Study of the interaction between poly(ethylene-co-methyl acrylate-co-glycidyl methacrylate) thermoplastic and epoxy resin for use in self-healing composites
Self-healing, thermoplastic-thermoset blend, thermo-analyses, FTIR.
Repair of damaged composite structural elements to restore pristine conditions and meet regulatory requirements can be a great challenge. Thus, materials capable of self-healing when damaged are of great interest. In one of the self-healing approaches studied in the literature, thermoplastic was added to a thermosetting matrix and the damaged material has been shown as capable of partially recovering its mechanical properties after a healing cycle. This technique employs heat to partially re-establish the mechanical properties of the composite material. In the present study, epoxy modified with a thermoplastic copolymer was evaluated. The thermoplastic chosen was the poly(ethylene-co-methyl acrylate-co-glycidyl methacrylate) due to its chemical structure very similar to others in literature used for the same intents. Once it was the first time this thermoplastic has been studied combined with epoxy resin, it was made a preliminary study based on processability in order to achieve the best conditions to a future usage as healing agent. It was also investigated the influence of the hardener type (anhydride and amine) on the processability. The thermoplastic was cryogenically ground and sieved in order to obtain a particle size distribution between 100 and 1000 µm. The first results show that the blend thermoset-thermoplastic was not completely homogeneous, evidenced by phase separation in all formulations and processing conditions in the visual analyses. FTIR spectroscopy has also been used to determine the changes in the chemical structure of the blends, where slight differences on peaks indicating that there was a change of amide peak as the thermoplastic was added. Based on these results, future works were proposed regarding the blend behavior in terms of thermo-analysis (DMA, differential scanning calorimetry – DSC), microstructure morphology (visual macro-analysis, atomic force and scanning electronic microscopy) and self-healing assessment.