Care of the family to the child with Congenital Zika Virus Syndrome
Microcephaly; Zika Virus Infection; Congenital Abnormalities; Grounded Theory; Nursing Theory.
Introduction: Congenital Zika Virus Syndrome is a set of congenital anomalies in the children’s brains that entail a series of signs and symptoms, in addition to microcephaly. Thus, children may present delay in their cognitive, motor and speech development; brain paralysis; epilepsy; vision and hearing disorders; dysphagia; angry outbursts; among others. Accordingly, there is no specific treatment for this syndrome. The care should be focused on the development of the child according to its neurological and/or motor complications through early stimuli, from birth to three years of age. Given the above, there is an indispensable need for family members to learn how to deal with the characteristics inherent of these children, since the team of specialized professionals stimulates the child growth and development, but it requires a lot of efforts from their families in terms of the continuity of these stimuli in their daily coexistence, with a view to providing a good evolution to them, since the way in which the child experiences life interferes with its childhood development. Such considerations are important for nursing when we consider the role that the nursing worker plays in preventing diseases and promoting health for pregnant women and children during the periods of prenatal, puerperium and childcare. In light of the foregoing, we raised the following question: how does the family care for the child with Congenital Zika Virus Syndrome happen? Objective: to understand the process of care for the child with Congenital Zika Virus Syndrome from the conceptions of the family and of the health professionals. Method: this is an exploratory and descriptive study, with a qualitative approach, based on the Grounded Theory. Data collection will be performed by means of a script composed of two parts: the first will consist of socioeconomic questions, in order to characterize the participants, and the second will consist of a guiding question related to the object of study to direct the oral conversation between two people, through a non-directive orientation, without a predefined plan, only with what emerges at the moment and with direct interaction with the research objective focused on understanding the perspectives and experiences of the interviewees. When analyzing the data, we will perform a fluctuating reading to emphasize the main ideas of the informants. Subsequently, we will analyze word by word, line by line, with the purpose of constructing the categories and codifying the relationship among them; that is why we highlight that the collection and the analysis will be simultaneous, and the number of participants will be obtained by means of theoretical saturation, i.e., when there are no more new data. Expected results: we expect that this study will be able to identify, from the family’s view, the feelings, emotions, as well as strengths and weaknesses, in the care provided to their children affected by this syndrome, in such a way as to allow discussions among health professionals and introduce these children into the care services targeted to children and their families. Moreover, to construct a theoretical model that may contribute to the subject of nursing.