Software development for the design of passive filters to mitigate harmonics in the electrical system
Harmonics, script, Scilab®, passive filters, mitigate
It is known that there is an increasing need to maintain the satisfactory operation of electrical equipment, processes, installations and systems considering the waveform of an electrical voltage or current signal within a certain standard established in standards. To guarantee this, the importance of Power Quality is noted, in view of its wide scope with regard to the variety of electromagnetic phenomena, which can lead to a deviation in the waveform of such electrical signals.
With the popularization of equipment that makes use of electronics, numerous problems of Power Quality began to appear in the facilities; for example: untimely trips of circuit breakers, overheating of transformers and motors, excessive current in neutral conductors, explosions of capacitors, among others. These problems, for the most part, are caused by the presence of harmonics resulting from the new load profile of a non-linear nature, which leads to distortion of the current waveform and voltage in a permanent state.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop technologies in order to optimize the performance and productivity of industrial and domestic equipment or, even, the creation of tools and software that enable a possible solution to the problem in an assertive way.
Among the problems addressed in the norm, it is possible to highlight the harmonics, considering that they will be the object of study of this work.
Therefore, the purpose of this work is to develop a script in the Scilab® software in order to carry out the design of passive filters, initially, to mitigate harmonics through a series and parallel passive filter, of orders 3 and 5, from a UFRN system (with realistic harmonic values, voltage and impedance, in particular, the harmonics, which were collected for a previous job by a YOKOGAWA® energy analyzer - supplied by UFRN). In addition, the performance of the projected filters will also be validated through simulations in the PSIM® program and, later, make the script generic to mitigate any harmonic present in an electrical system