TAXONOMY STUDY OF ENTOMOBRYOIDEA (COLLEMBOLA, HEXAPODA) IN A CERRADO AREA IN BRAZIL
Chapada dos Guimarães, Entomobryidae, Edaphic fauna, Paronellidae, Neotropical Region, Taxonomy.
Springtails are microhexapods associated to different habitats, especially to humid edaphic environments. There is currently about 9,200 nominal species of springtails, most of them found in temperate regions, and the deficit in the coverage of taxonomic studies from tropical regions is apparent. The Entomobryomorpha is the most diverse order of Collembola, holding almost 4000 described species. It also houses the largest superfamily, Entomobryoidea, which has a wide distribution and consists of three families: Orchesellidae, Entomobryidae and Paronellidae. In Brazil there are 445 species registered in all regions, with most of them recorded from the Atlantic and the Amazon Forests.The Cerrado is second largest biome in Brazil, and although it is one of the world's biodiversity hotspots, it is undersampled for the Collembola fauna. Thus, this study aimed to carry out the first taxonomic study of the Entomobryoidea fauna from the Chapada dos Guimarães, Mato Grosso, Brazil. at the samples were collected from 12 sites using pitfall traps for two days. The biological material was stored in 70% alcohol, screened and assembled to identification and morphological study. Specimens representing the new species were drawn and described following the literature. Four species of Entomobryoidea were identified in this study, all new to science: Trogolaphysa sp. nov., Entomobrya sp. nov., Salina sp. nov and Seira sp. nov. The four taxa are similar to other Neotropical congeners, but they have a distinctive morphology related to the dorsal and ventral tube chaetotaxy and/or the morphology of the empodial complex. Despite being more common in humid forest environments, E. sp. nov. is the record of the genus for the Cerrado domain. Our data represents a increase of 28,5% in the number of species previously recognized for the Brazilian Cerrado, and suggests that the domain may shelter a rich fauna of Collembola. Therefore, inventories, ecological and biogeographic studies, mainly within protected areas, are necessary for the conservation and understanding of the group's distribution within the Cerrado.