Clinical simulation and the conceptual map for teaching diagnostic reasoning in nursing
Nursing; Nursing Education; Nursing Diagnoses; Educational technology; Simulation.
The teaching of diagnostic reasoning is relevant for the training of nurses with critical and reflective thinking. It is believed that the incorporation of educational technologies in nursing contributes to an active and meaningful learning. Thus, the present study aims to: analyze the effectiveness of a technological tool involving clinical simulation in line with the conceptual map for teaching nursing students' diagnostic reasoning. It will be an experimental study, to be carried out in three stages: construction of simulation scenarios and clinical cases; validation of the content of the simulation scenarios and clinical cases by a specialist; and application of the technological tool involving clinical simulation in line with the conceptual map. The first stage was carried out by the main researcher, with the help of textbooks and articles of diagnostic accuracy, as well as by the members of the research group. In the second stage, the sample was composed of 45 specialists selected via the Lattes platform. In the third stage, the students will be randomly distributed, in an experimental group, which will count on the intervention through the technological tool and the control group, which will receive a standard intervention composed of expository classes. The inclusion criteria will be: being a graduate student in nursing; and, be enrolled in the fourth period of the undergraduate nursing course at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. The exclusion criteria will be: not participating in all phases of the research; and having taken some discipline on diagnostic reasoning in nursing at another institution. The data will be analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. This research project was submitted for approval by the Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, receiving a favorable opinion under number 3.084.032. All study participants will be invited to sign the Free and Informed Consent Form. As preliminary results, the two clinical simulation scenarios were validated in their content by 45 specialists who judged each item in the scenario according to a Likert Scale and their respective clinical cases using the Nursing Diagnostic Accuracy Scale. Thus, the necessary changes were made according to the suggestions raised, giving rise to two simulation scenarios for application in the third stage of this study.