Human aging can be understood as a common, dynamic and progressive artifice where various physiological, morphological, physical, biochemical and psychological changes occur continuously over time, which infer in the reduction of the ability to adapt to everyday situations, thus making the human individual more prone to illness and vulnerabilities to disease. External causes (EC) are understood as phenomena of the external environment that through an effect, be it a force gradient, chemical or radioactive, are capable of causing damage to the human body with various undesirable effects, depending on the way it is performed, such as physical and neurological disabilities, or even, depending on the damage, cause the death of the individual, configuring it as a serious public health problem. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate mortality from external causes in elderly people in Brazil, patterns and publications. Two studies were carried out, the first was an ecological study using secondary data, which aimed to analyze the trend in FB mortality in the elderly in Brazil in the time interval between 2000 and 2019. And the second was to develop a protocol of Scoping Study (scoping study or scoping review) with the objective of mapping, describing and systematizing the scientific evidence of what has been done about coping and the challenges of Primary Health Care (PHC) in the face of FB mortality in the elderly, which will be based on the 2015 Joanna Briggs Institute Review Manual, followed by a scoping review protocol to formulate the step-by-step model and criteria for designing this study. The first study showed, in the investigated period, that 462,099 deaths in the elderly due to FB were identified. Regarding the behavior of mortality from FB in the elderly, the findings show an upward trend in the period studied, with emphasis on the interval between 2000 and 2014, when the mortality rates of elderly people from FB increased the most, with a percentage variation annual mean (APC) of 1.83 (95%CI: 1.6; 2.0). With regard to coping and the challenges of the PHC in the face of mortality from EC in the elderly, it is expected that the study can identify in detail, in the literature, the main bottlenecks for the PHC to face the EC in the elderly, contributing then to provide an overview of the problem experienced and to guide discussions involving the topic.