Banca de DEFESA: LARISSA ESTEVES MESQUITA

Uma banca de DEFESA de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : LARISSA ESTEVES MESQUITA
DATE: 02/04/2025
TIME: 14:30
LOCAL: Google Meet
TITLE:

Antibacterial potential and resistance modulation of cocrystals obtained from Momordica Charantia

KEY WORDS:

Caetano melon; Cocrystal; Bacterial resistance; Phytochemistry.

PAGES: 104
BIG AREA: Ciências Biológicas
AREA: Parasitologia
SUMMARY:

Natural substances, especially those from medicinal plants, contain compounds capable of enhancing drugs, and are essential for the development of new medicines due to their low cost and easy access. Momordica charantia has proven antibacterial activity and potential for therapeutic applications. In the industrial setting, extracts can be used in cocrystals to enhance therapeutic effects. This study evaluated the resistance-modulating activity and antimicrobial potency of cocrystals obtained from M. charantia extracts. During the methodological stage, the fruits were collected in São José da Mata (PB) and used to obtain five hydroalcoholic extracts in different proportions of water:ethanol (E1, E2, E3, E4, and E5). Antibacterial, phytochemical, and cytotoxicity analyses of the extract were performed. The cocrystals were formed by evaporation under reduced pressure and characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The modulating activity was evaluated by microdilution, with calculation of the Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI). As a result, Escherichia coli demonstrated greater sensitivity to extracts E1, E2 and E3. Phytochemical analysis revealed a higher concentration of tannins in relation to polyphenols and flavonoids, with E5 being the richest in these compounds, followed by E4 and E3. Extract E3 stood out for its Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), balanced phytochemical composition and ideal solvent ratio, being selected for the formation of the cocrystal. In the assays with L929 fibroblasts and P815 mast cells, all concentrations tested reduced cell viability, but the moderate cytotoxicity of E3 does not preclude its therapeutic use. Structural analyses of E3 associated with Carboxylic Salicylic Acid (EX-SA) suggest the formation of a cocrystal. The compound showed antimicrobial activity against E. coli, S. aureus, K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa, with a MIC of 1.04 mg/mL and synergism with Oxacillin, Amoxicillin+Clavulanate, Ceftriaxone and Meropenem. The results indicate that the EX-SA cocrystal not only improves the antimicrobial action of the extract, but also enhances the efficacy of conventional antibiotics, allowing the reduction of clinical doses. This finding reinforces the potential of M. charantia as a basis for new therapeutic formulations, opening perspectives for the development of more effective alternatives in combating bacterial resistance.

COMMITTEE MEMBERS:
Presidente - 1049952 - DEYSIANE OLIVEIRA BRANDAO
Externa à Instituição - LUANNE EUGÊNIA NUNES - UNILAB
Interna - 1452833 - MARIA CELESTE NUNES DE MELO