ESTUDO FITOQUÍMICO E AVALIAÇÃO DO EFEITO ANTI-INFLAMATÓRIO E ANTINOCICEPTIVO DE UM DERIVADO VEGETAL OBTIDO DA CASCA DE CASTANHA DE Anacardium occientale NO MODELO DE ARTRITE AGUDA E CRÔNICA EM RATOS
Anacardic Acid Derivatives; Anacardium occidentale; Pain; Inflammation; Arthritis.
The Anacardium occidentale, popularly known as cashew tree is a typically Brazilian plant, grown mainly in the northeast region of the country. Its pseudofruit, the cashew, is a rich source of vitamin C, carotenoids, tannins and anthocyanins, which gives it a high nutritional value. Chestnut shell liquid (LCC), a by-product extracted from the nutshell, has been subject of recent research motivated by its high biological potential mainly due to the presence of phenolic acids in their constitution. Thus, the present work aimed to perform a phytochemical study, as well as to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects and anti-nociceptive activity of a cashew nut vegetable derivative in Zymosan-induced arthritis and Freund's complete adjuvant in male Wistar rats. Further, it performed the isolation of the main chemical constituents of the extract. For the development of this project were administered dosages of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg. Preliminary results indicated a decrease in knee edema in the Zymosan-induced arthritis model, as well as a decrease in leukocyte influx into the intra-articular space. From the vegetable derivatives of A. occidentale chestnut shell oil, it was possible to isolate 4 substances, two of which were already elucidated and identified as 6-[8 (Z), 11 (Z), 14-pentadecatrienyl] salicylic acid and 6-[8 (Z), 11 (Z)-pentadecadienyl] salicylic acid, being the anacardic acid with three unsaturations and two unsaturations, respectively. The other substances are in the process of structural elucidation. It is worth to point out that these results are still preliminary results, being necessary the accomplishment of cytokine dosages, as well as immunohistochemical assay and histopathological analysis to elucidate the therapeutic potential of this extract in the inflammatory process of arthritis.