CUBIC EQUATIONS IN OMAR KHAYYAM: THE OBJECTIFICATION THEORY PROMOTING MORE THAN ONE WAY OF SEEING THE SAME MATHEMATICAL OBJECT
Keywords: Teaching and learning. Theory of Objectification. Omar Khayyam's Algebraic Treatise
The present investigation aims to carry out, with the help of the Theory of Objectification (TO), a study that helps to identify ways that lead the mathematics training teacher to develop multiple perspectives for the same mathematical object. In different periods of history, knowledge in general, and the mathematical objects in particular, were seen from perspectives different from those of our days. Upon seeing that Omar Khayyam in his Algebraic Treatise develops all the resolutions of cubic equations by geometric procedures, we carried out a historical study supported by Depth Hermeneutics in order to seek in the mentioned work of the Islamic scholar potentially didactic historical elements to compose an investigation methodology. On the other hand, the Theory of Objectification (OT) when dealing with the different views of the same mathematical object, says that vision is a cultural organ, as a collective act that depends on the interactions and needs of society and thus the vision in historical moments distinct have particularities, which can be observed and compared. In addition, TO, which conceives learning how to know and become, aiming at the dialectical formation of reflective, critical and ethical subjects, was the framework that guided us in the use of the didactic potential that emerged from the historical text and subsidized the elaboration of the tasks that composed the pedagogical intervention. In order to improve the research, a pilot intervention was applied, a test task that offered answers and decision-making parameters in our study. The pilot intervention brought changes to the activity, making it more conducive to sustaining the argument of the proposed thesis whose statement says that TO enables the creation of a methodology for investigating the didactic potential of a historical text revealed by depth hermeneutics, which points to the paths that lead the mathematics teacher in training to develop multiple perspectives on a mathematical object. In addition to the thesis defense statement, the present investigation allowed us to see that the theoretical framework of OT allows us to investigate issues related not only to mathematical knowledge in the teaching and learning process, but also to investigate issues related to the skills and postures of the subjects involved in the process. of teaching and learning.