In Vitro and In Vivo Antioxidant Activity of Agave sisalana Agro-Industrial Residue
Agave sisalana; agro-industrial; antioxidant; residue
Agave sisalana (sisal), cultivated to obtain the fiber, is used to production of ropes and crafts, among others. However, only 4% of the sisal leaves are used to that aim, producing high waste levels that can promote environmental damage. Hence, the work aim was to obtain and structurally characterize polysaccharides enriched fractions, evaluate in vivo and in vitro antioxidant potential, and develop a nanoemulsified system to active incorporation, from agro-industrial waste of Agave sisalana. A polysaccharide enriched fraction was obtained. Then, it was purified by size ultrafiltration (FRE). The main compound structural elucidation was performed by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). Antioxidant activity of fractions were evaluated by oxygen reactive species intracellular quantification, determination of acute stress survival and quantification of gst-4::GFP gene expression in C. elegans model. A factorial experimental design model was used to obtain a nanoemulsified system and its evaluated stability. A β-Glcp, α-ManNH2p and α-GalNH2p constituted polysaccharide was preliminary found as main compound to obtained fractions. FRE showed the higher capacity to scavenging DPPH and ABTS radical. However, that fraction presented more metal chelating capacity (Cu 2+ and Fe2+). FRE and FREP promoted a decrease of intracellular ERO and an increase of survival fraction up to 21% and 26%, respectively. The gst-4::GFP expression was positive to FRE, a reduction was observed to FREP. One nanoemulsion containing 20% oil phase, 5% surfactant and 75% aqueous phase was considered stable up to 90 days. The used of agro-industrial waste as a new cosmetic antioxidant raw material to skin care and prevention of cutaneous elderly can not only promote environmental benefits but also contribute to the socioeconomic development of region.