SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL LITERACY AND THE INCOMPLETENESS OF TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS IN THE INITIAL TRAINING OF SCIENCE TEACHERS
Scientific and Technological Literacy; Scientific and Technological Culture; Science Education; Social Transformation.
Scientific and Technological Literacy (STL) is a formative perspective in Science education that aims to equip individuals not only with scientific and technological knowledge, but also with the ability to use this knowledge critically and ethically, as one of the pathways to social transformation. Although this perspective seeks to promote a closer engagement of students with scientific and technological culture, it is crucial to recognize that there is an incompleteness in the epistemic approach to Technology within STL. From this perspective, this study aimed to analyze STL dimensions in an expanded way, seeking to recognize their impacts on the Initial Teacher Education (ITE) of Natural Science teachers. The study is characterized by a qualitative approach of the “state of the art” type and by its interventionist nature, within an applied research modality. The first stage of the research was dedicated to conducting a state-of-the-art review using national and international databases and journals covering the years 1992 to 2022. The IRaMuTeQ software was used to support the analytical treatment of the selected corpus. In the second stage, empirical data were collected through a training course held at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), which included 12 pre-service teachers of Biological Sciences and Chemistry. The instruments used were diagnostic assessment, participant observation, field diary, voice recorder, and questionnaire. For the analysis of the corpus collected during the course, Discursive Textual Analysis (DTA) was used. Among the results, it is inferred that the search for technological aspects in STL, based on national and international academic productions, revealed evidence that supports the argument of an incompleteness in STL. In response to this, we propose six dimensions of STL that incorporate technological aspects. As a theoretical development, we also present a proposition called the “spiral circuit of STL,” which can guide Science teachers in planning lessons, didactic sequences, or other pedagogical contexts. Regarding the training course, it is inferred that it contributed not only to broadening conceptions about Technology, but also to provoking reflections on the role of Science and Technology in society and teacher education.