Nursing diagnosis related to delayed development: content analysis and clinical validation
Nursing. Validation Studies. Nursing Diagnosis. Development. Adolescent
Adolescent health care is a major challenge, due to the needs of this age group and the configuration of health services. In this sense, the National Policy for Integral Attention to the Health of Adolescents and Young People arises in order to include this population in the network of attention of the Unified Health System, guaranteeing assistance directed to the peculiarities of that age. Adolescence is the period between childhood and adulthood, responsible for numerous physical, social, psychological and cognitive changes in the individual. The term development encompasses a continuous, maturational process that takes place at different stages of life. It differs from the concept of growth, which is exclusively related to quantitative aspects. The aim of the study is to analyze the content and accuracy measures of nursing diagnosis Delay in development. It is a methodological study, directed by two stages: content analysis, developed with nine specialists who evaluated, through the focal group, the components of said diagnosis, and clinical validation, which has been carried out in order to identify the characteristics defining adolescents with better accuracy in the school environment of Natal-RN. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the institution responsible, under protocol number 070.358 and Certificate of Presentation for Ethical Appraisal 57945016.4.0000.5537. The results of the Content Analysis evidenced that the quantitative of related factors went from 16 terms to 17 antecedents, inserted in the nursing diagnosis. Delay in development, due to the relocation of the consequent term Attention deficit and hyperactivity, to compose the antecedents. Likewise, the defining characteristics changed from 14 terms to 12 consequent, by exclusion of the consequent Attention deficit and hyperactivity and Difficulty of expressing emotions. As such, the focus group worked, partially or totally, on the restructuring of the terms related to the conceptual analysis carried out by Delgado (2016). For the second stage of the research, the pre-test of the instrument of data collection, including 10% of the predicted sample, was carried out to verify its suitability. It was held during the month of July 2017, in two school institutions, totaling 39 students. It was verified the adequacy of the instrument adopted, being therefore included the 39 adolescents in the final sample of the study (385 students). Data were collected from July to September 2017 to measure the accuracy of the defining characteristics in the East Zone (119 students), the Northern Zone (78 adolescents), the West Zone (92), and the South Zone (96). The data tabulation in Microsoft Excel was completed for subsequent routing to statistical analysis, data organization and discussion with relevant literature. From the study, it is hoped to contribute to the strengthening of the public policy focused on adolescent health and to the clinical reasoning of nurses, regarding the assistance provided to adolescents in the school environment.