Banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO: ALBENIZE DE AZEVEDO SOARES

TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF WOMEN'S MORTALITY BY FIREARMS IN BRAZIL

Female Murder; Gender Violence; Time Distribution; Spatial Analysis; Brazil.

Introduction: Feminicide is characterized as the murder of women resulting from gender inequality. In Brazil, these crimes are mainly committed in places with higher rates of poverty and social vulnerability. The highest occurrence of these crimes occurs among young, mixed-race, single women with less schooling, being executed preferably through the use of firearms. Objective: To analyze the temporal trend and spatial distribution of female firearm-related mortality and socioeconomic indicators in Brazil from 2010 to 2019. Methodology: Two studies will be developed. The first of the ecological type of temporal trend, based on secondary data from the Mortality Information System. The mortality rate due to firearm discharge in women aged 15 to 49 years was considered as an outcome variable, these data were analyzed using the JoinPoint open source software. Independent variables such as marital status, race/color and education were also collected from the SIM and the other variables such as Average Per Capita Income, Percentage of Poor People, Gine Index and Schooling were obtained through the Atlas of Human Development in Brazil from the Programa das United Nations for Development. The second study, also ecological, population-based and with the same variables used in the first study, however the analysis software is in the process of being chosen. Preliminary Results: The first temporal trend study identified the occurrence of 2,022 deaths of women by firearms in Brazil in the age group of 15 to 49 years old in the period from 2010 to 2019, totaling an average rate of 0.36 deaths/ 100,000 women. In this period, there was a tendency towards a reduction in these mortalities from 2017 (APC= -11.8% CI95% -44.2; 39.5), but without statistical significance for most Regions, where only the Midwest Region showed a reduction of statistical significance from 2010 to 2014 (APC = -41.9*%CI95% -64.7; -4.3), followed by an increase in the remaining years of the study. However, the North Region obtained the opposite result, with an increase in statistical significance from 2013 onwards (APC= 23.5*CI95% 0.4; 51.9). The highest occurrence of these crimes occurred among brown women (49.85%), single (65.52%) and with less schooling 4 to 7 years studied (28.43%). The second study is under construction. Final considerations of the work: The development of the first article made it possible to recognize that even the country showing a tendency to reduce femicide by firearm in most regions, the numbers are still below the desired, especially in the most socially and economically unfavorable populations as it is the case of the Northern Region. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen and restructure public policies that protect women with a view to reducing violence against women through measures that address individual, social, economic, cultural and situational factors. The qualification will enable the expansion of the theoretical framework, and the development of the second article analyzing the spatial distribution of firearm-related mortality in Brazil.