Poly (ethylene-co-methacrylic acid) (EMAA) as self-healing agent to carbon-epoxy composites
Self-healing, interlaminar fracture toughness, epoxy, poly (ethylene-co-methacrylic acid)
Self-healing mechanisms are promising alternatives to extend the life of materials and mitigate the risk of component failure. One of the approaches studied to grant self-healing ability to thermoset polymers is the incorporation of thermoplastic polymers. In this case, damage repair is achieved by heating the material to allow sufficient mobility of the polymer chains. The present study proposes the evaluation of factors related to repair efficiency in a carbon-epoxy laminate with the addition of poly (ethylene-co-methacrylic acid) (EMAA) as a thermoplastic repair agent. The effects of alternative temperatures on material flow and degradation during the healing cycle were studied. Melt Flow Rate (MFR) tests were performed for the EMAA at temperatures of 130 °C, 150 °C and 180 °C, and the effect of temperature on the melt viscosity was fitted using two theoretical models (exponential and Arrhenius). In addition, a study was developed using hot stage microscopy to assess the occurrence of reactions between EMAA and epoxy and glass substrates at the same temperatures used in the MFR analyses. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) tests were performed to investigate thermal properties and degradation of the material. The results suggest that the selection of alternative repair cycles can improve the efficiency of the thermoplastic self-healing agent without material degradation. In addition, Double Cantilever Beam test geometry was used to investigate mode I interlaminar fracture toughness for a variety of temperatures, times and EMAA particle size parameters, as related to self-healing cycles, by means of a statistical analysis methodology based on a factorial design.