Insight of the effects of Chitosan and Chitosan Oligomers on Trypanosoma cruzi
antiparasitic; cytotoxicity; chitooligosaccharides.
Chitin is the second most abundant polymer on nature, present on the exoskeleton of arthropods. Chitin can be transformed into chitosan by partial deacetylation, resulting in a chitosan, a heteropolymer composed by units of D-glucosamine and N-acetyl-glucosamine. Chitooligosaccharides (COS) are obtained by chitosan hydrolysis. COS have demonstrated a large biological effect due to its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antitumoral activities. Despite of those studies, the mechanism of action of COS is yet unknown, such as its effects on Trypanossoma parasites. The aim of this article is to produce, characterize by 1HNMR and 13 CNMR and evaluate COS upon its cytotoxicity on RAW and Vero cell lines and the anti-Trypanosoma cruzi effects in vitro. All the concentrations of COS did not shown toxicity on any tested cells, COS caused morphological changes in the membrane of epimastigotes forms of T.cruzi and demonstrated a discrete effect on inhibiting parasitic growth. Thus, COS is a promising molecule to be used in pharmaceutical industries demonstrating also a positive ecological impact on the reutilization of sea food residues.