Prevalence of depression and other mental disorders in pregnant women deprived of liberty in the prison system
Prison, Mental Disorders, Pregnancy, Prisoners, Women's Health
Introduction: Parallel to the emerging recognition of the role of women in the historical-political-social context, a growing number of female imprisonments has changed the panorama of this phenomenon. With this scenario, from the perspective of the mental illness of pregnant women imprisoned in the prison system, it is considered that they have higher levels of mental problems with more severe evolution, which demonstrate that 75% of women in prison suffer from some mental disorder, which is enhanced during pregnancy. This data is aggravating and worrying for public health, as well as instigating for science. The gestational period during imprisonment is a delicate, vulnerable and complex process, considering motherhood as an unparalleled experience. However, the mental illness of these women accompanies the entire period of imprisonment and later reverberates in life outside the walls. Objective: To assess the prevalence of depression and other mental disorders among pregnant women in the female prison system. Method: This is a research with a quantitative approach, retrospective observational type with critical analysis of the literature. The systematic literature review is a secondary study, which evaluates and brings together similar studies for statistical analysis. As a search strategy, a systematic review protocol was developed using the PRISMA guidelines, which was registered in the PROSPERO database with registration number: CRD42022350737. The search will be carried out in the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cumulative Index Literature of Nursing and Health (CINAHAL), PsycINFO, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), Scopus and The Cochrane Library, articles will be searched without time restriction. Reference lists will be examined. The search strategy uses subjective medical (MeSH) headings and a variety of other terms. As inclusion criteria will be considered: Studies on pregnant women and the development of mental disorders (depression, anxiety, stress and insomnia) during incarceration. As exclusion criteria: Abstracts of congresses and conferences, review rticles, case reports, letters to the editor, case studies, fact sheets, studies with pregnant women aged <18 years, studies without association with mental illness in pregnant women in the prison system. The participants ill be: pregnant women of any gestational age who are incarcerated. The adapted Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scales will be used; Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21); Self Rating Depression Scale (SDS); and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The included studies will be evaluated by two authors separately and independently. The evaluation will be performed using the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool. Expected results: This study is expected to bring together similar studies for statistical analysis and make the topic tangible for decision-making based on the best level of evidence, leaning the gaze of health policies owards this context with a view to improvements.