source software. Independent variables such as marital status, race/color and education were also collected from the SIM and the other variables such as Average Per Capita Income, Percentage of Poor People, Gine Index and Schooling were obtained through the Atlas of Human Development in Brazil from the Programa das United Nations for Development. The second study, also ecological, population-based and with the same variables used in the first study, however the analysis software is in the process of being chosen. Preliminary Results: Identified the occurrence of 2,022 deaths of women due to firearms in Brazil in the age group of 15 to 49 years of age in the period from 2010 to 2019, totaling an average rate of 0.36 deaths/100,000 women. During this period, there was a tendency towards a reduction in these mortalities from 2017 (APC= -11.8% CI95% -44.2; 39.5), but without statistical significance for most regions. Only the Central-West Region showed a reduction in statistical significance from 2010 to 2014 (APC = -41.9*% CI95% -64.7; -4.3). However, the North Region obtained the opposite result, with an increase in statistical significance from 2013 onwards (APC= 23.5* 95%CI 0.4; 51.9). During this period, RIAUS clusters with high mortality rates were formed in the North and Northeast regions, with the formation of respective clusters (High-High and Low-High). The highest occurrence of these crimes occurred among mixed-race, single, less educated, unemployed and low-income women. Final considerations of the work: Even though the country shows a tendency to reduce feminicide by firearm in most regions, the numbers are still below what is desired, with a wide distribution especially in the most socially and economically disadvantaged populations, such as the Region North and Northeast. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen and restructure public policies that aim to protect women and take into account the social and economic context in which they are inserted.