CO2 Hydrogenation to Methanol by CuO-ZnO-ZrO2 Catalysts Supported on SBA-15 with Different Morphologies and Pore Architectures
sba-15; catalyst; hydrogenation; methanol; co2.
The development of selective, efficient, and lower-cost catalytic materials for CO2 recovery through conversion has intensified in recent years due to the increase in emissions and concentration of greenhouse gases (GHG) in the atmosphere. Therefore, this work investigates the synthesis of SBA-15 supports with hexagonal grain, elongated grain, hexagonal block, and hexagonal platelet morphologies, with different pore architectures, through the addition of solubilizing agents (decane and dodecane). The supports were characterized by complementary analytical techniques such as XRD, SEM, and textural analysis by N2 adsorption and desorption. Furthermore, Cu, Zn, and Zr-based catalysts were prepared by incorporating different fractions of these species into the SBA-15 supports via deposition and wet-point precipitation methods, as well as the preparation of a mixture of unsupported Cu, Zn, and Zr oxides via a solvothermal method. Again, the characterization of these materials was carried out using the aforementioned complementary techniques, as well as XRF, H2-TPR, and N2O pulse chemisorption. This study makes it feasible to evaluate the influence of the pore structure of SBA-15, along with the dispersion of metallic species, and consequently, the generation of active sites favorable to the adsorption of CO2 and H2 for the formation of methanol via hydrogenation. Catalytic tests were performed in a fixed-bed flow reactor under mild temperature and pressure conditions (240 ºC and 30 bar) for 8 to 10 hours (WGHS = 4.8 L/h.gcat), evaluating the selectivity for methanol due to the low conversion of CO2, since the ratio of the reaction gas mixture is 3:1:0.5 for H2, CO2, and N2.