PATIENT SAFETY CULTURE FROM THE CAREGIVER'S PERSPECTIVE IN THE CONTEXT OF HOME CARE: SCOPING REVIEW
Patient Safety. Home Care. Caregivers.
INTRODUCTION: The home environment, like any health establishment, presents risks and conditions that must be observed to ensure patient safety. It is essential to consider the possible risks and the consequent appropriate conduct. It is in this context that the culture of patient safety is inserted in the context of home care, considering the dimensions of the caregiver with a focus on their preparation, in order to facilitate new forms of care production and interactions with the health team. Furthermore, there is a mistaken perception that in the home environment and in Primary Health Care (PHC), the user is less vulnerable to unsafe practices, but it is in this context that primary health care is developed and that most health actions are developed. OBJECTIVE: To map the existing evidence in the literature about the culture of patient safety from the perspective of the caregiver in the context of home care. METHODOLOGY: This is a scoping review, conducted based on the methodological framework of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist. To develop the research question, the mnemonic conceptual model Population, Concept, and Context (PCC) was considered, in which “population” corresponded to caregivers; “concept”: patient safety; and “context”: home care. Searches were carried out in six databases in September 2024. The publications found were exported to Rayyan® software and duplicates were removed. Then, the selection and inclusion of studies was carried out by two independent reviewers in a blind screening according to the established eligibility criteria and conflicts were resolved by a third reviewer. A pilot test was carried out with two reviewers before starting the blind screening, in order to reduce bias. PRELIMINARY RESULTS: A total of 1,818 records were identified during the initial search. After screening the selected studies, 108 records were selected for full-text evaluation. The characteristics of the listed publications were presented in a descriptive table containing items from the form prepared for data extraction. The preliminary findings of this study demonstrate the need for a broader view of the subject, considering that gaps and weaknesses were identified concerning the home context involving caregivers. PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATIONS: This study will contribute to mapping the knowledge produced on safety in care, corroborating the qualification of the care provided with a focus on caregiver participation, in a way that encourages them to identify and highlight errors and failures that have occurred, aiming to prevent new events related to the same causes from occurring. It is expected to reference the existence of gaps in the understanding of the topic, considering the importance of this knowledge in the scope of patient safety and the evaluation of the production of related knowledge, in order to identify the types of risks that patients are most exposed to in their homes, as well as the difficulties encountered by caregivers in promoting safe and effective care and the main strategies used to promote a culture of safety in the home environment.